1
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Markwitz M, Labrzycki K, Azcune L, Landa A, Kuciński K. Access to thioethers from thiols and alcohols via homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20624. [PMID: 37996490 PMCID: PMC10667213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A metal-free dehydrative thioetherification method has been reported, enabling the conversion of various alcohols and thiols into thioethers. By employing triflic acid as a catalyst or utilizing a recyclable NAFION® superacid catalyst, these methods significantly improve the efficiency and practicality of sulfide preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Markwitz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego St. 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Klaudiusz Labrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego St. 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Laura Azcune
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aitor Landa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Kuciński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego St. 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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2
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Gan Z, Cui D, Zhang H, Feng Y, Huang L, Gui Y, Gao L, Song Z. Trityl Cation-Catalyzed Hosomi-Sakurai Reaction of Allylsilane with β,γ-Unsaturated α-Ketoester to Form γ,γ-Disubstituted α-Ketoesters. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154730. [PMID: 35897907 PMCID: PMC9331905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
(Ph3C)[BPh(F)4]-catalyzed Hosomi-Sakurai allylation of allylsilanes with β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters has been developed to give γ,γ-disubstituted α-ketoesters in high yields with excellent chemoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that trityl cation dominates the catalysis, while the silyl cation plays a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lu Gao
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (Z.S.)
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3
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Taniguchi N, Kitayama K. Metal Catalyzed-Introduction of Sulfur-Substituents to Unsaturated Carbon-Carbon Bonds. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobukazu Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Kenji Kitayama
- Biomass Innovation Center Osaka Head Office, Daicel Corporation
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4
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Sarkar P, Das S, Pati SK. Recent Advances in Group 14 and 15 Lewis Acids for Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200148. [PMID: 35320614 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) which rely on the cooperative action of Lewis acids and Lewis bases, played a prominent role in the advancement of main-group catalysis. While the early days of FLP chemistry witnessed the dominance of boranes, there is a growing body of reports on alternative Lewis acids derived from groups 14 and 15. This short review focuses on the discovery of such non-boron candidates reported since 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sarkar
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Theoretical Sciences Unit, INDIA
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, New Chemstry Unit, INDIA
| | - Swapan K Pati
- JNCASR, Theoretical Sciences Unit and New Chemistry Unit, Jakkur Campus, 560064, Bangalore, INDIA
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5
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Luo Z, Liu ZQ, Yang TT, Zhuang X, Hong CM, Zou FF, Xue ZY, Li QH, Liu TL. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP)-Assisted Catalyst-Free Sulfonation of Allylic Alcohols with Sulfinyl Amides. Org Lett 2022; 24:741-745. [PMID: 34989575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A highly regioselective and catalyst-free sulfonation of allylic alcohols with sulfinyl amides has been realized. Such a mix-and-go procedure provides a convenient approach to synthetically various allylic sulfones under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, this novel reaction shows ample substrate scope and outstanding functional group tolerance and could also be scaled-up. Meanwhile, it is the first example that sulfinyl amides act as a powerful sulfur nucleophile in the reactions. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) as a solvent plays a critical role in allylic sulfonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zheng-Qiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Zhuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Qing-Hua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tang-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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6
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Sarkar P, Das S, Pati SK. Investigating Tetrel-Based Neutral Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Hydrogen Activation. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15180-15189. [PMID: 34590831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrel Lewis acids are a prospective alternative to commonly employed neutral boranes in frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry. While cationic tetrylium Lewis acids, being isolobal and iso(valence)electronic, are a natural replacement to boranes, neutral tetrel Lewis acids allude as less trivial options due to the absence of a formally empty p orbital on the acceptor atom. Recently, a series of intramolecular geminal FLPs (C2F5)3E-CH2-P(tBu)2 (E = Si, Ge, Sn) featuring neutral tetrel atoms as acceptor sites has been reported for activation of small molecules including H2. In this work, through density functional theory computations, we elucidate the general mechanistic picture of H2 activation by this family of FLPs. Our findings reveal that the acceptor atom derives the required Lewis acidity utilizing the antibonding orbitals of its adjacent bonds with the individual contributions depending on the identity of the acceptor and the donor atoms. By varying the identity of the Lewis acid and Lewis base sites and attached substituents, we unravel their interplay on the energetics of the H2 activation. We find that switching the donor site from P to N significantly affects the synchronous nature of the bond breaking/formations along the reaction pathway, and as a result, N-bearing FLPs have a more favorable H2 activation profile than those with P. Our results are quantitatively discussed in detail within the framework of the activation-strain model of reactivity along with the energy-decomposition analysis method. Finally, the reductive elimination decomposition route pertinent to the plausible extension of the H2 activation to catalytic hydrogenation by these FLPs is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sarkar
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Swapan K Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
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7
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Zhao Y, Rui J, Du Q, Chen R, Zhan Y, Zheng X, Wu X. Catalytic base-controlled regiodivergent heteronucleophilic hydrofunctionalization of β,γ-unsaturated amides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9756-9759. [PMID: 34477183 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03440e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A general catalytic base-controlled regiodivergent nucleophilic hydrofunctionalization of both terminal and internal β,γ-unsaturated amides has been reported. The atom-economical addition of various S/P-based nucleophiles was also exclusively chemoselective. More than 60 branched or linear hetero-substituted aliphatic amides were synthesized from common starting materials under transition-metal-free conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies are consistent with our proposed divergent catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Jiacheng Rui
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Qiang Du
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Rizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ying Zhan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Xintao Zheng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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8
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Wang Y, Qi Z, Niu Y, Feng H, Benassi E, Qian B. Selective oxidative intermolecular carbosulphenylation of aryl alkenes with thiols and nucleophiles via a 1,2-dithioethane intermediate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7533-7536. [PMID: 34236369 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02517a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A periodate lithium-oxidized difunctionalisation of aryl alkenes with thiols and electron-rich aromatics was achieved, selectively affording more than thirty carbosulphenylated products. Both experiments and quantum chemical calculations demonstrated the radical-polar nature of the processes, and that 1,2-dithioethane and thiiranium ions might play the role of intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Zaojuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Yanning Niu
- Department of Teaching and Research, Nanjing Forestry University, Huaian, 223003, P. R. China
| | - Hua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Enrico Benassi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China. and Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Bo Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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9
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Zhao S, Zhang J, Zhai Y, Zou X, Wang S, Bian Z, Cui F, Zhu G. Highly efficient Lewis acid catalytic activity of the tritylium ion at the node of a tensile organic framework. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9786-9793. [PMID: 34349952 PMCID: PMC8293798 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tritylium salts have been used as Lewis acid catalysts in organic synthesis for a long time. In this work, we found that the Lewis acid catalytic activity of tritylium ions at the node of a tensile framework is significantly improved compared to that of the free tritylium salts. The tritylium-based framework, PAF-201 (PAF, porous aromatic framework), was prepared by acidification of a semi-rigid triphenylcarbinol-based parent framework, PAF-200. When PAF-200 was alternately exposed to HCl and NH3 gas, a fast allochroic cycle was observed due to repeated formation of tritylium species. Interestingly, the pseudo-first-order reaction rate of a Povarov model reaction catalyzed by PAF-201 as a Lewis acid was ∼3.7 times and ∼4.7 times as those of tritylium tetrafluoroborate and tri(4-biphenyl)carbonium tetrafluoroborate, respectively. Theoretical calculations revealed that the tritylium ion at the node of PAF-201 has a quasi-planar structure. The transformation of triphenylcarbinol in PAF-200 to tritylium in PAF-201 can make the framework taut, and the rebounding force toward the tetrahedral structure is stored. This is favorable for tritylium to activate the imine substrate along with a deformation of the quasi-plane to tetrahedron. PAF-201 could be easily recycled at least three times without evident loss of catalytic activity. This work presents the catalytic activity of the tritylium ion under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Juhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Yongchang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Xiaoqin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Fengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
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10
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Xiao Q, Zhang H, Li JH, Jian JX, Tong QX, Zhong JJ. Directing-Group-Assisted Markovnikov-Selective Hydrothiolation of Styrenes with Thiols by Photoredox/Cobalt Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:3604-3609. [PMID: 33843237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In contrast with the well-developed radical thiol-ene reaction to access anti-Markovnikov-type products, the research on the catalytic Markovnikov-selective hydrothiolation of alkenes is very restricted. Because of the catalyst poisoning of metal catalysts by organosulfur compounds, limited examples of transition-metal-catalyzed thiol-ene reactions have been reported. However, in this work, a directing-group-assisted hydrothiolation of styrenes with thiols by photoredox/cobalt catalysis is found to proceed smoothly to afford Markovnikov-type sulfides with excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong 521041, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Xin Jian
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Xiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ji Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
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11
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Marullo S, D'Anna F, Rizzo C, Billeci F. Ionic liquids: "normal" solvents or nanostructured fluids? Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2076-2095. [PMID: 33606870 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of non-conventional solvents, which, for almost two decades, have continued to generate burgeoning interest in different fields of present-day chemical research with few similar precedents. Among the various aspects related to ILs, a topic worthy of in-depth analysis is their influence on organic reactivity and reaction rates. In light of this, the present short review aims to provide an overview of the literature from 2010 to the present day that addresses this issue. In particular, we herein present two main different viewpoints by which the solvent effect of ILs is explained: the first is mainly based on considering the bulk polarity of ILs and linear solvation energy relationships, while the other treats ILs as nanostructured fluids. In both cases, studies dealing with IL mixtures are also covered. Finally, literature addressing the area of supramolecular catalysis "by" or "in" ILs is also reported. This is one of the few reviews covering these specific aspects, aiming to provide a useful framework to guide future research into the effects of ILs on organic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carla Rizzo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Floriana Billeci
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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12
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Borodkin GI, Elanov IR, Shubin VG. Carbocation Catalysis of Organic Reactions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021030015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Beletskaya IP, Nájera C, Yus M. Catalysis and regioselectivity in hydrofunctionalization reactions of unsaturated carbon bonds. Part III. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The review addresses the possibility of obtaining Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov isomers in the reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons with organophosphorus and organosulfur compounds having P–H and S–H bonds using metal salts or complexes as catalysts.
The bibliography includes 247 references.
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14
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McCourt RO, Scanlan EM. Atmospheric Oxygen Mediated Radical Hydrothiolation of Alkenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:15804-15810. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O. McCourt
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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15
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Sapsford JS, Csókás D, Scott DJ, Turnell-Ritson RC, Piascik AD, Pápai I, Ashley AE. Establishing the Role of Triflate Anions in H 2 Activation by a Cationic Triorganotin(IV) Lewis Acid. ACS Catal 2020; 10:7573-7583. [PMID: 32905389 PMCID: PMC7469243 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Cationic
Lewis acids (LAs) are gaining interest as targets for
frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-mediated catalysis. Unlike neutral boranes,
which are the most prevalent LAs for FLP hydrogenations, the Lewis
acidity of cations can be tuned through modulation of the counteranion;
however, detailed studies on such anion effects are currently lacking
in the literature. Herein, we present experimental and computational
studies which probe the mechanism of H2 activation using iPr3SnOTf (1-OTf) in conjunction
with a coordinating (quinuclidine; qui) and noncoordinating (2,4,6-collidine;
col) base and compare its reactivity with {iPr3Sn·base}{Al[OC(CF3)3]4} (base = qui/col) systems which lack a coordinating anion to investigate
the active species responsible for H2 activation and hence
resolve any mechanistic roles for OTf– in the iPr3SnOTf-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Sapsford
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Daniel J. Scott
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93051, Germany
| | - Roland C. Turnell-Ritson
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Adam D. Piascik
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Andrew E. Ashley
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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16
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Salman M, Xu Y, Khan S, Zhang J, Khan A. Regioselective molybdenum-catalyzed allylic substitution of tertiary allylic electrophiles: methodology development and applications. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5481-5486. [PMID: 34094074 PMCID: PMC8159339 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The first molybdenum-catalyzed allylic sulfonylation of tertiary allylic electrophiles is described. The method employs a readily accessible catalyst (Mo(CO)6/2,2′-bipyridine, both are commercially available) and represents the first example of the use of a group 6 transition metal-catalyst for allylic sulfonylation of substituted tertiary allylic electrophiles to form carbon–sulfur bonds. This atom economic and operationally simple methodology is characterized by its relatively mild conditions, wide substrate scope, and excellent regioselectivity profile, thus unlocking a new platform to forge sulfone moieties, even in the context of late-stage functionalization and providing ample opportunities for further derivatization through traditional Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. The first general example of Mo-catalyzed allylic sulfonylation of tertiary allylic electrophile provides an efficient way to forge sulfone moieties, and providing ample opportunities for further transformation through traditional Suzuki cross-coupling.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Salman
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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17
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Taniguchi N. Brønsted Acid-Assisted Zinc-Catalyzed Markovnikov-Type Hydrothiolation of Alkenes Using Thiols. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6528-6534. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobukazu Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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18
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Courant T, Lombard M, Boyarskaya DV, Neuville L, Masson G. Tritylium assisted iodine catalysis for the synthesis of unsymmetrical triarylmethanes. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6502-6508. [PMID: 32789393 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01502d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The combined Lewis acid catalytic system, generated from molecular iodine and tritylium tetrafluoroborate effectively catalyzed the Friedel-Crafts (FC) arylation of diarylmethyl sulfides providing an efficient access to various unsymmetrical triarylmethanes. The addition of tritylium and iodine created a more active catalytic system to promote the cleavage of sulfidic C-S bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Courant
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Marine Lombard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Dina V Boyarskaya
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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19
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Khan A, Zhao H, Zhang M, Khan S, Zhao D. Regio‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Sulfone‐Bearing Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Pd‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1340-1345. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Khan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Meina Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Depeng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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20
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Khan A, Zhao H, Zhang M, Khan S, Zhao D. Regio‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Sulfone‐Bearing Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Pd‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Khan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Meina Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Xi'an Jiao Tong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Depeng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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21
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Kumar G, Qu ZW, Ghosh S, Grimme S, Chatterjee I. Boron Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydrothiolation of Conjugated Dienes with Thiols. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Indranil Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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22
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Kathe PM, Fleischer I. Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Isomerization/Hydrothiolation of Allylarenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2213-2217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad M. Kathe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ivana Fleischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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23
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Yang XH, Davison RT, Nie SZ, Cruz FA, McGinnis TM, Dong VM. Catalytic Hydrothiolation: Counterion-Controlled Regioselectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3006-3013. [PMID: 30735362 PMCID: PMC6563821 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this Article, we expand upon the catalytic hydrothiolation of 1,3-dienes to afford either allylic or homoallylic sulfides with high regiocontrol. Mechanistic studies support a pathway in which regioselectivity is dictated by the choice of counterion associated with the Rh center. Non-coordinating counterions, such as SbF6-, allow for η4-diene coordination to Rh complexes and result in allylic sulfides. In contrast, coordinating counterions, such as Cl-, favor neutral Rh complexes in which the diene binds η2 to afford homoallylic sulfides. We propose mechanisms that rationalize a fractional dependence on thiol for the 1,2-Markovnikov hydrothiolation while accounting for an inverse dependence on thiol in the 3,4- anti-Markovnikov pathway. Through the hydrothiolation of an essential oil (β-farnesene), we achieve the first enantioselective synthesis of (-)-agelasidine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ryan T. Davison
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Shao-Zhen Nie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Faben A. Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Tristan M. McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vy M. Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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24
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Barbero M, Dughera S, Alberti S, Ghigo G. A simple, direct synthesis of 3-vinylindoles from the carbocation-catalysed dehydrative cross-coupling of ketones and indoles. A combined experimental and computational study. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Feng L, Ye R, Yuan T, Zhang X, Lu GP, Zhou B. A concerted addition mechanism in [Hmim]Br-triggered thiol–ene reactions: a typical “ionic liquid effect” revealed by DFT and experimental studies. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05674a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The π+–π and H-bond interactions between [Hmim]Br and substrates promote a special one-step addition mechanism in thiol–ene reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Renlong Ye
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Guo-ping Lu
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Baojing Zhou
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology Xiaolingwei 200
- Nanjing
- China
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26
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Bayne JM, Fasano V, Szkop KM, Ingleson MJ, Stephan DW. Phosphorous(v) Lewis acids: water/base tolerant P 3-trimethylated trications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12467-12470. [PMID: 30335095 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06564k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The water/base intolerance of the previously reported electrophilic phosphonium cations has been overcome by replacing the labile electron-withdrawing groups generally attached to phosphorus (e.g. -F, -OAr, -CF3) with methyl groups. Tri-phosphorus(v) tricationic species, accessible in one-pot from commercially available materials, are air and water/base tolerant, yet are sufficiently Lewis acidic for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Bayne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S 3H6, Canada.
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan N. Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Christopher B. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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28
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Mayer RJ, Hampel N, Mayer P, Ofial AR, Mayr H. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Amino-Substituted Benzhydrylium Ions - A Link between Ordinary Carbocations and Neutral Electrophiles. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Mayer
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Nathalie Hampel
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Germany
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29
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Siddaraju Y, Prabhu KR. Iodine-Catalyzed Chemoselective C–N Bond-Forming Reactions Using Benzylic or Cinnamyl Alcohols with Heterocyclic Thiols and Thiones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11145-11153. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Siddaraju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Kandikere Ramaiah Prabhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
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30
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Jupp AR, Johnstone TC, Stephan DW. The global electrophilicity index as a metric for Lewis acidity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7029-7035. [PMID: 29737357 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01699b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The global electrophilicity index, GEI, is used as a general, quantitative and base-independent metric of Lewis acidity. This parameter has been benchmarked against the established fluoride ion affinity, FIA, for a range of 22 neutral and cationic Lewis acids from across the p-block, including boranes, trityl derivatives, phosphonium cations and sulfoxonium cations. As a demonstration of utility, the GEI is used to catalogue a library of fluoroaryl boranes as it provides a rapid tool for the comparison of a series of Lewis acids featuring peripheral substituent variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Jupp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6.
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31
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Siddaraju Y, Prabhu KR. Iodine-Catalyzed Chemoselective Hydroamination Reaction Using 5-Mercaptotetrazoles Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4908-4917. [PMID: 31458707 PMCID: PMC6641749 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free chemoselective hydroamination of styrene derivatives has been achieved with high chemoselectivity over sulfenylation of 1H-tetrazole-5-thiol using a catalytic amount of iodine. The scope of this methodology has been extended for the hydroamination of α-substituted styrene derivatives. This reaction involves a single-step C-N-bond formation under atom economical process. This eco-friendly method uses readily available and inexpensive iodine in a catalytic amount.
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32
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Zhu W, Sun Q, Wang Y, Yuan D, Yao Y. Chemo- and Regioselective Hydroarylation of Alkenes with Aromatic Amines Catalyzed by [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]. Org Lett 2018; 20:3101-3104. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Fraser C, Young RD. Stable Carbocation Generated via 2,5-Cyclohexadien-1-one Protonation. J Org Chem 2018; 83:505-509. [PMID: 29206035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protonation of a substituted cyclohexadien-1-one (1) leads to the generation of carbocation [3]+, capable of effecting hydride abstraction and oxidation reactions. The molecular structure of [3]+ shows it to be structurally similar to [(p-MeO-C6H4)Ph2C]+. The ability to easily access [3]+ from stable and available precursors, such as 1 and commercially available acids, may allow a wider application of the growing number of trityl-based reactions in organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fraser
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Rowan D Young
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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34
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Nishiya M, Funada R, Ohta S, Okazaki M. Transformation of Tertiary Amines at a Cationic [CCH] Subunit Stabilized by Coordination with a Tetrairon Core. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Nishiya
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Ryo Funada
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Shun Ohta
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masaaki Okazaki
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
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35
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Choudhuri K, Mandal A, Mal P. Aerial dioxygen activation vs. thiol–ene click reaction within a system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3759-3762. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
By choosing appropriate reaction systems using solvents with additives or solvent free neat conditions, any one of the Markovnikov or anti-Markovnikov selective thiol–ene click (TEC) reactions and the synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides via aerial dioxygen activation could be achieved exclusively in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khokan Choudhuri
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- India
| | - Arkalekha Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- India
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36
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Eremin DB, Ananikov VP. Understanding active species in catalytic transformations: From molecular catalysis to nanoparticles, leaching, “Cocktails” of catalysts and dynamic systems. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Zhou J, Cao LL, Liu LL, Stephan DW. FLP reactivity of [Ph 3C] + and (o-tolyl) 3P and the capture of a Staudinger reaction intermediate. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:9334-9338. [PMID: 28548663 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01726j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) derived from the trityl cation and (o-tolyl)3P effects the activation of 1,4-cyclohexadiene and 1-bromo-4-ethynylbenzene and heterolytically cleaves the S-S bond of diphenyl disulfide. The FLP also captures pentafluorophenyl azide as the Staudinger reaction intermediate, a species that reacts with Ph3SiH to give the silyl analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Levy L Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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38
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Fasano V, Curless LD, Radcliffe JE, Ingleson MJ. Frustrated Lewis Pair Mediated 1,2-Hydrocarbation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9202-9206. [PMID: 28608991 PMCID: PMC5577509 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry enables a rare example of alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation with N-methylacridinium salts as the carbon Lewis acid. This 1,2-hydrocarbation process does not proceed through a concerted mechanism as in alkyne syn-hydroboration, or through an intramolecular 1,3-hydride migration as operates in the only other reported alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation reaction. Instead, in this study, alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation proceeds by a novel mechanism involving alkyne dehydrocarbation with a carbon Lewis acid based FLP to form the new C-C bond. Subsequently, intermolecular hydride transfer occurs, with the Lewis acid component of the FLP acting as a hydride shuttle that enables alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Liam D. Curless
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - James E. Radcliffe
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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39
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Fasano V, Curless LD, Radcliffe JE, Ingleson MJ. Frustrated Lewis Pair Mediated 1,2-Hydrocarbation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Liam D. Curless
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - James E. Radcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Michael J. Ingleson
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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40
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Szkop KM, Stephan DW. Metal-free pincer ligand chemistry polycationic phosphonium Lewis acids. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:3921-3928. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation with or without subsequent methylation of the pyridine of 2,6-bis(diphenylphosphine)methyl pyridine affords di- and tricationic phosphonium salts. These species are used as Lewis acid catalysts for the dimerization of 1,1-diphenylethylene, the hydrodefluorination of 1-fluoroadamantane, and the dehydrocoupling of phenol and silane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Szkop
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada M5S 3H6
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41
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LaFortune JHW, Bayne JM, Johnstone TC, Fan L, Stephan DW. Catalytic double hydroarylation of alkynes to 9,9-disubstituted 9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives by an electrophilic phenoxyphosphonium dication. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:13312-13315. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrophilic pyridinium-substituted phenoxyphosphonium dicationic salt catalyzes the double hydroarylation of alkynes with diarylamines to give dihydroacridine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia M. Bayne
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Ontario M5S 3H6
- Canada
| | | | - Louie Fan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Ontario M5S 3H6
- Canada
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Ontario M5S 3H6
- Canada
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Fasano V, Radcliffe JE, Curless LD, Ingleson MJ. N-Methyl-Benzothiazolium Salts as Carbon Lewis Acids for Si-H σ-Bond Activation and Catalytic (De)hydrosilylation. Chemistry 2017; 23:187-193. [PMID: 27780294 PMCID: PMC5396135 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
N-Me-Benzothiazolium salts are introduced as a new family of Lewis acids able to activate Si-H σ bonds. These carbon-centred Lewis acids were demonstrated to have comparable Lewis acidity towards hydride as found for the triarylboranes widely used in Si-H σ-bond activation. However, they display low Lewis acidity towards hard Lewis bases such as Et3 PO and H2 O in contrast to triarylboranes. The N-Me-benzothiazolium salts are effective catalysts for a range of hydrosilylation and dehydrosilylation reactions. Judicious selection of the C2 aryl substituent in these cations enables tuning of the steric and electronic environment around the electrophilic centre to generate more active catalysts. Finally, related benzoxazolium and benzimidazolium salts were found also to be active for Si-H bond activation and as catalysts for the hydrosilylation of imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | | | - Liam D. Curless
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
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Fleige M, Möbus J, vom Stein T, Glorius F, Stephan DW. Lewis acid catalysis: catalytic hydroboration of alkynes initiated by Piers' borane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10830-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05360b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Terminal and internal alkynes are efficiently hydroborated to (E)-alkenyl pinacol boronic esters with excellent yields and selectivities using Piers' borane, (HB(C6F5)2) as a pre-catalyst for the dissymmetrically gem-diborylated catalyst of the form RCH2CR′(Bpin)(B(C6F5)2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Fleige
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Juri Möbus
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | | | - Frank Glorius
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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