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Madanayake SN, Manipura A, Thakuria R, Adassooriya NM. Opportunities and Challenges in Mechanochemical Cocrystallization toward Scaled-Up Pharmaceutical Manufacturing. Org Process Res Dev 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sithmi Nimashi Madanayake
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Aruna Manipura
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Nadeesh M. Adassooriya
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Cersonsky RK, Pakhnova M, Engel EA, Ceriotti M. A data-driven interpretation of the stability of organic molecular crystals. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1272-1285. [PMID: 36756329 PMCID: PMC9891366 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the subtle balance of intermolecular interactions that govern structure-property relations, predicting the stability of crystal structures formed from molecular building blocks is a highly non-trivial scientific problem. A particularly active and fruitful approach involves classifying the different combinations of interacting chemical moieties, as understanding the relative energetics of different interactions enables the design of molecular crystals and fine-tuning of their stabilities. While this is usually performed based on the empirical observation of the most commonly encountered motifs in known crystal structures, we propose to apply a combination of supervised and unsupervised machine-learning techniques to automate the construction of an extensive library of molecular building blocks. We introduce a structural descriptor tailored to the prediction of the binding (lattice) energy and apply it to a curated dataset of organic crystals, exploiting its atom-centered nature to obtain a data-driven assessment of the contribution of different chemical groups to the lattice energy of the crystal. We then interpret this library using a low-dimensional representation of the structure-energy landscape and discuss selected examples of the insights into crystal engineering that can be extracted from this analysis, providing a complete database to guide the design of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose K. Cersonsky
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling (COSMO), École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Maria Pakhnova
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling (COSMO), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Edgar A. Engel
- TCM Group, Trinity College, Cambridge UniversityCambridgeUK
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling (COSMO), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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3
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Xia YF, Lin ST, Zhang JR, Jiang CJ. The crystal structure of oxalic acid – 2-ethoxybenzamide (2/1), C 20H 24N 2O 8. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C20H24N2O8, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 3.8981(3) Å, b = 16.0675(11) Å, c = 16.2908(10) Å, β = 94.537(3)°, V = 1017.14(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0634, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1746, T = 170 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Fan Xia
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University of Science and Technology , Hangzhou , Liuhe Road 318# , China
| | - Shu-Ting Lin
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University of Science and Technology , Hangzhou , Liuhe Road 318# , China
| | - Jia-Rong Zhang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University of Science and Technology , Hangzhou , Liuhe Road 318# , China
| | - Cheng-Jun Jiang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University of Science and Technology , Hangzhou , Liuhe Road 318# , China
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4
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Gohel SK, Palanisamy V, Sanphui P, Prakash M, Singh GP, Chernyshev V. Isostructural cocrystals of metaxalone with improved dissolution characteristics. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30689-30700. [PMID: 35479860 PMCID: PMC9041148 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle relaxant and pain reliever metaxalone (MET) is a biopharmaceutical classification systems (BCS) class II drug with poor aqueous solubility and high permeability. The presence of an aromatic skeleton and cyclic carboxamate moiety are the probable reasons for the decreased aqueous solubility, which impacts on its low bioavailability. A high dose (800 mg) of the drug often creates adverse side effects on the central nervous system that needs urgent remedy. Cocrystallization of MET with nicotinamide (NAM), salicylamide (SAM), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) resulted in multicomponent solids that were characterized by PXRD, DSC and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Cocrystals with SAM and NAM form 2D isostructural cocrystals, whereas with HBA the result is a differently packed cocrystal hydrate (or anisole hemisolvate) depending upon the crystallization medium. Similar to the reported MET cocrystals, these cocrystals also confirm the preference for an imide⋯imide homosynthon in the drug. The dominance of the drug–drug homodimer over drug-coformer heterodimers was demonstrated based on binding energy calculations. Further, powder dissolution experiments in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer indicate that the cocrystals improved the apparent solubility compared to the native drug by 3–9 fold. The absence of stronger heterosynthons between MET and the coformers, their lower melting points and the high solubility of the coformers are the probable reasons for the enhanced solubility of the bioactive component. The MET–NAM cocrystal exhibited the highest solubility/dissolution rate among the three binary solid forms, which may offer improved bioavailability and a lower dose with minimal side effects. Metaxalone forms isostructural cocrystals with nicotinamide and salicylamide that offer a solubility advantage compared to the native drug. A drug–drug homosynthon is retained in all the cocrystal structures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasanthi Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Palash Sanphui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Muthuramalingam Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Girij Pal Singh
- Lupin Limited, Lupin Research Park Pune-412115 Maharashtra India
| | - Vladimir Chernyshev
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University 1-3 Leninskie Gory Moscow 119991 Russian Federation .,A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS 31 Leninsky Prospect Moscow 119071 Russian Federation
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5
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Garg U, Azim Y. Challenges and opportunities of pharmaceutical cocrystals: a focused review on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:705-721. [PMID: 34124670 PMCID: PMC8152597 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the review is to discuss the relevant and essential aspects of pharmaceutical cocrystals in both academia and industry with an emphasis on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although cocrystals have been prepared for a plethora of drugs, NSAID cocrystals are focused due to their humongous application in different fields of medication such as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiplatelet, antitumor, and anti-carcinogenic drugs. The highlights of the review are (a) background of cocrystals and other solid forms of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) based on the principles of crystal engineering, (b) why cocrystals are an excellent opportunity in the pharma industry, (c) common methods of preparation of cocrystals from the lab scale to bulk quantity, (d) some latest case studies of NSAIDs which have shown better physicochemical properties for example; mechanical properties (tabletability), hydration, solubility, bioavailability, and permeability, and (e) latest guidelines of the US FDA and EMA opening new opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Garg
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Yasser Azim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India
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6
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Mechanochemical and solution syntheses of two novel cocrystals of orcinol with two N,N′-Dipyridines: Structural diversity with varying ligand flexibility. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Mechanochemical Syntheses of Isostructural Luminescent Cocrystals of 9-Anthracenecarboxylic Acid with two Dipyridines Coformers. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tuning and controlling the solid-state photophysical properties of organic luminophore are very important to develop next-generation organic luminescent materials. With the aim of discovering new functional luminescent materials, new cocrystals of 9-anthracene carboxylic acid (ACA) were prepared with two different dipyridine coformers: 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane. The cocrystals were successfully obtained by both mechanochemical approaches and conventional solvent crystallization. The newly obtained crystalline solids were characterized thoroughly using a combination of single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Structural analysis revealed that the cocrystals are isostructural, exhibiting two-fold interpenetrated hydrogen bonded networks. While the O–H···N hydrogen bonds adopts a primary role in the stabilization of the cocrystal phases, the C–H···O hydrogen bonding interactions appear to play a significant role in guiding the three-dimensional assembly. Both π···π and C–H···π interactions assist in stabilizing the interpenetrated structure. The photoluminescence properties of both the starting materials and cocrystals were examined in their solid states. All the cocrystals display tunable photophysical properties as compared to pure ACA. Density functional theory simulations suggest that the modified optical properties result from charge transfers between the ACA and coformer molecules in each case. This study demonstrates the potential of crystal engineering to design solid-state luminescence switching materials through cocrystallization.
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8
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Qu H, Pan L, Sun Y, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Lin H. Supramolecular Assemblies of Three New Metronidazole Derivatives Constructed with Various Dihydroxy-benzoic Acids via Hydrogen Bonds. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Aitipamula S, Das S. Cocrystal formulations: A case study of topical formulations consisting of ferulic acid cocrystals. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Ranjan S, Devarapalli R, Kundu S, Saha S, Deolka S, Vangala VR, Reddy CM. Isomorphism: 'molecular similarity to crystal structure similarity' in multicomponent forms of analgesic drugs tolfenamic and mefenamic acid. IUCRJ 2020; 7:173-183. [PMID: 32148846 PMCID: PMC7055380 DOI: 10.1107/s205225251901604x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs mefenamic acid (MFA) and tolfenamic acid (TFA) have a close resemblance in their molecular scaffold, whereby a methyl group in MFA is substituted by a chloro group in TFA. The present study demonstrates the isomorphous nature of these compounds in a series of their multicomponent solids. Furthermore, the unique nature of MFA and TFA has been demonstrated while excavating their alternate solid forms in that, by varying the drug (MFA or TFA) to coformer [4-di-methyl-amino-pyridine (DMAP)] stoichiometric ratio, both drugs have produced three different types of multicomponent crystals, viz. salt (1:1; API to coformer ratio), salt hydrate (1:1:1) and cocrystal salt (2:1). Interestingly, as anticipated from the close similarity of TFA and MFA structures, these multicomponent solids have shown an isomorphous relation. A thorough characterization and structural investigation of the new multicomponent forms of MFA and TFA revealed their similarity in terms of space group and structural packing with isomorphic nature among the pairs. Herein, the experimental results are generalized in a broader perspective for predictably identifying any possible new forms of comparable compounds by mapping their crystal structure landscapes. The utility of such an approach is evident from the identification of polymorph VI of TFA from hetero-seeding with isomorphous MFA form I from acetone-methanol (1:1) solution. That aside, a pseudopolymorph of TFA with di-methyl-formamide (DMF) was obtained, which also has some structural similarity to that of the solvate MFA:DMF. These new isostructural pairs are discussed in the context of solid form screening using structural landscape similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Ranjan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Ramesh Devarapalli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Sudeshna Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, India
| | - Subhankar Saha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Shubham Deolka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Venu R. Vangala
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Engineering Science, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
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11
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Screening, crystal structures and solubility studies of a series of multidrug salt hydrates and cocrystals of fenamic acids with trimethoprim and sulfamethazine. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Sarmah KK, Nath N, Rao DR, Thakuria R. Mechanochemical synthesis of drug–drug and drug–nutraceutical multicomponent solids of olanzapine. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01504c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug–drug and drug–nutraceutical multicomponent solids of an antipsychotic drug olanzapine (OLN) are prepared using mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilamoni Nath
- Department of Chemistry
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati 781014
- India
| | | | - Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati 781014
- India
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13
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Chaves Júnior JV, Dos Santos JAB, Lins TB, de Araújo Batista RS, de Lima Neto SA, de Santana Oliveira A, Nogueira FHA, Gomes APB, de Sousa DP, de Souza FS, Aragão CFS. A New Ferulic Acid-Nicotinamide Cocrystal With Improved Solubility and Dissolution Performance. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:1330-1337. [PMID: 31821823 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Among the various strategies for increasing aqueous solubility of pharmaceutical substances, cocrystals have been emerging as a promising alternative. The ferulic acid (FEA) is a molecule with limited aqueous solubility, but with an interesting pharmacological activity, highlighting its antitumor potential. This study presents the characterization and physicochemical properties of a new cocrystal based on FEA and nicotinamide (NIC). The FEA-NIC cocrystal was obtained by solvent evaporation technique and physicochemically characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. The content determination and dissolution profile in different media were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results obtained with the characterization techniques indicated the obtainment of an anhydrous cocrystal of FEA and NIC at a 1:1 molar ratio. The method was reproducible and obtained a high yield, of approximately 99%. In addition, a 70% increase in the FEA solubility in the cocrystal and a better dissolution performance than the physical mixture in pH 6.8 were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Venâncio Chaves Júnior
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil
| | - Jonh Anderson Borges Dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil
| | - Taynara Batista Lins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Artur de Santana Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil
| | - Fernando Henrique Andrade Nogueira
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Barreto Gomes
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Santos de Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Cícero Flávio Soares Aragão
- Department of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-115, Brazil.
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14
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Przybyłek M, Recki Ł, Mroczyńska K, Jeliński T, Cysewski P. Experimental and theoretical solubility advantage screening of bi-component solid curcumin formulations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Thakuria R, Arhangelskis M, Eddleston MD, Chow EHH, Sarmah KK, Aldous BJ, Krzyzaniak JF, Jones W. Cocrystal Dissociation under Controlled Humidity: A Case Study of Caffeine–Glutaric Acid Cocrystal Polymorphs. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mark D. Eddleston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ernest H. H. Chow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | | | - Barry J. Aldous
- Antiva Biosciences, Inc., 6000 Shoreline Court, Suite 203, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph F. Krzyzaniak
- The Pfizer Institute for Pharmaceutical Materials Science, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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16
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Frank DS, Matzger AJ. Effect of Polymer Hydrophobicity on the Stability of Amorphous Solid Dispersions and Supersaturated Solutions of a Hydrophobic Pharmaceutical. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:682-688. [PMID: 30645134 PMCID: PMC6545895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions of pharmaceuticals often show improved solubility over crystalline forms. However, the crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions during storage, or from elevated supersaturation once dissolved, compromise the solubility advantage of delivery in the amorphous phase. To combat this phenomenon, polymer additives are often included in solid dispersions to inhibit crystallization; however, the optimal properties for polymer to stabilize against crystallization are not fully understood, and furthermore, it is not known how inhibition of precipitation from solution is related to the propensity of a polymer to inhibit crystallization from the amorphous phase. Here, polymers of varied hydrophobicity are employed as crystallization inhibitors in supersaturated solutions and amorphous solid dispersions of the BCS Class II pharmaceutical ethenzamide to investigate the chemical features of polymer that lead to long-term stability for a hydrophobic pharmaceutical. A postpolymerization functionalization strategy was employed to alter the hydrophobicity of poly( N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) without changing physical properties such as number-average chain length. It was found that supersaturation maintenance for ethenzamide is improved by increasing the hydrophobicity of dissolved polymer in aqueous solution. Furthermore, amorphous solid dispersions of ethenzamide containing a more hydrophobic polymer showed superior stability compared to those containing a less hydrophobic polymer. This trend of increasing polymer hydrophobicity leading to improved amorphous stability is interpreted by parsing the effects of water absorption in amorphous solid dispersions using intermolecular interaction strengths derived from global structural analysis. By comparing the structure-function relationships, which dictate stability in solution and amorphous solid dispersions, the effect of hydrophobicity can be broadly understood for the design of polymers to impart stability throughout the application of amorphous solid dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S. Frank
- Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Science & Engineering Program, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Adam J. Matzger
- Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Science & Engineering Program, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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17
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Gołdyn M, Larowska D, Nowak W, Bartoszak-Adamska E. Synthon hierarchy in theobromine cocrystals with hydroxybenzoic acids as coformers. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystals, solids composed of molecular and/or ionic compounds connected by noncovalent interactions, are objects of interest in crystal engineering. Theobromine, as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, was used in cocrystallization with dihydroxybenzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gołdyn
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Daria Larowska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Weronika Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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18
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Nechipadappu SK, Trivedi DR. Cocrystal of nutraceutical sinapic acid with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ethenzamide and 2-chloro-4-Nitrobenzoic acid: Equilibrium solubility and stability study. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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19
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Saha S, Desiraju GR. Acid···Amide Supramolecular Synthon in Cocrystals: From Spectroscopic Detection to Property Engineering. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6361-6373. [PMID: 29697258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The acid···amide dimer heterosynthon in cocrystals of aromatic acids and primary amides is identified by marker peaks in the IR spectra that are characteristic of individual N-H···O and O-H···O interactions and also of the extended synthon. The O-H···O hydrogen bond is crucial to heterodimer formation in contrast to the N-H···O bond. A combinatorial study, tuning the chemical nature of acid and amide functionalities, leads to 22 cocrystals out of 36 crystallization attempts. Four quadrants I-IV are defined based on acidity and basicity of the acid and amide components. The strong acid-strong base combination in quadrant I favors the planar acid···amide heterodimer in its eight cocrystals. Quadrant IV with its weak acid-weak base combination is the least favored for the planar heterosynthon and synthon diversity is observed in the eight cocrystals obtained. The strong-weak and weak-strong combinations in quadrants II and III are expectedly ambivalent. This exercise highlights the effect of molecular features on supramolecular behavior. Quadrant I crystals, with their propensity for the planar acid···amide heterodimer are suitable for the engineering of crystals that can be sheared. This quadrant favors the formation of elastic crystals too. The overall result is that 57% (4 in 7) of all crystals in this quadrant are deformable, compared with 14% (1 in 7) in the three other quadrants. This work is a complete crystal engineering exercise from synthon identification to a particular desired crystal packing to property selection. One can virtually anticipate the mechanical property of a putative acid···amide cocrystal from a knowledge of just the molecular structures of the constituent acid and amide molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Saha
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012 , India
| | - Gautam R Desiraju
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012 , India
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Yu Q, Yan Z, Bao J, Wang JR, Mei X. Taming photo-induced oxidation degradation of dihydropyridine drugs through cocrystallization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:12266-12269. [PMID: 29058012 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06992h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystallization of nifedipine (NFD) and isonicotinamide (INA) resulted in two monotropic cocrystal polymorphs. The thermodynamically more stable polymorph presents superior photostability compared to the other. Cocrystallization can be an efficient approach to address the stability deficit of dihydropyridine drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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21
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Drug‑Drug and Drug‑Nutraceutical Cocrystal/Salt as Alternative Medicine for Combination Therapy: A Crystal Engineering Approach. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Bhattacharya B, Mondal A, Soni SR, Das S, Bhunia S, Bal Raju K, Ghosh A, Malla Reddy C. Multidrug salt forms of norfloxacin with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: solubility and membrane permeability studies. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00900g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution properties and membrane permeability studies were conducted for four newly prepared multidrug salts of norfloxacin with four NSAIDs, diclofenac, diflunisal, mefenamic acid and indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Amit Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Saundray Raj Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi 835215
- India
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - K. Bal Raju
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi 835215
- India
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur Campus
- Nadia-741246
- India
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23
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Sarmah KK, Rajbongshi T, Bhowmick S, Thakuria R. First-line antituberculosis drug, pyrazinamide, its pharmaceutically relevant cocrystals and a salt. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:1007-1016. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617011477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A few pyrazinamide (Pyz) cocrystals involving hydroxybenzoic/cinnamic acid derivatives [2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (24DHBA); 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (26DHBA); 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (35DHBA) and nutraceutical molecule ferulic acid (FRA)] and the first example of a molecular salt with p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) have been prepared and characterized using various solid-state techniques. A high-temperature cocrystal polymorph of Pyz·FRA has been characterized from the endothermic peaks observed using differential scanning calorimetry. The presence of substituent groups carrying hydrogen bond donors or acceptors and their influence on supramolecular synthon formation has been investigated using a Cambridge Structural Database search. Equilibrium solubility of all the binary complexes of Pyz follows the order of their coformer solubility, i.e. Pyz+·pTSA− > Pyz·35DHBA > Pyz > Pyz·26DHBA > Pyz·24DHBA > Pyz·FRA. A twofold enhancement in solubility of Pyz+·pTSA− molecular salt compared with the parent drug suggests a potential drug formulation for the treatment of tuberculosis.
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24
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Khatioda R, Saikia B, Das PJ, Sarma B. Solubility and in vitro drug permeation behavior of ethenzamide cocrystals regulated in physiological pH environments. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01626c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug release behavior of few ethenzamide cocrystals was investigated at different pH buffers. Change in lipophilic behavior and conformational adjustment of drug along with supramolecular synthons were probed for their improved drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Khatioda
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Basanta Saikia
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Pranab Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Bipul Sarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
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