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Fang Y, Wang HM, Gu YX, Yu L, Wang AJ, Yuan PX, Feng JJ. Highly Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Luminophore Generated by Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8-Linked Porphyrin and Its Application for Thrombin Detection. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3206-3212. [PMID: 31939299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel and distinct enhancement in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signals of advanced organic luminophores are of importance for expanding their applications in early diagnosis. This work reported the construction of an ultrasensitive label-free ECL aptasensor for thrombin (TB) detection by grafting zinc proto-porphyrin IX (ZnP) onto an aminated zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (defined as ZnP-NH-ZIF-8 for clarity) as the luminophore. The structure and optical properties of the resulting ZnP-NH-ZIF-8 were carefully characterized. For that, there appeared to be weak ECL radiation for ZnP in dichloromethane (DCM) containing tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) because of the as-formed singlet-state oxygen via the "reduction-oxidation" route. More notably, the ECL signals display 153-times enhancement for ZnP-NH-ZIF-8, thanks to the excellent catalytic kinetics for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By virtue of the specific interactions of the TB aptamer (TBA) with the TB protein and the highly efficient catalysis of the ZnP-NH-ZIF-8 for ORR, the as-prepared aptasensor showed a wider linear range (0.1 fM∼1 pM) and a lower detection limit (ca. 58.6 aM). This work provides some useful guidelines for synthesis of an advanced organic luminophore with largely boosted ECL signals in ultrasensitive analysis and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Yi-Xin Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Pei-Xin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , China
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Abstract
Porphyrins are tetrapyrrolic aromatic macrocycles and ubiquitous in nature. They are excellent dyes with strong absorption in the visible region (400–700 nm) and they exhibit decent fluorescence in the red region (620–900 nm). Carbazole is a nitrogen-containing electron rich aromatic heterocycle which can be linked to porphyrins and other chromophores. This review provides an overview of the different synthetic strategies that have been employed to prepare carbazole-substituted porphyrins and carbazole-fused porphyrinoids and similar systems. It also shows that how the substitution of carbazole occurs on the porphyrin core can alter its optical and electronic features. Introduction of carbazole moieties in the porphyrin ring resulted in fused porphyrinoids with changed aromaticity and significantly altered electronic features of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Das
- The University of Burdwan, Rajbati, Bardhaman-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujrat, India
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Pu G, Yang Z, Wu Y, Wang Z, Deng Y, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Lu X. Investigation into the Oxygen-Involved Electrochemiluminescence of Porphyrins and Its Regulation by Peripheral Substituents/Central Metals. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2319-2328. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqiang Pu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yali Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Ze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yang Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - YunJing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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Alghooneh L, Eskandari M, Zakavi S, Omidyan R. Optical properties of β-brominated meso-tetraphenylporphyrins: Comparative experimental and computational studies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The UV-vis and fluorescence spectra of a series of [Formula: see text]-brominated derivatives of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (H[Formula: see text]TPPBr[Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) were used to investigate the steroelectronic effects of bromine atoms on the optical properties of H[Formula: see text]TPP. The wavelength and intensity of the absorption and emission bands were found to be influenced by the bromine atoms. The degree of configuration interaction between the S[Formula: see text] and S[Formula: see text] excited states and fluorescence quantum yield and their dependence on the bromine atoms were also studied. Computational studies based on density functional theory and time-dependent density functional approach (DFT and TD-DFT) support and provide an explanation for the spectral changes associated with the bromination of H[Formula: see text]TPP. Furthermore, the solvent effect on the spectral properties of higher degrees of [Formula: see text]-bromination was attributed to the formation of relatively strong hydrogen bonds between their saddle-distorted porphyrin cores and the solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Alghooneh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Prof. Yousef Sobouti Blvd., Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Mortaza Eskandari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Prof. Yousef Sobouti Blvd., Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Saeed Zakavi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Prof. Yousef Sobouti Blvd., Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Reza Omidyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran
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Ghanbari B, Shahhoseini L, Kubicki M. X-ray crystallographic, spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational studies on axially ligation of ZnTPP with pyridine derivative anchored to aza-crown macrocyclic ligand. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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