1
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Wu C. Temperature-Transferable Coarse-Grained Models for Volumetric Properties of Poly(lactic Acid). J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:358-370. [PMID: 38153413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
A new coarse-grained (CG) model, for which each monomer is mapped as one bead at its center of mass, was developed for simulating the volumetric properties of the polylactide (PLA) bulk. The three bonded CG potentials are first parametrized against the strain energies of the dimer, trimer, and tetramer, and the nonbonded CG potentials are then optimized to match the melt densities of the decamer. With the derived CG potentials, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are found to reproduce thermal expansion and glass transition. By rescaling the dihedral and nonbonded potentials with temperature-independent factors, the glass transition temperature (Tg) is also satisfactorily restored with little modifications on the volumetric expansive coefficients at both rubbery and glassy states. Therefore, the finally optimized CG potentials exhibit excellent temperature transferability, as rationalized by the Simha-Boyer relation. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the dihedral torsions and nonbonded interactions play key roles in glass transition. Also, the simulated bulk moduli and conformational properties in a wide temperature range compare well with the referenced data. The proposed multiscale scheme has great potential in simulating thermo-mechanical properties of PLA and other polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofu Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials, School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, P. R. China
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2
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McDonald J, von Spakovsky MR, Reynolds WT. Predicting Polymer Brush Behavior in Solvents Using the Steepest-Entropy-Ascent Quantum Thermodynamic Framework. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10370-10391. [PMID: 38006350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The steepest-entropy-ascent quantum thermodynamic (SEAQT) framework is utilized to study the effects of temperature on polymer brushes. The brushes are represented by a discrete energy spectrum, and energy degeneracies obtained through the replica-exchange Wang-Landau algorithm. The SEAQT equation of motion is applied to the density of states to establish a unique kinetic path from an initial thermodynamic state to a stable equilibrium state. The kinetic path describes the brush's evolution in state space, as it interacts with a thermal reservoir. The predicted occupation probabilities along the kinetic path are used to determine the expected thermodynamic and structural properties. The polymer density profile of a polystyrene brush in cyclohexane solvent is predicted using the equation of motion, and it agrees qualitatively with the experimental density profiles. The Flory-Huggins parameter chosen to describe brush-solvent interactions affects the solvent distribution in the brush but has a minimal impact on the polymer density profile. Three types of nonequilibrium kinetic paths with differing amounts of entropy production are considered: a heating path, a cooling path, and a heating-cooling path. Properties such as tortuosity, radius of gyration, brush density, solvent density, and brush chain conformations are calculated for each path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared McDonald
- Materials Science & Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - William T Reynolds
- Materials Science & Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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3
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Goswami M, Iyiola OO, Lu W, Hong K, Zolnierczuk P, Stingaciu LR, Heller WT, Taleb O, Sumpter BG, Hallinan DT. Understanding Interfacial Block Copolymer Structure and Dynamics. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monojoy Goswami
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Oluwagbenga Oare Iyiola
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics and Energy Center, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Piotr Zolnierczuk
- Juelich Center for Neutron Science, Outstation at the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, United States
| | - Laura-Roxana Stingaciu
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - William T. Heller
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Omar Taleb
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics and Energy Center, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
| | - Bobby G. Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Daniel T. Hallinan
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics and Energy Center, Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
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4
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Min Go E, Shin E, Son C, Lee J, Cha J, Kyu Kwak S. Theoretical Study on Enhancement of Heat Transfer of Nanofluids with Functionalized Graphene Flakes in Confined Nanopipe System. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Multiscale modeling of thermomechanical properties of stereoregular polymers. J Mol Model 2022; 28:214. [PMID: 35802186 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiscale coarse-grained (CG) models are expected to play the critical roles in molecular simulations of complex polymers. However, this poses a great challenge for accurately simulating their thermomechanical properties, for which excellent representability and transferability are required for the CG potentials. In this work, virtual sites and elastic network bonds are introduced to improve the structural and volumetric property-based CG models including explicit electrostatic interactions, which is exemplarily applied to the iso- and syndio-tactic poly(methyl methacrylate). A variety of thermomechanical properties of the two stereoregular polymer bulks are reasonably reproduced by the extensive molecular dynamics simulations with the so-parameterized CG potentials. In particular, the attractive nature of electrostatic interactions and tacticity effects on glass transition temperatures (Tg) are well captured. Furthermore, stronger electrostatic interactions lead to higher mass density and bulk modulus, and their effects on Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and shear modulus depend upon the chain tacticity. It is also demonstrated that all these elastic constants can be effectively modulated by imposing external electric field. The proposed multiscale scheme can be very valuable to molecular designs of polar polymer materials.
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6
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Xia J, Guo H. Construction of a quantitative relation between structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity by vibrational dynamics in glass-forming liquids and polymers. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10753-10764. [PMID: 34792079 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01049b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structural relaxation slows down drastically upon approaching the glass transition, accompanied by the significant growth of dynamic heterogeneity. The fundamental question of elusiveness and interest is whether there exists an underlying quantitative relationship between structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity. Here, we reveal that b̃ which is related to the reduced mean square displacements to overcome the energy barriers of activated jumps, instead of the kinetic fragility m, is the genuine key parameter connecting dynamic heterogeneity with structural relaxation for varying types of glass formers. Furthermore, based on the dependence of dynamic heterogeneity on the Debye-Waller factor we obtained a direct quantitative relation between dynamic heterogeneity and structural relaxation is built for different glass-forming liquids. More importantly, a scaling collapse of structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity is achieved by the important parameter b̃. These results are of fundamental and critical importance for developing a unified theory of glassy dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Wu C, Li K, Ning X, Zhang L. An Enhanced Scheme for Multiscale Modeling of Thermomechanical Properties of Polymer Bulks. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8612-8626. [PMID: 34291641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While multiscale modeling significantly enhances the capability of molecular simulations of polymer systems, it is well realized that the systematically derived coarse-grained (CG) models generally underestimate the thermomechanical properties. In this work, a charge-based mapping scheme has been adopted to include explicit electrostatic interactions and benchmarked against two typical polymers, atactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS). The CG potentials are parameterized against the oligomer bulks of nine monomers per chain to match the essential structural features and the two basic pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) properties, which are obtained from the all-atomistic (AA) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at a single elevated temperature. The so-parameterized CG potentials are extended with the MD method to simulate the two polymer bulks of one hundred monomers per chain over a wide temperature range. Without any scaling, all the simulated results, including mass densities and bulk moduli at room temperature, thermal expansion coefficients at rubbery and glassy states, and glass transition temperatures (Tg), compare well with the corresponding experimental data. The proposed scheme not only contributes to realistically simulating various thermomechanical properties of both apolar and polar polymers but also allows for directly simulating their electrical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofu Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials, School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000, P. R. China
| | - Kewen Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials, School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000, P. R. China
| | - Xutao Ning
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials, School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials, School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000, P. R. China
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8
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Zhang Z, Krajniak J, Ganesan V. A Multiscale Simulation Study of Influence of Morphology on Ion Transport in Block Copolymeric Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zidan Zhang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jakub Krajniak
- Independent researcher, os. Kosmonautow 13/56, 61-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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9
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Szukalo RJ, Noid WG. Investigating the energetic and entropic components of effective potentials across a glass transition. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:154004. [PMID: 33498016 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdff8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
By eliminating unnecessary details, coarse-grained (CG) models provide the necessary efficiency for simulating scales that are inaccessible to higher resolution models. However, because they average over atomic details, the effective potentials governing CG degrees of freedom necessarily incorporate significant entropic contributions, which limit their transferability and complicate the treatment of thermodynamic properties. This work employs a dual-potential approach to consider the energetic and entropic contributions to effective interaction potentials for CG models. Specifically, we consider one- and three-site CG models for ortho-terphenyl (OTP) both above and below its glass transition. We employ the multiscale coarse-graining (MS-CG) variational principle to determine interaction potentials that accurately reproduce the structural properties of an all-atom (AA) model for OTP at each state point. We employ an energy-matching variational principle to determine an energy operator that accurately reproduces the intra- and inter-molecular energy of the AA model. While the MS-CG pair potentials are almost purely repulsive, the corresponding pair energy functions feature a pronounced minima that corresponds to contacting benzene rings. These energetic functions then determine an estimate for the entropic component of the MS-CG interaction potentials. These entropic functions accurately predict the MS-CG pair potentials across a wide range of liquid state points at constant density. Moreover, the entropic functions also predict pair potentials that quite accurately model the AA pair structure below the glass transition. Thus, the dual-potential approach appears a promising approach for modeling AA energetics, as well as for predicting the temperature-dependence of CG effective potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Szukalo
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802 United States of America
| | - W G Noid
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802 United States of America
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10
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Wen C, Odle R, Cheng S. Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Modeling of a Branched Polyetherimide. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wen
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Roy Odle
- SABIC, 1 Lexan Lane, Mt. Vernon, Indiana 47620, United States
| | - Shengfeng Cheng
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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11
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Xia J, Guo H, Travesset A. On the Thermodynamic Stability of Binary Superlattices of Polystyrene-Functionalized Nanocrystals. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alex Travesset
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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12
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Wong CPJ, Choi P. Prediction of crossover in the molecular weight dependence of polyethylene viscosity using a polymer free volume theory. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7458-7469. [PMID: 32667010 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00752h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based upon the Doolittle concept that viscosity and free volume are inversely related, we used the Boltzmann equation along with a polymer free volume theory to calculate the viscosity (η) of polyethylene with three different molecular structures - linear, ring and four-arm symmetrical star - over a molecular weight (M) range of 420-14 000 g mol-1. Free volume parameters were estimated using the Polymer Reference Interaction Site Model (PRISM) and generic van der Waals (GvdW) equation. The polymer free volume theory was able to describe the crossovers in the molecular weight dependence of the viscosity of the aforementioned molecular structures. In particular, the crossover for the linear structure was predicted at about 3000 g mole-1 with η ∼ M1.5 in the unentangled regime and η ∼ M3.3 in the entangled regime that agree reasonably well with experiment. The predictions for the other two structures also agree with the available simulation data. We also demonstrated that the accuracy of the viscosity prediction was sensitive to the difference between two free volume parameters (i.e., (φ+ - F)). Here, F signifies the probability of a bead finding free volume greater than the critical free volume while the fraction of such beads (φ+) can be used to calculate the activation energy. The theory also reproduced the temperature dependence of η for the linear structure at different M, giving apparent activation energy (Eappa) values in the range of 5.30-7.70 kcal mole-1 that are in good agreement with experimental values of 5.50-6.75 kcal mole-1. This work demonstrates for the first time that viscosity of polymer melts can be determined from the polymer free volume theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Pui Jeremy Wong
- Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 1H9.
| | - Phillip Choi
- Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 1H9.
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13
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Lebold KM, Noid WG. Dual-potential approach for coarse-grained implicit solvent models with accurate, internally consistent energetics and predictive transferability. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:164113. [PMID: 31675902 DOI: 10.1063/1.5125246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The dual-potential approach promises coarse-grained (CG) models that accurately reproduce both structural and energetic properties, while simultaneously providing predictive estimates for the temperature-dependence of the effective CG potentials. In this work, we examine the dual-potential approach for implicit solvent CG models that reflect large entropic effects from the eliminated solvent. Specifically, we construct implicit solvent models at various resolutions, R, by retaining a fraction 0.10 ≤ R ≤ 0.95 of the molecules from a simple fluid of Lennard-Jones spheres. We consider the dual-potential approach in both the constant volume and constant pressure ensembles across a relatively wide range of temperatures. We approximate the many-body potential of mean force for the remaining solutes with pair and volume potentials, which we determine via multiscale coarse-graining and self-consistent pressure-matching, respectively. Interestingly, with increasing temperature, the pair potentials appear increasingly attractive, while the volume potentials become increasingly repulsive. The dual-potential approach not only reproduces the atomic energetics but also quite accurately predicts this temperature-dependence. We also derive an exact relationship between the thermodynamic specific heat of an atomic model and the energetic fluctuations that are observable at the CG resolution. With this generalized fluctuation relationship, the approximate CG models quite accurately reproduce the thermodynamic specific heat of the underlying atomic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Lebold
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - W G Noid
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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14
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Griffiths MZ, Shinoda W. tSPICA: Temperature- and Pressure-Dependent Coarse-Grained Force Field for Organic Molecules. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:3829-3838. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Z. Griffiths
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Wataru Shinoda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Hu C, Lu T, Guo H. Developing a Transferable Coarse-Grained Model for the Prediction of Thermodynamic, Structural, and Mechanical Properties of Polyimides at Different Thermodynamic State Points. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:2009-2025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Sciences and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Teng Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Sciences and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Sciences and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Lebold KM, Noid WG. Systematic study of temperature and density variations in effective potentials for coarse-grained models of molecular liquids. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:014104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Lebold
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - W. G. Noid
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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17
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Zhang Z, Krajniak J, Samaey G, Nies E. A Parallel Multiscale Simulation Framework for Complex Polymerization: AB
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‐Type Monomer Hyperbranched Polymerization as an Example. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201800102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zidan Zhang
- Division of Polymer Chemistry and Materials, Department of ChemistryKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200F B‐3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Jakub Krajniak
- Department of Computer ScienceKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200A B‐3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Giovanni Samaey
- Department of Computer ScienceKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200A B‐3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Erik Nies
- Division of Polymer Chemistry and Materials, Department of ChemistryKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200F B‐3001 Heverlee Belgium
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19
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Wu C. Multiscale Modeling Scheme for Simulating Polymeric Melts: Application to Poly(Ethylene Oxide). MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials; Hunan University of Humanities Science & Technology; Dixing Road 487, Louxing District Loudi 417000 Hunan Province P. R. China
- College of Materials and Environment Engineering; Hunan University of Humanities Science & Technology; Dixing Road 487, Louxing District Loudi 417000 Hunan Province P. R. China
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20
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Kuo AT, Okazaki S, Shinoda W. Transferable coarse-grained model for perfluorosulfonic acid polymer membranes. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:094904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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