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Nakka N, Kushavah D, Ghosh S, Kalyan Pal S. Photophysical, electrochemical and electron donating properties of rhodanine-3-acetic acid-linked structural isomers. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nagaraju N, Kushavah D, Kumar S, Ray R, Gambhir D, Ghosh S, Pal SK. Through structural isomerism: positional effect of alkyne functionality on molecular optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3303-3311. [PMID: 35050277 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Literature studies on the effects of alkyne functionality in manipulating the optical properties of donor-π-acceptor-type molecular scaffolds have been scarce compared to those on the alkene functional group. Here, two structurally isomeric donor-acceptor (D-A) dyes were synthesized to study the positional effect of alkyne functionality (triple bond) on their optical, electrochemical and charge generation properties in order to design efficient dyes for possible application in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These dyes, named CAPC and PACC, contain carbazole and cyanoacrylic acid as the donor and acceptor units, respectively, and the π-conjugation length within the molecules was controlled by the introduction of an alkyne group. The D-π-A design was followed in designing CAPC with the alkyne serving as the π-spacer, while in PACC, alkyne was placed on the donor, which was directly in conjugation with the acceptor. This rendered equal conjugation lengths within the designed dyes. With the help of photophysical characterizations, it was concluded that CAPC featured better characteristics for a DSSC dye than PACC. Our conclusions were further supported by the results of transient absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical analysis, fluorescence lifetime studies and density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakka Nagaraju
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Dushyant Kushavah
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Rajeev Ray
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Diksha Gambhir
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
| | - Suman Kalyan Pal
- School of Basic Sciences, Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, H.P, 175005, India.
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Habib M, Saha S, Sarkar R, Pramanik A, Sarkar P, Pal S. Computational design of some TTF-substituted acene-based dyes for solar cell application using hollow ZnO quantum dot as acceptor. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cole JM, Blood-Forsythe MA, Lin TC, Pattison P, Gong Y, Vázquez-Mayagoitia Á, Waddell PG, Zhang L, Koumura N, Mori S. Discovery of S···C≡N Intramolecular Bonding in a Thiophenylcyanoacrylate-Based Dye: Realizing Charge Transfer Pathways and Dye···TiO 2 Anchoring Characteristics for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25952-25961. [PMID: 28692246 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Donor-π-acceptor dyes containing thiophenyl π-conjugated units and cyanoacrylate acceptor groups are among the best-performing organic chromophores used in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) applications. Yet, the molecular origins of their high photovoltaic output have remained unclear until now. This synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction study elucidates these origins for the high-performance thiophenylcyanoacrylate-based dye MK-2 (7.7% DSC device efficiency) and its molecular building block, MK-44. The crystal structures of MK-2 and MK-44 are both determined, while a high-resolution charge-density mapping of the smaller molecule was also possible, enabling the nature of its bonding to be detailed. A strong S···C≡N intramolecular interaction is discovered, which bears a bond critical point, thus proving that this interaction should be formally classified as a chemical bond. A topological analysis of the π-conjugated portion of MK-44 shows that this S···C≡N bonding underpins the highly efficient intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in thiophenylcyanoacrylate dyes. This manifests as two bipartite ICT pathways bearing carboxylate and nitrile end points. In turn, these pathways dictate a preferred COO/CN anchoring mode for the dye as it adsorbs onto TiO2 surfaces, to form the dye···TiO2 interface that constitutes the DSC working electrode. These results corroborate a recent proposal that all cyanoacrylate groups anchor onto TiO2 in this COO/CN binding configuration. Conformational analysis of the MK-44 and MK-2 crystal structures reveals that this S···C≡N bonding will persist in MK-2. Accordingly, this newly discovered bond affords a rational explanation for the attractive photovoltaic properties of MK-2. More generally, this study provides the first unequivocal evidence for an S···C≡N interaction, confirming previous speculative assignments of such interactions in other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Cole
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge , West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Martin A Blood-Forsythe
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Tze-Chia Lin
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Pattison
- Swiss Norwegian Beamlines, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yun Gong
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul G Waddell
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Nagatoshi Koumura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Shogo Mori
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Shinshu University, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology , Ueda, Nagano 3868567, Japan
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Liu Y, Yun S, Zhou X, Hou Y, Zhang T, Li J, Hagfeldt A. Intrinsic Origin of Superior Catalytic Properties of Tungsten-based Catalysts in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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