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Vasiļevska A, Slanina T. Structure-property-function relationships of stabilized and persistent C- and N-based triaryl radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:252-264. [PMID: 38086625 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05706b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Structurally similar C- and N-based triaryl radicals are among the most commonly used structural motifs in stable, open-shell, organic molecules. The application of such species is associated with their stability, properties and structural design. This study summarizes the basic stabilization and persistence principles of C- and N-based triaryl radicals and highlights recent advances in design strategies of radicals tailored for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vasiļevska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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2
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Grybauskaitė-Kaminskienė G, Dudkaitė V, Bagdžiūnas G. Photophysical and semiconducting properties of isomeric triphenylimidazole derivatives with a benzophenone moiety. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New isomeric compounds with imidazole and benzophenone moieties were synthesized and their thermal, photophysical, electrochemical and carrier mobilities have been analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vygailė Dudkaitė
- Group of Supramolecular Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdžiūnas
- Group of Supramolecular Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Functional Materials and Electronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Ballesteros P, Cuadrado A, Gilabert A, Fajarí L, Sirés I, Brillas E, Almajano MP, Velasco D, Anglada JM, Juliá L. Formation of a stable biradical triplet state cation versus a closed shell singlet state cation by oxidation of adducts of 3,6-dimethoxycarbazole and polychlorotriphenylmethyl radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20225-20231. [PMID: 31490516 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental and theoretical study of two stable radical adducts of the triphenylmethyl series, 1 and 2, whose composition and molecular structure are distinguished by the content and position of chlorine atoms in phenyls. The electrochemical study through cyclic voltammetry of these open layer species shows the existence of two reversible processes, related to reduction and oxidation, to stable charged species. The chemical oxidation of both radical adducts gives rise to stable cations, whose fundamental state has a biradical triplet electronic structure or a closed shell singlet character, depending on the electronic conjugation between the donor and acceptor electron moieties. The presence of chlorines adjacent to the nitrogen in 1 breaks the conjugation between both halves, facilitating the formation of a triplet electronic state of the cation, while the absence of chlorines in these positions in 2 facilitates partial conjugation and stabilizes the closed shell singlet electronic state of the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ballesteros
- Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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4
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Kunkel C, Schober C, Oberhofer H, Reuter K. Knowledge discovery through chemical space networks: the case of organic electronics. J Mol Model 2019; 25:87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Vigante B, Leitonas K, Volyniuk D, Andruleviciene V, Simokaitiene J, Ivanova A, Bucinskas A, Grazulevicius JV, Arsenyan P. Synthesis of Linear and V-Shaped Carbazolyl-Substituted Pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles Exhibiting Efficient Bipolar Charge Transport and E-Type Fluorescence. Chemistry 2019; 25:3325-3336. [PMID: 30536688 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing all-organic bipolar semiconductors with high charge mobility and efficient E-type fluorescence (so-called TADF) as environmentally friendly light-emitting materials for optoelectronic applications, four noble metals-free dyes with linear and V-shapes were designed using accepting pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile and donating carbazole units. By exploiting a donor-acceptor design strategy and using moieties with different donating and accepting abilities, TADF emitters with a wide variety of molecular weights were synthesized to achieve the optimum combination of charge-transporting and fluorescent properties in one TADF molecule. Depending on molecule structures, different TADF emitters capable of emitting in the range from 453 to 550 nm with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 98 % for the solutions in oxygen-free toluene were obtained. All compounds showed bipolar charge-transport. Hole mobility of 2.8×10-3 cm2 /Vs at 7×105 V cm-1 was observed for the compound containing two di-tert-butyl-substituted carbazole moieties. The compounds were tested in both non-doped and doped organic light-emitting diodes using different hosts. It was shown that the developed TADF emitters are suitable for different color devices with electroluminescence ranging from blue to yellow and with brightness, maximum current and external quantum efficiencies exceeding 10 000 cd m-2 , 15 cd/A, and 7 %, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigita Vigante
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Karolis Leitonas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Andruleviciene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Anna Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Audrius Bucinskas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pavel Arsenyan
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
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6
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BagdŽiūnas G, Ramanavičius A. Towards direct enzyme wiring: a theoretical investigation of charge carrier transfer mechanisms between glucose oxidase and organic semiconductors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2968-2976. [PMID: 30671578 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07233g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a general theoretical and numerical approach based on semiconductor theory, which could be applied to a study of direct enzyme wiring, has been discussed. Marcus-Hush theory was applied to evaluate the potential transfer of charge carriers (holes and electrons) between glucose oxidase (GOx) and organic semiconductors. Two mechanisms of multistep hopping of charge to/from the oxidised/reduced flavin-based moiety through residues of aromatic amino acids located in GOx and long range charge direct tunnelling from the cofactor to the organic semiconductor surface have been proposed and evaluated. It was determined that the hole-hopping mechanism is possible and proceeds at a low ionization potential of the organic semiconductor. The calculations reveal that hopping of electrons is blocked, but direct electron tunnelling between the cofactor and the organic semiconductor is still probable. The most optimal conditions and tunable characteristics of GOx-based biosensors such as the ionization potential, electron affinity of organic semiconductors and distance between the enzyme and surface were estimated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas BagdŽiūnas
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania.
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Gicevicius M, Bagdziunas G, Abduloglu Y, Ramanaviciene A, Gumusay O, Ak M, Soganci T, Ramanavicius A. Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of an Electrochromic Azobenzene and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene-based Electrochemically Formed Polymeric Semiconductor. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2735-2740. [PMID: 30009442 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An electrochromic material based on azobenzene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) semiconducting layer was electrochemically deposited on an indium tin oxide coated glass electrode. Chemical synthesis of the azobenzene and EDOT-based chromophore (DAE) and electrochemical formation of its corresponding polymer (pDAE) are reported. The electrochromic properties of the synthesized polymer pDAE were investigated by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. pDAE exhibited an optical bandgap of 1.82 eV and three distinct colored states in its reduced, neutral, and oxidized forms. The pDAE polymer showed 44 % optical contrast at 710 nm between its reduced and oxidized states and a fast electrochromic switching time of 1.0 s. The frontier molecular orbitals, Raman shifts, and semiconducting properties of this electrochromic polymer were evaluated by density functional theory calculations. The optical absorption bands of the polymer charged states were assigned and investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Gicevicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Yasin Abduloglu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas - Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ogun Gumusay
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Metin Ak
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Tugba Soganci
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, Vilnius, Lithuania
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8
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Reig M, Bosque R, Font-Bardía M, Calvis C, Messeguer R, Baldomà L, Badía J, Velasco D, López C. A study of the properties, reactivity and anticancer activity of novel N-methylated-3-thiazolyl or 3-thienyl carbazoles and their Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 184:134-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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9
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Jin FZ, Chen CQ, Zhao Q, Kan JL, Zhou Y, Chen GJ. Synthesis tricyanovinyl derivatives via one-pot tandem reactions with heterogeneous catalyst Au@Cu(II)-MOF. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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10
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Kim J, Lee S, Lee J, Lim E, Jung BJ. 3,3'-Bicarbazole-Based Host Molecules for Solution-Processed Phosphorescent OLEDs. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040847. [PMID: 29642481 PMCID: PMC6017262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are attractive due to their low-cost, large area displays, and lighting features. Small molecules as well as polymers can be used as host materials within the solution-processed emitting layer. Herein, we report two 3,3′-bicarbazole-based host small molecules, which possess a structural isomer relationship. 9,9′-Di-4-n-butylphenyl-9H,9′H-3,3′-bicarbazole (BCz-nBuPh) and 9,9′-di-4-t-butylphenyl-9H,9′H-3,3′-bicarbazole (BCz-tBuPh) exhibited similar optical properties within solutions but different photoluminescence within films. A solution-processed green phosphorescent OLED with the BCz-tBuPh host exhibited a high maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of 43.1 cd/A and 40.0 lm/W, respectively, compared to the device with the BCz-nBuPh host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosanro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi 16227, Korea.
| | - Suhan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Korea.
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Eunhee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosanro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi 16227, Korea.
| | - Byung Jun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Korea.
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11
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Bezvikonnyi O, Gudeika D, Volyniuk D, Grazulevicius JV, Bagdziunas G. Pyrenyl substituted 1,8-naphthalimide as a new material for weak efficiency-roll-off red OLEDs: a theoretical and experimental study. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01866a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the theoretical calculations of semiconducting properties, a new derivative ImPy for red OLEDs has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
- Experimental Physics Department
| | - Dalius Gudeika
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
- Institute of Solid State Physics
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Santaka Valley
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas
- Lithuania
| | | | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology
- Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry
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12
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Reig M, Puigdollers J, Velasco D. Solid-state organization of n-type carbazole-based semiconductors for organic thin-film transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:1142-1149. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
n-Type OTFTs were fabricated and characterised from a series of tricyanovinyl-substituted carbazole-based materials with different N-alkyl chain lengths as active layers. XRD studies gave insights into the main intermolecular interactions, molecular packing motifs and the degree of molecular order in thin films that justified the performance of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reig
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Joaquim Puigdollers
- Dept. Enginyeria Electrònica
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
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13
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Reig M, Bagdziunas G, Ramanavicius A, Puigdollers J, Velasco D. Interface engineering and solid-state organization for triindole-based p-type organic thin-film transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17889-17898. [PMID: 29926056 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02963f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Role of the solid-state organization of the semiconductor and of its interface with the dielectric on the OTFT performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reig
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Gintautas Bagdziunas
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering
- State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology
- Vilnius
- Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering
- State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology
- Vilnius
- Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry
| | - Joaquim Puigdollers
- Dept. Enginyeria Electrònica
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Grup de Materials Orgànics
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB)
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica
- Secció de Química Orgànica
- Universitat de Barcelona
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