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Kang L, Wang Q, Zhang L, Zou H, Gao J, Niu K, Jiang N. Recent Experimental Advances in Characterizing the Self-Assembly and Phase Behavior of Polypeptoids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114175. [PMID: 37297308 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptoids are a family of synthetic peptidomimetic polymers featuring N-substituted polyglycine backbones with large chemical and structural diversity. Their synthetic accessibility, tunable property/functionality, and biological relevance make polypeptoids a promising platform for molecular biomimicry and various biotechnological applications. To gain insight into the relationship between the chemical structure, self-assembly behavior, and physicochemical properties of polypeptoids, many efforts have been made using thermal analysis, microscopy, scattering, and spectroscopic techniques. In this review, we summarize recent experimental investigations that have focused on the hierarchical self-assembly and phase behavior of polypeptoids in bulk, thin film, and solution states, highlighting the use of advanced characterization tools such as in situ microscopy and scattering techniques. These methods enable researchers to unravel multiscale structural features and assembly processes of polypeptoids over a wide range of length and time scales, thereby providing new insights into the structure-property relationship of these protein-mimetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Ma A, Yu X, Liao M, Liu W, Xuan S, Zhang Z. Research Progress in Polypeptoids Prepared by Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerizations. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200301. [PMID: 35748135 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptoids, structural mimics of polypeptides, have attracted considerable attention due to their biocompatibility, proteolytic stability, thermal processability, good solubility, synthetic accessibility, and structural diversity. Polypeptoids have emerged as an interesting material in both polymer science and biological field. This review primarily discusses the research progress of polypeptoids prepared by controlled ring-opening polymerizations in the past decade, including synthetic strategies of monomers, polymerizations by different initiators, postfunctionalization, fundamental properties, crystallization-driven self-assembly, and potential biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyao Ma
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingzhen Liao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenxiao Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Sunting Xuan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Lin M, Li Z, Fu X, Sun J. Stimuli‐responsive polypeptoid block copolymers containing
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‐nitrobenzyl groups with extremely sharp transition. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Zenghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Xiaohui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun China
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Nachaki EO, Leonik FM, Kuroda DG. Effect of the N-Alkyl Side Chain on the Amide-Water Interactions. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:8290-8299. [PMID: 36219826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amide-water interactions influence the structure and functions of amide-based systems, such as proteins and homopolymers. In particular, the N-alkylation of the amide unit appears to play a critical role in defining the interactions of the amide group. Previous studies have linked the thermal behavior of amide-based polymers to the nature of their N-alkyl side chain. However, the connection between the chemical structure of the N-alkyl and the hydration of the amide remains elusive. In this study, the solvation structure and dynamics of amides, having differing N-alkyl groups, are investigated using a combination of linear and nonlinear infrared spectroscopies and computational methods. Interestingly, the dynamics of the amide local environment do not slow down as the N-alkyl side chain becomes bulkier, but rather speeds up. Computational calculations confirm the hydration dynamics and assign the effect to smaller amplitude and faster rotations of the bulkier group. It is also observed experimentally that the hydrogen-bond making and breaking between water and the amide carbonyl do not directly relate to the size of the N-alkyl side chain. The bulkier N-isopropyl substituent presents significantly slower chemical exchange dynamics than smaller chains (ethyl and methyl), but the two small groups do not present a major difference. The hydrogen-bond making and breaking disparities and similarities among groups are well modeled by the theory demonstrating that the N-alkyl group affects the amide hydration structure and dynamics via a steric effect. In summary, the results presented here show that the size of the N-substituted alkyl group significantly influences the hydration dynamics of amides and stress the importance of considering this effect on much larger systems, such as polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest O Nachaki
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Fedra M Leonik
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Daniel G Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
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Genaev AM, Salnikov GE, Koltunov KY. Unusual temperature-sensitive protonation behaviour of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:866-872. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01893g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An unusually strong impact of temperature on the protonation degree of DMAP in strong acid solutions has been found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Konstantin Yu. Koltunov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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Liu D, Sun J. Thermoresponsive Polypeptoids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2973. [PMID: 33322804 PMCID: PMC7763442 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers have been widely studied in many applications such as biomedicine, nanotechnology, and catalysis. Temperature is one of the most commonly used external triggers, which can be highly controlled with excellent reversibility. Thermoresponsive polymers exhibiting a reversible phase transition in a controlled manner to temperature are a promising class of smart polymers that have been widely studied. The phase transition behavior can be tuned by polymer architectures, chain-end, and various functional groups. Particularly, thermoresponsive polypeptoid is a type of promising material that has drawn growing interest because of its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity. This paper summarizes the recent advances of thermoresponsive polypeptoids, including the synthetic methods and functional groups as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;
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Gobeze HB, Ma J, Leonik FM, Kuroda DG. Bottom-Up Approach to Assess the Molecular Structure of Aqueous Poly( N-Isopropylacrylamide) at Room Temperature via Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11699-11710. [PMID: 33306373 PMCID: PMC7872429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The structure of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) in solution is still an unresolved topic. Here, the PNIPAM structure in water was investigated using a bottom-up approach, involving the monomer, dimer, and trimer, and a combination of infrared (IR) spectroscopies as well as molecular dynamics simulations. The experiments show that the monomer and oligomers exhibit a broad and asymmetric amide I band with two underlying transitions, while PNIPAM presents the same major transitions and a minor one. Analysis of the 2D IR spectra and theoretical modeling of the amide I band indicates that the two transitions of the monomer do not have the same molecular origin as the oligomers and the polymer. In the monomer, the two bands originate from the ultrafast rotation of its ethyl group, which leads to different solvation structures for the various rotational conformers. In the case of the oligomers, the asymmetry and splitting of the amide I band is caused by the vibrational coupling among adjacent amide side chains. Moreover, it is deduced from the simulations that the oligomers have three distinct backbone conformations for neighboring amides. In particular, two of the backbone conformations have a closed and compact structure, while in the third, the backbone is open and elongated. The bottom-up approach allowed us to infer that such backbone conformations exist in PNIPAM as well. Consequently, the two major amide I transitions of the polymer are also assigned to split amide I transitions resulting from the vibrationally coupled nearest-neighboring amides. In contrast, the additional minor transition observed in PNIPAM is assigned to unsolvated amide units of the polymer. The proposed molecular model successfully describes that PNIPAM amide I band changes with temperature in terms of its molecular structure. This new model strongly suggests that PNIPAM does not have a completely random backbone structure, but has distinct backbone conformers between neighboring amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtom B Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jianbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Fedra M Leonik
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Daniel G Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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Zeng G, Qiu L, Wen T. Recent advances in crystallization and self‐assembly of polypeptoid polymers. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangjian Zeng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Lu Qiu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Tao Wen
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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Xing C, Shi Z, Tian J, Sun J, Li Z. Charge-Determined LCST/UCST Behavior in Ionic Polypeptoids. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2109-2116. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Zhekun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jiliang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
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Chan BA, Xuan S, Li A, Simpson JM, Sternhagen GL, Yu T, Darvish OA, Jiang N, Zhang D. Polypeptoid polymers: Synthesis, characterization, and properties. Biopolymers 2017; 109. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A. Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Sunting Xuan
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Jessica M. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Garrett L. Sternhagen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Omead A. Darvish
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies GroupLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge70803Los Angeles
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