Palladium-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrochlorocarbonylation of alkenes for formation of acid chlorides

Novel strategy for acid chlorides formation that do not use carboxylic acids is particularly attractive in chemical synthesis but remains challenging. Herein, we reported the development of a highly effective Pd-catalyzed hydrochlorocarbonylation of alkenes with CO for the formation of alkyl acid chlorides. Chlorosilane and AcOH were found as a mild HCl source for the reaction. The reaction shows broad substrate scope and produces both branched and linear alkyl acid chlorides in good to high yields upon different ligands and solvents. Cooperating with follow-up acylation reactions, the Pd-catalyzed hydrochlorocarbonylation offers a complementary platform for the synthesis of diverse carbonyl compounds from alkenes. Mechanistic investigations suggested that the reaction proceeded though a palladium hydride pathway, and CO prompted reductive elimination of the acyl-Pd-Cl intermediate.

Progress on transition metal catalyzed asymmetric hydroesterification, hydrocarboxylation, and hydroamidation reactions of olefins

Hydrocarboxylation, hydroesterification, and hydroamidation of olefins are fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. Asymmetric processes for these transformations provide an effective and straightforward approach to optically active carboxylic acids and their derivatives, which are highly useful compounds in pharmaceuticals, materials, fine chemicals, etc. This review provides a brief summary of the development of asymmetric hydroesterification, hydrocarboxylation, and hydroamidation with CO and its surrogates.

Palladium-catalyzed enantioselective carbonylation reactions

Carbonylation, one of the most powerful approaches to the preparation of carbonylated compounds, has received significant attention from researchers active in various fields. Indeed, impressive progress has been made on this subject over the past few decades. Among the various types of carbonylation reactions, asymmetric carbonylation is a straightforward methodology for constructing chiral compounds. Although rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective hydroformylations have been discussed in several elegant reviews, a general review on palladium-catalyzed asymmetric carbonylations is still missing. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent achievements in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric carbonylation reactions. Notably, this review’s contents are categorized by reaction type.

Studies on Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroesterification of Enimides. A Possible Approach to Optically Active β-Amino Acid Derivatives

A Pd-catalyzed asymmetric hydroesterification of enimides with phenyl formate is described. A DIOP-based system has been found to be highly active catalyst, giving the corresponding β-amino esters with up to...

A direct synthesis of carboxylic acids via platinum-catalysed hydroxycarbonylation of olefins

A selective platinum-catalysed hydroxycarbonylation of aliphatic olefins has been achieved.

Copper-Catalyzed Carbonylative Hydroamidation of Styrenes to Branched Amides

Amides are one of the most ubiquitous functional groups in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Novel and rapid synthesis of amides remains in high demand. In this communication, a general and efficient procedure for branch-selective hydroamidation of vinylarenes with hydroxyamine derivatives enabled by copper catalysis has been developed for the first time. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. Applying a chiral phosphine ligand, an enantioselective variant of this transformation was achieved, affording a variety of chiral α-amides with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) and high yields.

Palladium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydroesterification of aryl olefins with CO gas

An effective Pd-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydroesterification of aryl olefins with CO gas is described.