1
|
Smith MB. The Backbone of Success of P,N-Hybrid Ligands: Some Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:6293. [PMID: 36234830 PMCID: PMC9614609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus ligands are an invaluable family of compounds that continue to underpin important roles in disciplines such as coordination chemistry and catalysis. Their success can routinely be traced back to facile tuneability thus enabling a high degree of control over, for example, electronic and steric properties. Diphosphines, phosphorus compounds bearing two separated PIII donor atoms, are also highly valued and impart their own unique features, for example excellent chelating properties upon metal complexation. In many classical ligands of this type, the backbone connectivity has been based on all carbon spacers only but there is growing interest in embedding other donor atoms such as additional nitrogen (-NH-, -NR-) sites. This review will collate some important examples of ligands in this field, illustrate their role as ligands in coordination chemistry and highlight some of their reactivities and applications. It will be shown that incorporation of a nitrogen-based group can impart unusual reactivities and important catalytic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cooper SM, Siakalli C, White AJP, Frei A, Miller PW, Long NJ. Synthesis and anti-microbial activity of a new series of bis(diphosphine) rhenium(V) dioxo complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12791-12795. [PMID: 35920379 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhenium-based metallodrugs have recently been highlighted as promising candidates for new antibiotics to combat multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. A new class of rhenium(V) dioxo complexes were prepared from readily accessible diphosphine ligands, and have been shown to possess potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) alongside low human cell toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saul M Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Christina Siakalli
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Angelo Frei
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Philip W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cooper SM, White AJP, Eykyn TR, Ma MT, Miller PW, Long NJ. N-Centered Tripodal Phosphine Re(V) and Tc(V) Oxo Complexes: Revisiting a [3 + 2] Mixed-Ligand Approach. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8000-8014. [PMID: 35544683 PMCID: PMC9131457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
N-Triphos derivatives
(NP3R, R = alkyl, aryl)
and asymmetric variants (NP2RXR′, R′ = alkyl, aryl, X = OH, NR2, NRR′) are
an underexplored class of tuneable, tripodal ligands in relation to
the coordination chemistry of Re and Tc for biomedical applications.
Mixed-ligand approaches are a flexible synthetic route to obtain Tc
complexes of differing core structures and physicochemical properties.
Reaction of the NP3Ph ligand with the Re(V)
oxo precursor [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] generated
the bidentate complex [ReOCl3(κ2-NP2PhOHAr)], which possesses an unusual
AA’BB’XX’ spin system with a characteristic second-order
NMR lineshape that is sensitive to the bi- or tridentate nature of
the coordinating diphosphine unit. The use of the asymmetric NP2PhOHAr ligand resulted in the formation
of both bidentate and tridentate products depending on the presence
of base. The tridentate Re(V) complex [ReOCl2(κ3-NP2PhOAr)] has provided
the basis of a new reactive “metal-fragment” for further
functionalization in [3 + 2] mixed-ligand complexes. The synthesis
of [3 + 2] complexes with catechol-based π-donors could also
be achieved under one-pot, single-step conditions from Re(V) oxo precursors.
Analogous complexes can also be synthesized from suitable 99Tc(V) precursors, and these complexes have been shown to exhibit
highly similar structural properties through spectroscopic and chromatographic
analysis. However, a tendency for the {MVO}3+ core to undergo hydrolysis to the {MVO2}+ core has been observed both in the case of M = Re and markedly
for M = 99Tc complexes. It is likely that controlling this
pathway will be critical to the generation of further stable Tc(V)
derivatives. An N-centered tripodal heterofunctionalized
phosphine ligand
was used to generate a reactive “metal-fragment” based
on the {MVO}3+ (M = Re, 99Tc) core
for the formation of mixed-ligand [3 + 2] complexes. Characteristic
lineshapes arising from an AA’BB’XX’ spin system
are diagnostic of bidentate vs tridentate coordination modes of the
ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saul M Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK.,School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Thomas R Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Philip W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Omoruyi U, Page SJ, Apps SL, White AJ, Long NJ, Miller PW. Synthesis and characterisation of a range of Fe, Co, Ru and Rh triphos complexes and investigations into the catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
6
|
Page SJ, Rogers-Simmonds D, White AJ, Miller PW. Synthesis and crystallographic characterisation of a homologous series of bis-tridentate phosphine oxide NP3O3 Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
7
|
Westhues N, Belleflamme M, Klankermayer J. Base‐Free Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methyl Formate with a Molecular Ruthenium‐Phosphine Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Westhues
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Maurice Belleflamme
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jürgen Klankermayer
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Apps SL, Miller PW, Long NJ. Cobalt(-i) triphos dinitrogen complexes: activation and silyl-functionalisation of N 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6579-6582. [PMID: 31112153 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cobalt dinitrogen complexes [{(EP3Ph)Co(μ-N2)}2Mg(THF)4], with triphos ligand scaffolds (EP3Ph, E = N or CMe), were prepared via two electron reductions of the Co(i) precursors [CoCl(EP3Ph)]. Both complexes showed high degrees of N2 activation owing to the formation of a rare M-NN-Mg-NN-M bridging-magnesium core. These systems showed further N2 functionalisation reactivity by silylation, forming silyldiazenido complexes [(EP3Ph)Co(NNSiMe3)].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Apps
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Apps SL, White AJP, Miller PW, Long NJ. Synthesis and reactivity of an N-triphos Mo(0) dinitrogen complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11386-11396. [PMID: 30062342 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02471e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and reactivity of a novel molybdenum dinitrogen complex supported by a nitrogen-centred tripodal phosphine ligand (N-triphos, N(CH2PPh2)3, NP3Ph) are reported. Reaction of N-triphos with [MoX3(THF)3] (X = Cl, Br, I) gave the Mo(iii) complex [MoX3(κ2-NP3Ph)(THF)] (1), where bidentate N-triphos coordination was observed. Reduction of this complex in the presence of dppm (bis(diphenylphosphino)methane) gave the dinitrogen complex [Mo(N2)(dppm)(κ3-NP3Ph)] (2), which exhibits moderate dinitrogen activation. An additional hydride complex, [Mo(H)2(dppm)(κ3-NP3Ph)] (4), was produced either as a minor side product during the reduction step, or as a major product by direct hydrogenation of the dinitrogen complex 2. The reactivity of the dinitrogen complex 2 with a range of Lewis acids was also investigated. At low temperatures, protic or borane Lewis acids (H+, BBr3 and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF)) were found to coordinate to the apical nitrogen atom of the N-triphos ligand, with no conclusive evidence of any functionalisation of the dinitrogen ligand. Alkali metal Lewis acid addition to 2 resulted in the unexpected rearrangement of the N-triphos ligand to form [Mo(dppm)(PMePh2)(PCP)][B(C6F5)4] (7), where PCP, [Ph2PCNHCH2PPh2] is the carbenic ligand formed upon rearrangement from the reaction of 2 with M[B(C6F5)4] (M = Li, Na or K). Single crystal X-ray diffraction of complexes 1, 2, 4 and 7 provided structural confirmation of the N-triphos molybdenum complexes described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Apps
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Phanopoulos A, Nozaki K. Branched-Selective Hydroformylation of Nonactivated Olefins Using an N-Triphos/Rh Catalyst. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Phanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bálint E, Tajti Á, Tripolszky A, Keglevich G. Synthesis of platinum, palladium and rhodium complexes of α-aminophosphine ligands. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4755-4778. [PMID: 29565437 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00178b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Aminophosphine-type ligands are of interest as building blocks of transition metal complexes. This review focuses on the utilization of α-aminophosphines as monodentate and bidentate ligands in platinum, palladium and rhodium complexes. Besides the linear derivatives, the applications of cyclic α-aminophosphines as ligands are also summarized. Various aspects, such as synthesis, structure and applications, as well as the catalytic activity of these complexes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bálint
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ádám Tajti
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Anna Tripolszky
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|