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Li J, Wang XF, Hu C, Liu LL. Carbene-Stabilized Phosphagermylenylidene: A Heavier Analog of Isonitrile. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14341-14348. [PMID: 38726476 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Phosphagermylenylidenes (R-P═Ge), as heavier analogs of isonitriles, whether in their free state or as complexes with a Lewis base, have not been previously identified as isolable entities. In this study, we report the synthesis of a stable monomeric phosphagermylenylidene within the coordination sphere of a Lewis base under ambient conditions. This species was synthesized by Lewis base-induced dedimerization of a cyclic phosphagermylenylidene dimer or via Me3SiCl elimination from a phosphinochlorogermylene framework. The deliberate integration of a bulky, electropositive N-heterocyclic boryl group at the phosphorus site, combined with coordination stabilization by a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene at the low-valent germanium site, effectively mitigated its natural tendency toward oligomerization. Structural analyses and theoretical calculations have demonstrated that this unprecedented species features a P═Ge double bond, characterized by conventional electron-sharing π and σ bonds, complemented by lone pairs at both the phosphorus and germanium atoms. Preliminary reactivity studies show that this base-stabilized phosphagermylenylidene demonstrates facile release of ligands at the Ge atom, coordination to silver through the lone pair on P, and versatile reactivity including both (cyclo)addition and cleavage of the P═Ge double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chaopeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Stöhr F, Kulhanek N, Becker J, Göttlich R, Schindler S. Reactivity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Ligands Derived from (1
S
,3
R
)‐Camphoric Acid with Dioxygen. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Stöhr
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Niclas Kulhanek
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Richard Göttlich
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
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3
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Kariuki BM, Platts JA, Newman PD. A hybrid bipy–NHC ligand for the construction of group 11 mixed-metal bimetallic complexes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34170-34173. [PMID: 35497314 PMCID: PMC9042343 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06581e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An asymmetric bipy/NHC ligand L has been used to construct Au/Au, Au/Ag and Au/Cu bimetallic complexes through prior coordination of the NHC to Au(i) and subsequent introduction of the second group 11 metal ion at the bipy donor of the hybrid ligand. The complex [Au(κC-L)2]BF4,1, has been used as the precursor for the formation of [AuAg(κ-CAu,κ2-N,N′Ag-1)2](BF4)2, 2a, [AuCu(κ-CAu,κ2-N,N′Cu-1)2](BF4)2, 2b and [AuAu′(κ-CAu/Au′,κ1-NAu/Au′-1)2](BF4)2, 3. A ditopic bipy–NHC ligand has been used to construct hetero-bimetallic complexes of the monovalent group 11 metals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - James A. Platts
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Paul D. Newman
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
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4
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Danopoulos AA, Simler T, Braunstein P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3730-3961. [PMID: 30843688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands across the Periodic Table had an impact on various aspects of the coordination, organometallic, and catalytic chemistry of the 3d metals, including Cu, Ni, and Co, both from the fundamental viewpoint but also in applications, including catalysis, photophysics, bioorganometallic chemistry, materials, etc. In this review, the emergence, development, and state of the art in these three areas are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Danopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , Athens GR 15771 , Greece.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Thomas Simler
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
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5
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Sampford KR, Carden JL, Kidner EB, Berry A, Cavell KJ, Murphy DM, Kariuki BM, Newman PD. Twisting the arm: structural constraints in bicyclic expanded-ring N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1850-1858. [PMID: 30652174 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04462g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of diaryl, mono-aryl/alkyl and dialkyl mono- and bicyclic expanded-ring N-heterocyclic carbenes (ER-NHCs) have been prepared and their complexation to Au(i) investigated through the structural analysis of fifteen Au(NHC)X and/or [Au(NHC)2]X complexes. The substituted diaryl 7-NHCs are the most sterically encumbered with large buried volume (%VB) values of 40-50% with the less flexible six-membered analogues having %VB values at least 5% smaller. Although the bicyclic systems containing fused 6- and 7-membered rings (6,7-NHCs) are constrained with relatively acute NCN bond angles, they have the largest %VB values of the dialkyl derivatives reported here, a feature related to the fixed conformation of the heterocyclic rings and the compressional effect of a pre-set methyl substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jamie L Carden
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Edward B Kidner
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Abigail Berry
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - Damien M Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - Paul D Newman
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK and Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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6
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Kariuki BM, Newman PD. Asymmetric Cationic Phosphines: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9554-9563. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul D. Newman
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. CF10 3AT
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7
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Wilkins LC, Melen RL, Platts JA, Newman PD. Amidine functionalized phosphines: tuneable ligands for transition metals. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:14234-14243. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03343e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A diastereomeric, cationic phosphine ligand [α,β-CgPAmMe]+ composed of a chiral amidinium substituent and a racemic phosphacycle has been prepared and compared to its neutral parent α,β-CgPAm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul D. Newman
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- CF10 3AT
- UK
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8
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Sánchez P, Hernández-Juárez M, Álvarez E, Paneque M, Rendón N, Suárez A. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of Pd and Ir complexes based on new lutidine-derived NHC/phosphine mixed pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16997-17009. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03652j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel proton-responsive lutidine-derived CNP ligands having a flexible Py–CH2–NHC linkage adopt mer and fac coordination modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Práxedes Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Martín Hernández-Juárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Margarita Paneque
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Nuria Rendón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Andrés Suárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
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