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Akogun FS, Judd M, Mort AGC, Malthus SJ, Robb MG, Cox N, Brooker S. Complexes of a Noncyclic Carbazole-based N5-donor Schiff base: Structures, Redox, EPR and Poor Activity as Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysts. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:17014-17025. [PMID: 39225072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
A new noncyclic pentadentate N5-donor Schiff-base ligand, HL2Etpyr (1,1'-(3,6-ditert-butyl-9H-carbazole-1,8-diyl)bis(N-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)methanimine)), prepared from 1,8-diformyl-3,6-ditertbutyl-carbazole (HUtBu) and two equivalents of 2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine, along with four tetrafluoroborate complexes, [MIIL2Etpyr](BF4), where M = Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, and two [CoIIL2EtPyr]·1/2[CoIIX4] complexes where X = NCS or Cl, isolated as solvates, are reported. All six complexes were structurally characterized, revealing the cations to be isostructural, with M(II) in a trigonal bipyramidal N5-donor environment. Only the Zn(II) complex is fluorescent. Cyclic voltammograms of [MIIL2Etpyr](BF4) in MeCN reveal reversible redox processes at positive potentials: 0.61 (Zn), 0.62 (Cu), 0.57 (Ni), and 0.25 V (Co), and for the cobalt complex a second quasi-reversible process occurs at 0.92 V vs Fc+/Fc. EPR data for the first oxidation product clearly demonstrate that the Zn complex undergoes a ligand centered oxidation, and support this being the case for the Ni and Cu complexes, although this is not definitively shown. After both oxidations the EPR data shows that the Co complex is best described as a low spin Co(III)-ligand radical. In the presence of 80 mM acetic acid, controlled potential electrolysis carried out on [MIIL2Etpyr](BF4) at -1.68 V in MeCN shows some electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in the order Ni(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) - but the control, Ni(II) tetrafluoroborate, is more active than all three of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folaranmi S Akogun
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Martyna Judd
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Alexandra G C Mort
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Stuart J Malthus
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Matthew G Robb
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Hua L, Li W, Chen Y, Liang K, Cai H, Wang J, Wang S, Yin T, Liang L. A hexanuclear Nd (III) complex derived from a Schiff base with significant antitumor and antifungal activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Hua
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - He Cai
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Tianyue Yin
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Lili Liang
- Department of Chemistry Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Hong Y, Man Y, Wang J, Li J. Efficient Synthesis of 3,6-Dialkylcarbazole-1-formaldehyde and 3,6-Dialkylcarbazole-1,8-diformaldehyde. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Maeda C, Nomoto S, Takaishi K, Ema T. Aggregation-Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Boron Complexes with a Carbazolyl Schiff Base. Chemistry 2020; 26:13016-13021. [PMID: 32297393 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of carbazolyl-appended Schiff bases were readily synthesized from 1-formylcarbazoles and aniline derivatives. Boron complexation of the resulting ligands allowed for facile preparation of new carbazole-based BODIPY analogues showing solid-state fluorescence. Furthermore, some dyes were converted into chiral compounds through the Et2 AlCl-mediated incorporation of a binaphthyl unit. The chiral dyes showed aggregation-induced fluorescence and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with the ΦF and glum of up to 0.22 and -3.5×10-3 , respectively, in the solid state. The solid-state fluorescence and CPL were well characterized by the crystal packing analyses and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shuichi Nomoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takaishi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Muñoz-Pina S, Ros-Lis JV, Delgado-Pinar EA, Martı Nez-Camarena A, Verdejo B, Garcı A-España E, Argüelles Á, Andrés A. Inhibitory Effect of Azamacrocyclic Ligands on Polyphenol Oxidase in Model and Food Systems. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7964-7973. [PMID: 32609498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic browning is one of the main problems faced by the food industry due to the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) provoking an undesirable color change in the presence of oxygen. Here, we report the evaluation of 10 different azamacrocyclic compounds with diverse morphologies as potential inhibitors against the activity of PPO, both in model and real systems. An initial screening of 10 ligands shows that all azamacrocyclic compounds inhibit to some extent the enzymatic browning, but the molecular structure plays a crucial role on the power of inhibition. Kinetic studies of the most active ligand (L2) reveal a S-parabolic I-parabolic noncompetitive inhibition mechanism and a remarkable inhibition at micromolar concentration (IC50 = 10 μM). Furthermore, L2 action has been proven on apple juice to significantly reduce the enzymatic browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Muñoz-Pina
- Instituto Universitario de Ingenierı́a de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IUIAD-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José V Ros-Lis
- REDOLı́, Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanı A Delgado-Pinar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Martı Nez-Camarena
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Verdejo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Garcı A-España
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Argüelles
- Instituto Universitario de Ingenierı́a de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IUIAD-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Andrés
- Instituto Universitario de Ingenierı́a de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IUIAD-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Wu T, Kim T, Yin B, Wang K, Xu L, Zhou M, Kim D, Song J. Carbazole-containing porphyrinoid and its oligomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11454-11457. [PMID: 31490520 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel carbazole-containing porphyrinoid 4H and its oligomers 6H and 7H were synthesized for the first time via the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The structures of 4H, 4Pd, 6H, and 6Zn were finally confirmed by X-ray analysis. The exciton coupling strength (628 cm-1) in 4Zn, 6Zn, and 7Zn was found to be larger than that of the directly-linked porphyrin arrays (570 cm-1), extending their absorption spectra to the NIR region as well as enhancing the extinction coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Bangshao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Kaisheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jianxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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Bereta T, Mondal A, Ślepokura K, Peng Y, Powell AK, Lisowski J. Trinuclear and Hexanuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes of the Chiral 3+3 Macrocycle: X-ray Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4201-4213. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Bereta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Abhishake Mondal
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Ślepokura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yan Peng
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Annie K. Powell
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jerzy Lisowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Malthus SJ, Cameron SA, Brooker S. Improved Access to 1,8-Diformyl-carbazoles Leads to Metal-Free Carbazole-Based [2 + 2] Schiff Base Macrocycles with Strong Turn-On Fluorescence Sensing of Zinc(II) Ions. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2480-2488. [PMID: 29442503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Development of a new and high yielding synthetic route to 1,8-diformyl-carbazoles 3 (3a 3,6-di- tert-butyl substituted; 3b 3,6-unsubstituted) is reported. Use of a Heck coupling reaction, followed by ozonolysis, has greatly facilitated the preparation of these interesting head units in useful quantities. An initial foray into the new generations of Schiff base macrocycles that ready access to these head units (3) opens up, has led to the direct (i.e., metal-free) synthesis of two [2 + 2] macrocycles from 3a or 3b with 1,2-diaminoethane, H2LtBu (4a) and H2LH (4b), respectively, obtained as yellow powders in high yields (87-88%). The dizinc complex [Zn2LH(OAc)2] (5b) was isolated as a bright yellow solid in 83% yield, by 1:2:2 reaction of H2LH with zinc(II) acetate and triethylamine. Aldehydes 3a and 3b, macrocycle H2LH, and complex [Zn2LH(OAc)2] (5b) have been structurally characterized. The carbazole NH makes bifurcated hydrogen bonds with the pair of flanking 1,8-diformyl-moieties in 3, or 1,8-diimine-moieties in H2LH, leading to a flat, all- cis conformation. The stepped conformation of the metal-free macrocycle H2LH is retained in [Zn2LH(OAc)2], despite deprotonation and binding of two zinc(II) centers within the two tridentate pockets. The N3O2 coordination of the zinc ions is completed by one μ1,1- and one μ1,3- bridging acetate anion. Excitation of nanomolar [Zn2LH(OAc)2] in DMF at 335 nm results in clearly visible blue fluorescence (λmax = 460 nm). Further studies on the H2LH macrocycle revealed turn-on fluorescence, with selectivity (over Ca2+, Mg2+ and a range of 3d dications) and nanomolar sensitivity for zinc(II) ions, highlighting one of the many potential applications for these new carbazole-based Schiff base macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Malthus
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 56 , Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
| | - Scott A Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 56 , Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 56 , Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
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