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Ponte F, Scoditti S, Barretta P, Mazzone G. Computational Assessment of a Dual-Action Ru(II)-Based Complex: Photosensitizer in Photodynamic Therapy and Intercalating Agent for Inducing DNA Damage. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37248070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A combined quantum-mechanical and classical molecular dynamics study of a recent Ru(II) complex with potential dual anticancer action is reported here. The main basis for the multiple action relies on the merocyanine ligand, whose electronic structure allows the drug to be able to absorb within the therapeutic window and in turn efficiently generate 1O2 for photodynamic therapy application and to intercalate within two nucleobases couples establishing reversible electrostatic interactions with DNA. TDDFT outcomes, which include the absorption spectrum, triplet states energy, and spin-orbit matrix elements, evidence that the photosensitizing activity is ensured by an MLCT state at around 660 nm, involving the merocyanine-based ligand, and by an efficient ISC from such state to triplet states with different characters. On the other hand, the MD exploration of all the possible intercalation sites within the dodecamer B-DNA evidences the ability of the complex to establish several electrostatic interactions with the nucleobases, thus potentially inducing DNA damage, though the simulation of the absorption spectra for models extracted by each MD trajectory shows that the photosensitizing properties of the complex remain unaltered. The computational results support that the anti-tumor effect may be related to multiple mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortuna Ponte
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Stefano Scoditti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Pierraffaele Barretta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Gloria Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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2
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Barma A, Ghosh D, Karmakar P, Roy P. Synthesis and characterization of a mononuclear nickel(II) complex with N,O-donor ligand: Its DNA/HSA protein binding properties and tumor suppressive function. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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3
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Roy N, Sen U, Moharana P, Babu LT, Kar B, Vardhan S, Sahoo SK, Bose B, Paira P. 2,2'-Bipyrimidine-based luminescent Ru(ii)/Ir(iii)-arene monometallic and homo- and hetero-bimetallic complexes for therapy against MDA-MB-468 and caco-2 cells. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11725-11729. [PMID: 34612310 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To unearth suitable complexes that are capable of inhibiting the growth of MDA-MB-468 and Caco-2 cells, 2,2'-bipyrimidine-based luminescent Ru(ii)/Ir(iii)-arene monometallic and homo- and hetero-bimetallic complexes were synthesized. The complex [(η6-p-cymene)(η5-Cp*)RuIIIrIIICl2(K2-N,N-bipyrimidine)](PF6)2 [LRuIr] exhibited the best potency in both cells along with good GSH stability and strong binding efficacy with the biomolecules. The apoptotic event occurred in MDA-MB-468 cancer cells via cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmadhab Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of advanced sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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4
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Das U, Kar B, Pete S, Paira P. Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i) and Rh(iii) based complexes as next generation anticancer metallopharmaceuticals. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11259-11290. [PMID: 34342316 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01326b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Several anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, and its analogues, epirubicin, and doxorubicin are well known for their anticancer activity but the therapeutic value of these drugs comes with certain side effects and they cannot distinguish between normal and cancer cells. Thus, a major challenge for researchers around the world is to develop an anticancer drug with the least toxicity and more target specificity. With the successful reporting of NAMI-A and KP1019, a new path has emerged in the anticancer field. Recently, several Ru(ii) complexes have been reported for their anticancer activity due to their enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity towards cancer cells. Apart from the Ru(ii) complexes, a large amount of research has been carried out with Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes, which exhibited promising anticancer activity. The present review reports various Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes for their anticancer activity based on their cytotoxicity profiles, biological targets and mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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6
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Kar B, Roy N, Pete S, Moharana P, Paira P. Ruthenium and iridium based mononuclear and multinuclear complexes: A Breakthrough of Next-Generation anticancer metallopharmaceuticals. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Santolaya J, Busto N, Martínez-Alonso M, Espino G, Grunenberg J, Barone G, García B. Experimental and theoretical characterization of the strong effects on DNA stability caused by half-sandwich Ru(II) and Ir(III) bearing thiabendazole complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:1067-1083. [PMID: 32951085 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of two half-sandwich complexes of Ru(II) and Ir(III) with thiabendazole as ancillary ligand and their DNA binding ability were investigated using experimental and computational methods. 1H NMR and acid-base studies have shown that aquo-complexes are the reactive species. Kinetic studies show that both complexes bind covalently to DNA through the metal site and non covalently through the ancillary ligand. Thermal stability studies, viscosity, circular dichroism measurements and quantum chemical calculations have shown that the covalent binding causes breaking of the H-bonding between base pairs, bringing about DNA denaturation and compaction. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations shed light into the binding features of the Ru(II) and Ir(III) complexes and their respective enantiomers toward double-helical DNA, highlighting the important role played by the NˆN ancillary ligand once the complexes are covalently linked to DNA. Moreover, metal quantification in the nucleus of SW480 colon adenocarcinoma cells were carried out by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), both complexes are more internalized than cisplatin after 4 h of exposition. However, in spite of the dramatic changes in the helicity of the DNA secondary structure induced by these complexes and their nuclear localization, antiproliferative studies have revealed that both, Ru(II) and Ir(III) complexes, cannot be considered cytotoxic. This unexpected behavior can be justified by the fast formation of aquo-complexes, which may react with components of the cell culture medium or the cytoplasm compartment in such a way that they may become deactivated before reaching DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santolaya
- Chemistry Department, University of Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natalia Busto
- Chemistry Department, University of Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Marta Martínez-Alonso
- Chemistry Department, University of Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.,Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Chemistry Department, University of Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Jörg Grunenberg
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Begoña García
- Chemistry Department, University of Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
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Bonsignore R, Farine G, Migliore C, Gennaro G, Barone G. DNA-binding of zinc(II) and nickel(II) salphen-like complexes extrapolated at 1 M salt concentration: Removing the ionic strength bias in physiological conditions. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 207:111064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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9
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Antiproliferative, DNA binding, and cleavage properties of dinuclear Co(III) complexes containing the bioactive quinizarin ligand. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:339-350. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Liu M, Song XQ, Wu YD, Qian J, Xu JY. Cu(ii)-TACN complexes selectively induce antitumor activity in HepG-2 cells via DNA damage and mitochondrial-ROS-mediated apoptosis. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:114-123. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03641e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel 1,4,7-triazacyclononane derivative (btacn), and its related copper complexes, Cu(btacn)Cl2 and [Cu(btacn)2]·(ClO4)2, exhibit potent anti-proliferation activity towards HepG-2 and HeLa cells, but low cytotoxicity towards normal cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Xue-Qing Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics)
- School of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Medical University
- Tianjin 300070
- China
| | - Yuan-Di Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Jing Qian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics)
- School of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Medical University
- Tianjin 300070
- China
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11
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Mohamed Subarkhan MK, Ren L, Xie B, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang H. Novel tetranuclear ruthenium(II) arene complexes showing potent cytotoxic and antimetastatic activity as well as low toxicity in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:246-256. [PMID: 31255925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes have attracted a surge of interest as anticancer drug candidates because of their low toxicity, diversity in mode-of-actions and non-cross drug resistance with conventional platinum-based agents. Despite remarkable advances, only a limited number of ruthenium complexes have been demonstrated to kill cancer cells and suppress metastasis simultaneously. Here, two organometallic tetranuclear Ru(II) arene complexes (Ru-1 and Ru-2) have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including a cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer A549 cell line. A superior cytotoxic activity of the ruthenium complexes compared to cisplatin across distinct cell lines was observed. Further examination of the mechanism indicated that anticancer activity was accomplished by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition, we found that such compounds exhibited promising antimetastatic activity and reduced the invasiveness of cancer cells. Importantly, choosing Ru-1 as a target compound, a significantly enhanced safety profile relative to cisplatin in animals was validated, suggesting that these complexes can be used as promising candidates for cancer therapy and deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kasim Mohamed Subarkhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Binbin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
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12
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Ruthenium coordination compounds of biological and biomedical significance. DNA binding agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Hormann J, Malina J, Lemke O, Hülsey MJ, Wedepohl S, Potthoff J, Schmidt C, Ott I, Keller BG, Brabec V, Kulak N. Multiply Intercalator-Substituted Cu(II) Cyclen Complexes as DNA Condensers and DNA/RNA Synthesis Inhibitors. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5004-5012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hormann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Malina
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Lemke
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max J. Hülsey
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Stefanie Wedepohl
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Potthoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Schmidt
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bettina G. Keller
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nora Kulak
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Deng J, Su G, Chen P, Du Y, Gou Y, Liu Y. Evaluation of DNA binding and DNA cleavage of nickel(II) complexes with tridentate α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Lozano HJ, Busto N, Lari M, Leal JM, García B. Binding of aluminium/cacodylate complexes with DNA and RNA. Experimental and “in silico”study. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01779d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism of the interaction of a dinuclear aluminium/cacodylate complex with nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. J. Lozano
- Chemistry Department
- University of Burgos
- Burgos
- Spain
| | - N. Busto
- Chemistry Department
- University of Burgos
- Burgos
- Spain
| | - M. Lari
- Chemistry Department
- University of Burgos
- Burgos
- Spain
| | - J. M. Leal
- Chemistry Department
- University of Burgos
- Burgos
- Spain
| | - B. García
- Chemistry Department
- University of Burgos
- Burgos
- Spain
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