1
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Wang G, Dijkstal P, Reiche S, Schnorr K, Prat E. Millijoule Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses from an Efficient Fresh-Slice Multistage Free-Electron Laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:035002. [PMID: 38307082 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.035002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
We present the generation of x-ray pulses with average pulse energies up to one millijoule and rms pulse durations down to the femtosecond level. We have produced these intense and short pulses by employing the fresh-slice multistage amplification scheme with a transversely tilted electron beam in a free-electron laser. In this scheme, a short pulse is produced in the first stage and later amplified by fresh parts of the electron bunch in up to a total of four stages of amplification. Our implementation is efficient, since practically the full electron beam contributes to produce the x-ray pulse. Our implementation is also compact, utilizing only 32 m of undulator. The demonstration was done at Athos, the soft x-ray beamline of SwissFEL, which was designed with high flexibility to take full advantage of the multistage amplification scheme. It opens the door for scientific opportunities following ultrafast dynamics using nonlinear x-ray spectroscopy techniques or avoiding electronic damage when capturing structures with a single intense pulse via single-particle imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Wang
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Sven Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Eduard Prat
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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2
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Fouda AEA, Ho PJ. Site-specific generation of excited state wavepackets with high-intensity attosecond x rays. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:224111. [PMID: 34241215 DOI: 10.1063/5.0050891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-intensity attosecond x rays can produce coherent superpositions of valence-excited states through two-photon Raman transitions. The broad-bandwidth, high-field nature of the pulses results in a multitude of accessible excited states. Multiconfigurational quantum chemistry with the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is used to examine population transfer dynamics in stimulated x-ray Raman scattering of the nitric oxide oxygen and nitrogen K-edges. Two pulse schemes initiate wavepackets of different characters and demonstrate how chemical differences between core-excitation pathways affect the dynamics. The population transfer to valence-excited states is found to be sensitive to the electronic structure and pulse conditions, highlighting complexities attributed to the Rabi frequency. The orthogonally polarized two-color-pulse setup has increased selectivity while facilitating longer, less intense pulses than the one-pulse setup. Population transfer in the 1s → Rydberg region is more effective but less selective at the nitrogen K-edge; the selectivity is reduced by double core-excited states. Result interpretation is aided by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E A Fouda
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Phay J Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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3
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Eichmann U, Rottke H, Meise S, Rubensson JE, Söderström J, Agåker M, Såthe C, Meyer M, Baumann TM, Boll R, De Fanis A, Grychtol P, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Montano J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rivas DE, Serkez S, Wagner R, Eisebitt S. Photon-recoil imaging: Expanding the view of nonlinear x-ray physics. Science 2020; 369:1630-1633. [PMID: 32973029 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Addressing the ultrafast coherent evolution of electronic wave functions has long been a goal of nonlinear x-ray physics. A first step toward this goal is the investigation of stimulated x-ray Raman scattering (SXRS) using intense pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser. Earlier SXRS experiments relied on signal amplification during pulse propagation through dense resonant media. By contrast, our method reveals the fundamental process in which photons from the primary radiation source directly interact with a single atom. We introduce an experimental protocol in which scattered neutral atoms rather than scattered photons are detected. We present SXRS measurements at the neon K edge and a quantitative theoretical analysis. The method should become a powerful tool in the exploration of nonlinear x-ray physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Eichmann
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - H Rottke
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Meise
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Söderström
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Agåker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.,MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - R Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A De Fanis
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - P Grychtol
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Ilchen
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.,Institut für Physik, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J Montano
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - V Music
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.,Institut für Physik, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | | | - D E Rivas
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S Serkez
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R Wagner
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S Eisebitt
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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4
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O'Neal JT, Champenois EG, Oberli S, Obaid R, Al-Haddad A, Barnard J, Berrah N, Coffee R, Duris J, Galinis G, Garratt D, Glownia JM, Haxton D, Ho P, Li S, Li X, MacArthur J, Marangos JP, Natan A, Shivaram N, Slaughter DS, Walter P, Wandel S, Young L, Bostedt C, Bucksbaum PH, Picón A, Marinelli A, Cryan JP. Electronic Population Transfer via Impulsive Stimulated X-Ray Raman Scattering with Attosecond Soft-X-Ray Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:073203. [PMID: 32857563 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.073203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Free-electron lasers provide a source of x-ray pulses short enough and intense enough to drive nonlinearities in molecular systems. Impulsive interactions driven by these x-ray pulses provide a way to create and probe valence electron motions with high temporal and spatial resolution. Observing these electronic motions is crucial to understand the role of electronic coherence in chemical processes. A simple nonlinear technique for probing electronic motion, impulsive stimulated x-ray Raman scattering (ISXRS), involves a single impulsive interaction to produce a coherent superposition of electronic states. We demonstrate electronic population transfer via ISXRS using broad bandwidth (5.5 eV full width at half maximum) attosecond x-ray pulses produced by the Linac Coherent Light Source. The impulsive excitation is resonantly enhanced by the oxygen 1s→2π^{*} resonance of nitric oxide (NO), and excited state neutral molecules are probed with a time-delayed UV laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T O'Neal
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Elio G Champenois
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Solène Oberli
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Razib Obaid
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Andre Al-Haddad
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Paul-Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Barnard
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nora Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Ryan Coffee
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Joseph Duris
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Gediminas Galinis
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Garratt
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - James M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Phay Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Siqi Li
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - James MacArthur
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jon P Marangos
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adi Natan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Niranjan Shivaram
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel S Slaughter
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Peter Walter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Scott Wandel
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Paul-Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- LUXS Laboratory for Ultrafast X-ray Sciences, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philip H Bucksbaum
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Antonio Picón
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agostino Marinelli
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - James P Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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5
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Rohringer N. X-ray Raman scattering: a building block for nonlinear spectroscopy. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20170471. [PMID: 30929628 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultraintense X-ray free-electron laser pulses of attosecond duration can enable new nonlinear X-ray spectroscopic techniques to observe coherent electronic motion. The simplest nonlinear X-ray spectroscopic concept is based on stimulated electronic X-ray Raman scattering. We present a snapshot of recent experimental achievements, paving the way towards the goal of realizing nonlinear X-ray spectroscopy. In particular, we review the first proof-of-principle experiments, demonstrating stimulated X-ray emission and scattering in atomic gases in the soft X-ray regime and first results of stimulated hard X-ray emission spectroscopy on transition metal complexes. We critically asses the challenges that have to be overcome for future successful implementation of nonlinear coherent X-ray Raman spectroscopy. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Rohringer
- 1 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
- 2 Department of Physics , Universität Hamburg , 20355 Hamburg , Germany
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6
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Harries JR, Iwayama H, Kuma S, Iizawa M, Suzuki N, Azuma Y, Inoue I, Owada S, Togashi T, Tono K, Yabashi M, Shigemasa E. Superfluorescence, Free-Induction Decay, and Four-Wave Mixing: Propagation of Free-Electron Laser Pulses through a Dense Sample of Helium Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:263201. [PMID: 30636148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.263201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental and numerical study of the propagation of free-electron laser pulses (wavelength 24.3 nm) through helium gas. Ionization and excitation populates the He^{+} 4p state. Strong, directional emission was observed at wavelengths of 469, 164, 30.4, and 25.6 nm. We interpret the emissions at 469 and 164 nm as 4p-3s-2p cascade superfluorescence, that at 30.4 nm as yoked superfluorescence on the 2p-1s transition, and that at 25.6 nm as free-induction decay of the 3p state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Iwayama
- UVSOR, IMS, Nishigo-Naka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI, Nishigo-Naka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuma
- Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masatomi Iizawa
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Norihiro Suzuki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Azuma
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Ichiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Centre, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tadashi Togashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Centre, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Eiji Shigemasa
- UVSOR, IMS, Nishigo-Naka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI, Nishigo-Naka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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7
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Zhang Y, Bennett K, Mukamel S. Monitoring Ultrafast Spin Crossover Intermediates in an Iron(II) Complex by Broad Band Stimulated X-ray Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6524-6531. [PMID: 29944375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced spin crossover dynamics of transition metal complexes is of fundamental scientific importance and is used for sensor device applications and solar energy harvesting. Current X-ray and optical spectroscopy experiments for [FeII(bpy)3], an archetypal earth-abundant metal complex, show conflicting spin dynamics. We have simulated the broad band transient X-ray absorption and hybrid (broad + narrow band) X-ray stimulated Raman signals at the N and Fe K-edges of the key excited state intermediates involved in the spin crossover process of this complex. We find that these signals are much more sensitive to electron and spin populations than transition absorption and may be useful in the design of photovoltaic and artificial photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Kochise Bennett
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
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8
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Kroll T, Weninger C, Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D, Zhu D, Mercadier L, Majety VP, Marinelli A, Lutman A, Guetg MW, Decker FJ, Boutet S, Aquila A, Koglin J, Koralek J, DePonte DP, Kern J, Fuller FD, Pastor E, Fransson T, Zhang Y, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Rohringer N, Bergmann U. Stimulated X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy in Transition Metal Complexes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:133203. [PMID: 29694162 PMCID: PMC6007888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.133203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation and analysis of the gain curve of amplified Kα x-ray emission from solutions of Mn(II) and Mn(VII) complexes using an x-ray free electron laser to create the 1s core-hole population inversion. We find spectra at amplification levels extending over 4 orders of magnitude until saturation. We observe bandwidths below the Mn 1s core-hole lifetime broadening in the onset of the stimulated emission. In the exponential amplification regime the resolution corrected spectral width of ∼1.7 eV FWHM is constant over 3 orders of magnitude, pointing to the buildup of transform limited pulses of ∼1 fs duration. Driving the amplification into saturation leads to broadening and a shift of the line. Importantly, the chemical sensitivity of the stimulated x-ray emission to the Mn oxidation state is preserved at power densities of ∼10^{20} W/cm^{2} for the incoming x-ray pulses. Differences in signal sensitivity and spectral information compared to conventional (spontaneous) x-ray emission spectroscopy are discussed. Our findings build a baseline for nonlinear x-ray spectroscopy for a wide range of transition metal complexes in inorganic chemistry, catalysis, and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Clemens Weninger
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Laurent Mercadier
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vinay P Majety
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Agostino Marinelli
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alberto Lutman
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Marc W Guetg
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Franz-Josef Decker
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Andy Aquila
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jason Koglin
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jake Koralek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Daniel P DePonte
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Ernest Pastor
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Thomas Fransson
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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9
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Abela R, Beaud P, van Bokhoven JA, Chergui M, Feurer T, Haase J, Ingold G, Johnson SL, Knopp G, Lemke H, Milne CJ, Pedrini B, Radi P, Schertler G, Standfuss J, Staub U, Patthey L. Perspective: Opportunities for ultrafast science at SwissFEL. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:061602. [PMID: 29376109 PMCID: PMC5758366 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the main specifications of the newly constructed Swiss Free Electron Laser, SwissFEL, and explore its potential impact on ultrafast science. In light of recent achievements at current X-ray free electron lasers, we discuss the potential territory for new scientific breakthroughs offered by SwissFEL in Chemistry, Biology, and Materials Science, as well as nonlinear X-ray science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Abela
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Paul Beaud
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, and Department of Chemistry, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-FSB, Station 6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Haase
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, and Department of Chemistry, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Ingold
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Steven L Johnson
- Institute for Quantum Electronics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Lemke
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Chris J Milne
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Bill Pedrini
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Radi
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Standfuss
- Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Luc Patthey
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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10
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Kowalewski M, Fingerhut BP, Dorfman KE, Bennett K, Mukamel S. Simulating Coherent Multidimensional Spectroscopy of Nonadiabatic Molecular Processes: From the Infrared to the X-ray Regime. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12165-12226. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kowalewski
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Benjamin P. Fingerhut
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin E. Dorfman
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kochise Bennett
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7060592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sanchez-Gonzalez A, Micaelli P, Olivier C, Barillot TR, Ilchen M, Lutman AA, Marinelli A, Maxwell T, Achner A, Agåker M, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Buck J, Bucksbaum PH, Montero SC, Cooper B, Cryan JP, Dong M, Feifel R, Frasinski LJ, Fukuzawa H, Galler A, Hartmann G, Hartmann N, Helml W, Johnson AS, Knie A, Lindahl AO, Liu J, Motomura K, Mucke M, O'Grady C, Rubensson JE, Simpson ER, Squibb RJ, Såthe C, Ueda K, Vacher M, Walke DJ, Zhaunerchyk V, Coffee RN, Marangos JP. Accurate prediction of X-ray pulse properties from a free-electron laser using machine learning. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15461. [PMID: 28580940 PMCID: PMC5465316 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-electron lasers providing ultra-short high-brightness pulses of X-ray radiation have great potential for a wide impact on science, and are a critical element for unravelling the structural dynamics of matter. To fully harness this potential, we must accurately know the X-ray properties: intensity, spectrum and temporal profile. Owing to the inherent fluctuations in free-electron lasers, this mandates a full characterization of the properties for each and every pulse. While diagnostics of these properties exist, they are often invasive and many cannot operate at a high-repetition rate. Here, we present a technique for circumventing this limitation. Employing a machine learning strategy, we can accurately predict X-ray properties for every shot using only parameters that are easily recorded at high-repetition rate, by training a model on a small set of fully diagnosed pulses. This opens the door to fully realizing the promise of next-generation high-repetition rate X-ray lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Micaelli
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - C Olivier
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - T R Barillot
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - M Ilchen
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A A Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Marinelli
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Maxwell
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Achner
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Agåker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, U-3046, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Bostedt
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J D Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Buck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P H Bucksbaum
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S Carron Montero
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, California Lutheran University, 60 West Olsen Road, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, USA
| | - B Cooper
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J P Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Dong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L J Frasinski
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - A Galler
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G Hartmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - N Hartmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Helml
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Physics Department E11, TU Munich, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A S Johnson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A O Lindahl
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Liu
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Mucke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - C O'Grady
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - E R Simpson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Vacher
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Chemistry-Ångtröm, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - D J Walke
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R N Coffee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J P Marangos
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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