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Zhu J, Long T, Gao L, Zhong Y, Wang P, Wang X, Li Z, Hu Z. RPL21 interacts with LAMP3 to promote colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating focal adhesion formation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:31. [PMID: 37062845 PMCID: PMC10108486 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the leading cause of death among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, it is important to explore the molecular mechanisms of metastasis to develop effective therapeutic targets for CRC. In the present study, ribosomal protein L21 (RPL21) was considered as being involved in promoting CRC metastasis, yet the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to measure the expression of RPL21 and lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) in CRC tissues and cells. Wound healing, transwell migration, and invasion assays were performed to study the migration and invasion of cultured CRC cells. An orthotopic CRC mouse model was developed to investigate the metastatic ability of CRC. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to identify the genes related to RPL21. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to determine the transcriptional activity of transcription factor EB (TFEB). The GST/His pull-down assay was performed to investigate the specific binding sites of RPL21 and LAMP3. The cell adhesion assay was performed to determine the adhesion ability of CRC cells. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe focal adhesions (FAs). RESULTS RPL21 was highly expressed in CRC, contributing to tumor invasiveness and poor patient prognosis. Functionally, RPL21 promoted the migration and invasion of CRC cells in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Moreover, LAMP3 was identified as being highly related to RPL21 and was essential in promoting the migration and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, RPL21 activated the transcriptional function of TFEB to upregulate LAMP3 expression. RPL21 directly bound to the aa 341-416 domain of LAMP3 via its aa 1-40 and aa 111-160 segments. The combination of RPL21 and LAMP3 enhanced the stability of the RPL21 protein by suppressing the degradation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Furthermore, RPL21 and LAMP3 promoted the formation of immature FAs by activating the FAK/paxillin/ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS RPL21 promoted invasion and metastasis by regulating FA formation in a LAMP3-dependent manner during CRC progression. The interaction between RPL21 and LAMP3 may function as a potential therapeutic target against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxian Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Long
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingfang Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuguo Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang D, Lu W, Cui S, Mei H, Wu X, Zhuo Z. Establishment of an ovarian cancer omentum metastasis-related prognostic model by integrated analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:123. [PMID: 36424614 PMCID: PMC9686070 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignant tumors, and it preferentially metastasizes to omental tissue, leading to intestinal obstruction and death. scRNA-seq is a powerful technique to reveal tumor heterogeneity. Analyzing omentum metastasis of ovarian cancer at the single-cell level may be more conducive to exploring and understanding omentum metastasis and prognosis of ovarian cancer at the cellular function and genetic levels. METHODS The omentum metastasis site scRNA-seq data of GSE147082 were acquired from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database, and single cells were clustered by the Seruat package and annotated by the SingleR package. Cell differentiation trajectories were reconstructed through the monocle package. The ovarian cancer microarray data of GSE132342 were downloaded from GEO and were clustered by using the ConsensusClusterPlus package into omentum metastasis-associated clusters according to the marker genes gained from single-cell differentiation trajectory analysis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune infiltration differences between clusters were analyzed by the estimate and CIBERSORT packages. The expression matrix of genes used to cluster GSE132342 patients was extracted from bulk RNA-seq data of TCGA-OV (The Cancer Genome Atlas ovarian cancer), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression were performed to establish an omentum metastasis-associated gene (OMAG) signature. The signature was then tested by GSE132342 data. Finally, the clinicopathological characteristics of TCGA-OV were screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to draw the nomogram. RESULTS A total of 9885 cells from 6 patients were clustered into 18 cell clusters and annotated into 14 cell types. Reconstruction of differentiation trajectories divided the cells into 5 branches, and a total of 781 cell trajectory-related characteristic genes were obtained. A total of 3769 patients in GSE132342 were subtyped into 3 clusters by 74 cell trajectory-related characteristic genes. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis showed that the prognosis of cluster 2 was the worst, P < 0.001. The TME analysis showed that the ESTIMATE score and stromal score in cluster 2 were significantly higher than those in the other two clusters, P < 0.001. The immune infiltration analysis showed differences in the fraction of 8 immune cells among the 3 clusters, P < 0.05. The expression data of 74 genes used for GEO clustering were extracted from 379 patients in TCGA-OV, and combined with survival information, 10 candidates for OMAGs were filtered by LASSO. By using multivariate Cox regression, the 6-OMAGs signature was established as RiskScore = 0.307*TIMP3 + 3.516*FBN1-0.109*IGKC + 0.209*RPL21 + 0.870*UCHL1 + 0.365*RARRES1. Taking TCGA-OV as the training set and GSE132342 as the test set, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to verify the prognostic value of 6-OMAGs. Screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, 3 (age, cancer status, primary therapy outcome) of 5 clinicopathological characteristics were used to construct the nomogram combined with risk score. CONCLUSION We constructed an ovarian cancer prognostic model related to omentum metastasis composed of 6-OMAGs and 3 clinicopathological features and analyzed the potential mechanism of these 6-OMAGs in ovarian cancer omental metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Zhang
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Cui
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heting Mei
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhili Zhuo
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
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Khan MIK, Charles RCM, Ramachandran R, Gupta S, Govindaraju G, Mishra R, Rajavelu A, Coumar MS, Chavali S, Dhayalan A. The ribosomal protein eL21 interacts with the protein lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 and regulates its steady state levels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119079. [PMID: 34147559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The protein lysine methyltransferase, SMYD2 is involved in diverse cellular events by regulating protein functions through lysine methylation. Though several substrate proteins of SMYD2 are well-studied, only a limited number of its interaction partners have been identified and characterized. Here, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening of SMYD2 and found that the ribosomal protein, eL21 could interact with SMYD2. SMYD2-eL21 interaction in the human cells was confirmed by immunoprecipitation methods. In vitro pull-down assays revealed that SMYD2 interacts with eL21 directly through its SET and MYND domain. Computational mapping, followed by experimental studies identified that Lys81 and Lys83 residues of eL21 are important for the SMYD2-eL21 interaction. Evolutionary analysis showed that these residues might have co-evolved with the emergence of SMYD2. We found that eL21 regulates the steady state levels of SMYD2 by promoting its transcription and inhibiting its proteasomal degradation. Importantly, SMYD2-eL21 interaction plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and its dysregulation might lead to tumorigenesis. Our findings highlight a novel extra-ribosomal function of eL21 on regulating SMYD2 levels and imply that ribosomal proteins might regulate wide range of cellular functions through protein-protein interactions in addition to their core function in translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran K Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | | | - Reshma Ramachandran
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517 507, India
| | - Somlee Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Gayathri Govindaraju
- Interdisciplinary Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695 014, India
| | - Rashmi Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Arumugam Rajavelu
- Interdisciplinary Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695 014, India
| | | | - Sreenivas Chavali
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517 507, India.
| | - Arunkumar Dhayalan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India.
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Engqvist H, Parris TZ, Kovács A, Rönnerman EW, Sundfeldt K, Karlsson P, Helou K. Validation of Novel Prognostic Biomarkers for Early-Stage Clear-Cell, Endometrioid and Mucinous Ovarian Carcinomas Using Immunohistochemistry. Front Oncol 2020; 10:162. [PMID: 32133296 PMCID: PMC7040170 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-stage (I and II) ovarian carcinoma patients generally have good prognosis. Yet, some patients die earlier than expected. Thus, it is important to stratify early-stage patients into risk groups to identify those in need of more aggressive treatment regimens. The prognostic value of 29 histotype-specific biomarkers identified using RNA sequencing was evaluated for early-stage clear-cell (CCC), endometrioid (EC) and mucinous (MC) ovarian carcinomas (n = 112) using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Biomarkers with prognostic significance were further evaluated in an external ovarian carcinoma data set using the web-based Kaplan-Meier plotter tool. Here, we provide evidence of aberrant protein expression patterns and prognostic significance of 17 novel histotype-specific prognostic biomarkers [10 for CCC (ARPC2, CCT5, GNB1, KCTD10, NUP155, RPL13A, RPL37, SETD3, SMYD2, TRIO), three for EC (CECR1, KIF26B, PIK3CA), and four for MC (CHEK1, FOXM1, KIF23, PARPBP)], suggesting biological heterogeneity within the histotypes. Combined predictive models comprising the protein expression status of the validated CCC, EC and MC biomarkers together with established clinical markers (age, stage, CA125, ploidy) improved the predictive power in comparison with models containing established clinical markers alone, further strengthening the importance of the biomarkers in ovarian carcinoma. Further, even improved predictive powers were demonstrated when combining these models with our previously identified prognostic biomarkers PITHD1 (CCC) and GPR158 (MC). Moreover, the proteins demonstrated improved risk prediction of CCC-, EC-, and MC-associated ovarian carcinoma survival. The novel histotype-specific prognostic biomarkers may not only improve prognostication and patient stratification of early-stage ovarian carcinomas, but may also guide future clinical therapy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z. Parris
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Leite GGF, Scicluna BP, van der Poll T, Salomão R. Genetic signature related to heme-hemoglobin metabolism pathway in sepsis secondary to pneumonia. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:26. [PMID: 31396396 PMCID: PMC6672010 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated inflammatory response to pathogens. Bioinformatics and transcriptomics studies contribute to get a better understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis. These studies revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sepsis involved in several pathways. Here we investigated the gene expression profiles of blood leukocytes using three microarray datasets of sepsis secondary to pneumonia, focusing on the heme/hemoglobin metabolism pathway. We demonstrate that the heme/hemoglobin metabolism pathway was found to be enriched in these three cohorts with four common genes (ALAS2, AHSP, HBD, and CA1). Several studies show that these four genes are involved in the cytoprotection of non-erythrocyte cells in response to different stress conditions. The upregulation of heme/hemoglobin metabolism in sepsis might be a protective response of white cells to the hostile environment present in septic patients (follow-up samples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gianini Figuerêido Leite
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center of Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center of Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reinaldo Salomão
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Molavi G, Samadi N, Hosseingholi EZ. The roles of moonlight ribosomal proteins in the development of human cancers. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8327-8341. [PMID: 30417503 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
"Moonlighting protein" is a term used to define a single protein with multiple functions and different activities that are not derived from gene fusions, multiple RNA splicing, or the proteolytic activity of promiscuous enzymes. Different proteinous constituents of ribosomes have been shown to have important moonlighting extra-ribosomal functions. In this review, we introduce the impact of key moonlight ribosomal proteins and dependent signal transduction in the initiation and progression of various cancers. As a future perspective, the potential role of these moonlight ribosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and development of novel strategies to improve the efficacy of therapies for human cancers has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Molavi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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