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Souza GB, Santos TAC, Silva APS, Barreiros ALBS, Nardelli VB, Siqueira IB, Dolabella SS, Costa EV, Alves PB, Scher R, Fernandes RPM. Synthesis of chalcone derivatives by Claisen-Schmidt condensation and in vitro analyses of their antiprotozoal activities. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1326-1333. [PMID: 36331421 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2140337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chalcone is a molecule with known biological activities. Based on this, a series of chalcone derivatives bearing methyl, phenyl or furanyl substituents at different positions of A and B rings were synthesised, characterised, and evaluated regarding antiprotozoal activity. Molecules were synthesised via base catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt condensation and characterised by IR and NMR spectral data. Antiprotozoal activity against Phytomonas serpens, Leishmania amazonensis and Acanthamoeba polyphaga was performed. All compounds inhibited more than 50% of the growth of P. serpens while five had this effect on L. amazonensis and all of them no more than 35% of inhibition on A. polyphaga. Remarkably interesting antiprotozoal effects were recorded with compound 5, with IC50 of 1.59 µM for P. serpens and 11.49 µM for L. amazonensis. The addition of a naphthyl group to the B ring can be postulated to be the cause of the 10 times increase observed in its trypanocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella B Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Tamiris A C Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Amanda P S Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | | | | | - Ingrid B Siqueira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Silvio S Dolabella
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Emmanoel V Costa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Péricles B Alves
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Scher
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Roberta P M Fernandes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
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Santos TAC, Silva KP, Souza GB, Alves PB, Menna-Barreto RFS, Scher R, Fernandes RPM. Chalcone Derivative Induces Flagellar Disruption and Autophagic Phenotype in Phytomonas serpens In Vitro. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030423. [PMID: 36986345 PMCID: PMC10051746 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytomonas serpens is a trypanosomatid phytoparasite, found in a great variety of species, including tomato plants. It is a significant problem for agriculture, causing high economic loss. In order to reduce the vegetal infections, different strategies have been used. The biological activity of molecules obtained from natural sources has been widely investigated to treat trypanosomatids infections. Among these compounds, chalcones have been shown to have anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory effects, being described as having a remarkable activity on trypanosomatids, especially in Leishmania species. Here, we evaluated the antiprotozoal activity of the chalcone derivative (NaF) on P. serpens promastigotes, while also assessing its mechanism of action. The results showed that treatment with the derivative NaF for 24 h promotes an important reduction in the parasite proliferation (IC50/24 h = 23.6 ± 4.6 µM). At IC50/24 h concentration, the compound induced an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a shortening of the unique flagellum of the parasites. Electron microscopy evaluation reinforced the flagellar phenotype in treated promastigotes, and a dilated flagellar pocket was frequently observed. The treatment also promoted a prominent autophagic phenotype. An increased number of autophagosomes were detected, presenting different levels of cargo degradation, endoplasmic reticulum profiles surrounding different cellular structures, and the presence of concentric membranar structures inside the mitochondrion. Chalcone derivatives may present an opportunity to develop a treatment for the P. serpens infection, as they are easy to synthesize and are low in cost. In order to develop a new product, further studies are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris A. C. Santos
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Kleiton P. Silva
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Gabriella B. Souza
- Laboratório de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Péricles B. Alves
- Laboratório de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Rubem F. S. Menna-Barreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.F.S.M.-B.); (R.P.M.F.)
| | - Ricardo Scher
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Imunologia do Câncer e Leishmania, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Roberta P. M. Fernandes
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.F.S.M.-B.); (R.P.M.F.)
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Vilková M, Michalková R, Kello M, Sabolová D, Takáč P, Kudličková Z, Garberová M, Tvrdoňová M, Béres T, Mojžiš J. Discovery of novel acridine-chalcone hybrids with potent DNA binding and antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Egbujor MC, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by natural and synthetic chalcones: a therapeutic road map for oxidative stress. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:465-480. [PMID: 33691555 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1901578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a key role in diverse gene expressions responsible for protection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Chalcones with a common chemical scaffold of 1,3-diaryl-2- propen-1-one, are abundantly present in nature with a wide variety of pharmacological properties. This review will discuss the interactions of natural and synthetic chalcones with Nrf2 signaling.Areas covered:Chalcones are reportedly found to activate Nrf2 signaling pathway, expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes, induce cytoprotective proteins and upregulate multidrug resistance-associated proteins. Chalcones being soft electrophiles are less prone to hostile off-target effects and unlikely to induce carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Furthermore, their low toxicity, structural diversity, feasibility in structural reorganization and the presence of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group which makes them suitable drug candidates targeting Nrf2-dependent diseases.Expert opinion:Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway plays a central role in redox signaling. However, available therapeutic agents for Nrf2 activation have limited practical applications due to their associated risks, relatively low efficacy and bioavailability. The designing and fabrication of new chemical entities with chalcone scaffold-based Michael acceptor mechanism should be aimed as potential therapeutic Nrf2 activators to target oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases such as atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melford Chuka Egbujor
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Asressu K, Chan CK, Wang CC. One-Pot Synthesis of 1,5-Diketones under a Transition-Metal-Free Condition: Application in the Synthesis of 2,4,6-Triaryl Pyridine Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:7296-7311. [PMID: 33778244 PMCID: PMC7992091 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We developed a facile and green one-pot synthetic method for substituted 1,3,5-triaryl-1,5-diketones by Claisen-Schmidt condensation following Michael addition reaction of aryl ketones and aryl aldehydes under a transition-metal-free condition. This convenient one-pot synthetic strategy has several advantages, including being transition-metal-free, having no extra additives or reagents, having a broad substrate scope, having a high isolated yield, having a minimum amount of base employment, having a shorter reaction time, use of cheap starting materials, cost-effectiveness, and being environment friendly. Some of the chemical structures of 1,5-diketones were confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The application of 1,5-diketones was demonstrated in the preparation of 2,4,6-triaryl pyridine derivatives under a catalyst-free system using ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia
Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Recent progress in synthesis and characterization of metal chalcone complexes and their potential as bioactive agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lu S, Obianom ON, Ai Y. Novel hybrids derived from aspirin and chalcones potently suppress colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1722-1732. [PMID: 30429977 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths around the world despite the availability of many approved small molecules for treatment. The issues lie in the potency, selectivity and targeting of these compounds. Therefore, new strategies and targets are needed to optimize and develop novel treatments for CRC. Here, a group of novel hybrids derived from aspirin and chalcones were designed and synthesized based on recent reports of their individual benefits to CRC targeting and selectivity. The most active compound 7h inhibited proliferation of CRC cell lines with better potency compared to 5-fluorouracil, a currently used therapeutic agent for CRC. Importantly, 7h had 8-fold less inhibitory activity against non-cancer CCD841 cells. In addition, 7h inhibited CRC growth via the inhibition of the cell cycle in the G1 phase. Furthermore, 7h induced apoptosis by activating caspase 3 and PARP cleavage, as well as increasing ROS in CRC cells. Finally, 7h significantly retarded the CRC cell growth in a mouse xenograft model. These findings suggest that 7h may have potential to treat CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- College of Pharmacy , Hubei University of Chinese Medicine , Hubei 430065 , PR China .
| | - Obinna N Obianom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD 21201 , USA .
| | - Yong Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD 21201 , USA .
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