Synthesis of nitrogen-rich and thermostable energetic materials based on hetarenecarboxylic acids

Two series of both nitrogen-rich and thermostable energetic materials as well as their energetic salts based on hetarenecarboxylic acids are now described. Among these new compounds, neutral compounds 3 and 10 have higher nitrogen contents (69.66% and 63.05%) than their energetic salts, which suggests that they could be used as green energetic materials. In addition, compound 3 shows a good decomposition temperature (T_d = 281 °C), which is close to that of TNT (T_d = 295 °C). Nitrogen-rich salt 6 exhibits better integrated energetic-properties (D = 8913 m s^-1, IS = 24 J, FS = 320 N) than RDX (D = 8795 m s^-1, IS = 7.5 J, FS = 120 N).

Azo- and methylene-bridged mixed azoles for stable and insensitive energetic applications

A simple synthetic strategy for the preparation of high nitrogen content azo- and methylene bridged mixed energetic azoles was used.

Design, synthesis and investigations of a series of energetic salts through the variation of amines and concentration of picrate anions

Eight energetic salts combining N-bases with picrate ion were synthesized in high yields. The structures and energetic properties were regulated by the variation of N-base molecules and the concentration of the picric acid in the reaction mixture.

5-Amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carbohydrazide and its applications in the synthesis of energetic salts: a new strategy for constructing the nitrogen-rich cation based on the energetic moiety combination

A new strategy for constructing a nitrogen-rich cation through energetic moiety (energetic “gene”) combination was presented and its derivatives were synthesized.

Energetic π-conjugated vinyl bridged triazoles: a thermally stable and insensitive heterocyclic cation

A new family of vinyl bridged energetic nitrogen-rich salts with diversiform crystal-packing, good thermal stabilities, detonation performance and insensitive properties were synthesized and fully characterized.

Structures and properties of energetic cations in energetic salts

Energetic cations play important roles in energetic performance, which may attribute to the diverse backbones and substituted groups of energetic cations. This review emphasizes the roles of backbones and substituted groups in the energetic performance of energetic salts.