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Chai K, Shen R, Qi T, Chen J, Su W, Su A. Continuous-Flow Hydrogenation of Nitroaromatics in Microreactor with Mesoporous Pd@SBA-15. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11041074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrogenation of nitroaromatics to prepare aromatic amines plays a crucial role in the chemical industry. Traditional hydrogenation has the risk of hydrogen leakage from the equipment, and its catalyst has the disadvantage of being easily deactivated and difficult to recover. In this study, we designed an efficient and stable mesoporous catalyst, Pd@SBA-15, which was constructed by impregnating the nanopores of the mesoporous material SBA-15 with palladium nanoparticles. The catalyst was then filled in a micro-packed-bed reactor (MPBR) for continuous flow hydrogenation. The designed continuous flow hydrogenation system has two distinctive features. First, we used mesoporous Pd@SBA-15 instead of the traditional bulk Pd/C as the hydrogenation catalyst, which is more suitable for exposing the active sites of metal Pd and reducing the agglomeration of nanometals. The highly ordered porous structure enhances hydrogen adsorption and thus hydrogenation efficiency. Secondly, the continuous flow system allows for precise detection and control of the reaction process. The highly efficient catalysts do not require complex post-treatment recovery, which continues to operate for 24 h with barely any reduction in activity. Due to the high catalytic activity, the designed mesoporous Pd@SBA-15 showed excellent catalytic performance as a hydrogenation catalyst in a continuous flow system with 99% conversion of nitroaromatics in 1 min. This work provides insights into the rational design of hydrogenation systems in the chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Chai
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Runqiu Shen
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tingting Qi
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianli Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- College of New Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Weike Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - An Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Cantopcu E, Aydinli E, Goksu H. Homogeneous catalyst containing Pd in the reduction of aryl azides to primary amines. J CHEM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-022-02032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kang X, Cai X, Yi L, Xi Z. Multifluorinated Aryl Azides for the Development of Improved H 2 S Probes, and Fast Strain-promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition and Staudinger Reactions. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1420-1429. [PMID: 32144862 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of advanced bioorthogonal reactions for detection and labeling of biomolecules is significant in chemical biology. Recently, researchers have found that multifluorinated aryl azides hold great potential for the development of improved bioorthogonal reactions. The fluorine atom can be a perfect substituent group because of its properties of excellent electronegativity and small steric hindrance. In this Minireview, we discuss recent developments of improved hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) fluorescence probes, fast strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) and nonhydrolysis Staudinger reactions based on the use of multifluorinated aryl azides. Additionally, kinetic studies and biological applications of these reactions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuekang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Long Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Huang T, Sheng G, Manchanda P, Emwas AH, Lai Z, Nunes SP, Peinemann KV. Cyclodextrin polymer networks decorated with subnanometer metal nanoparticles for high-performance low-temperature catalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax6976. [PMID: 31701005 PMCID: PMC6824859 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax6976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of support materials with suitable coordination sites and confined structures for the controlled growth of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles is of great importance in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, by rational design of a cross-linked β-cyclodextrin polymer network (CPN), various metal nanoparticles (palladium, silver, platinum, gold, and rhodium) of subnanometer size (<1 nm) and narrow size distribution are formed via a mild and facile procedure. The presence of the metal coordination sites and the network structure are key to the successful synthesis and stabilization of the ultrasmall metal nanoparticles. The as-prepared CPN, loaded with palladium nanoparticles, is used as a heterogeneous catalyst and shows outstanding catalytic performance in the hydrogenation of nitro compounds and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction under mild conditions. The CPN support works synergistically with the metal nanoparticles, achieving high catalytic activity and selectivity. In addition, the catalytic activity of the formed catalyst is controllable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefan Huang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guan Sheng
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanka Manchanda
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul H. Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzana Pereira Nunes
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Klaus-Viktor Peinemann
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Kilbas B, Ergen S, Cakici D. Highly Efficient and Reusable Pd/AlO(OH) Catalyzed Synthesis of Acridinedione Derivatives. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666190701130253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Synthesis of acridinedione derivatives via one-pot multi-component approaches
using highly active and reusable Pd/AlO(OH) heterogenous catalyst was studied. This process
provided a convenient method to obtain various acridinediones with potential biological activities.
The reactions were performed in mild conditions such as low temperature and short reaction
time with desirable yields.
Methods:
Commercially available Pd/AlO(OH) nanoparticles characterized by XRD and SEM methods
were afforded for the synthesis of acridinedione derivatives with high yields. Crude products
were analyzed by GC and 1H NMR. The reactions were completed within 1h at 40°C by the assistance
of ultrasound system.
Results:
Optimization of reaction conditions is of critical case for successful synthesis. Solvent, temperature,
time and amount of catalyst were studied. At the end of the experiments, the synthesis of 1
mmol of acridinedione was optimized by using 25 mg of Pd/AlO(OH) NPs, 3 ml of DMF for 60 min
at 40°C in the ultrasound system. An experimental work to check the reusability of the catalyst was
also studied. Pd/Al(O)OH catalyst in the first run was higher than that of the reused catalyst in the
fifth run. ICP-OES analyses showed palladium leaching into the reaction medium was only 1.1%
which is negligible. Nanocatalyst employed a high activity and good reusability.
Conclusion:
A convenient and versatile method was developed for the synthesis of acridinediones in
a mild condition with absolute conversion and high yield using ultrasound system in the presence of
nanocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benan Kilbas
- Moltek A.S. Gebze Organize Sanayi, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sinem Ergen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Duzce University, 81620 Duzce, Turkey
| | - Davut Cakici
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Duzce University, 81620 Duzce, Turkey
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Gan B, Jiang X, Mi Z, Zhang C, Bai R, Shuai Q, Xie Y. Straightforward synthesis of amino-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one iron chelators via BBr 3-mediated tandem reduction of azides and deprotection of methyl ether. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1542002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhisheng Mi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Changjung Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Renren Bai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Shuai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People’s Republic of China
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Göksu H, Gültekin E. Pd nanoparticles Incarcerated in Aluminium Oxy-Hydroxide: An Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Knoevenagel Condensation. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haydar Göksu
- Kaynasli Vocational College; Duzce University; Düzce 81900 Turkey
| | - Emine Gültekin
- Kaynasli Vocational College; Duzce University; Düzce 81900 Turkey
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