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Bi H, Lobet M, Saikin SK, Li Y, Huo C, Jian J, Wu X, Reichert J, Aspuru-Guzik A, Mazur E. Optically Induced Molecular Logic Operations. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15248-15255. [PMID: 33140948 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics is a promising route for down-sizing electronic devices. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy provides us a setup to probe current-driven molecular junctions that are considered as prototypes of molecular electronic devices. In this setup, the plasmonic tip concentrates optical fields to a degree that allows observing optical response of single molecules. Simultaneously, the tip can also induce a localized optical angular momentum, which has been seldomly considered in previous studies. Here, we propose that the induced optical angular momentum can interact with the probed molecule and strongly modify the response signal. Specifically, we demonstrate the ability to control the vibrational resonance of current-driven molecular junctions with the optical angular momentum. This precise control of light-matter interactions at the nanoscale allows us to demonstrate multiple logic operations. These results provide a fundamental understanding of future molecular electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Bi
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Material Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michaël Lobet
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Centre Spatial de Liège, Avenue du Pré-Aily, B-4031 Angleur, Belgium
| | - Semion K Saikin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
- Kebotix, Inc., 501 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chanyuan Huo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Material Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiahuang Jian
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Material Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Material Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Computer Sciences, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eric Mazur
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Synthesis and Photoinduced Anisotropy of Polymers Containing Nunchaku-Like Unit with an Azobenzene and a Mesogen. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040600. [PMID: 30960583 PMCID: PMC6523569 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of polymers containing nunchaku-like unit with an azo chromophore and a mesogen group was successfully prepared and photoinduced anisotropy of the obtained polymers was minutely investigated. Firstly, monomers containing nunchaku-like unit with an azo chromophore and a mesogen group linked by flexible group were synthesized. The structure of the monomers was confirmed via NMR COSY spectra. Subsequently, the obtained monomers were polymerized into corresponding polymers through RAFT polymerization. The prepared polymer samples were characterized through NMR, FTIR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and UV-vis testing while the thermal properties of the samples were investigated through differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements. The photoinduced isomerization of the polymers, which was researched in situ via measuring UV-vis spectra of the polymer solutions and spin-coated films under irradiation with 450 nm light or putting in darkness, demonstrated the rapid trans-cis-trans isomerization of the polymers. When irradiated with a linearly polarized light, significant photoinduced birefringence and dichroism were observed, suggesting photoinduced isomerization of azobenzene can drive orientation of mesogen in the system. This study blazes a way to design the optical materials with light-controllable birefringence and dichroism.
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Zhu Y, Ma C, Han H, Sun R, Liao X, Xie M. Azobenzene-functionalized polymers by ring-opening metathesis polymerization for high dielectric and energy storage performance. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymers with push–pull azobenzene pendants and core–shell nanostructures exhibited high and regulated dielectric constants by photoisomerization of azobenzene groups, low dielectric loss, and high energy density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Cuihong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Huijin Han
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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Kharintsev SS, Gazizov AR, Salakhov MK, Kazarian SG. Near-field depolarization of tip-enhanced Raman scattering by single azo-chromophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24088-24098. [PMID: 30204183 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic symmetry and orientation of single molecules play a crucial role in enhanced optical spectroscopy and nanoscopic imaging. Unlike bulk materials, in which all molecular orientations are unavoidably averaged in the far-field, intensities of vibrational modes in tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) depend greatly on the polarization direction of near-field light. It means that a near-field Raman "dichroism" becomes possible for anisotropic single molecules. Quantitative evaluation of the molecular orientation gets complicated by the depolarization of TERS intensities. Clearly, the depolarization effect is enhanced with an optical antenna and/or a substrate due to their anisotropic origin. In this study, we provide theoretical and experimental insights into Raman tensors of a single azobenzene chromophore, a Disperse Orange 3 (DO3) molecule, supported with a glass base. It is shown that the Raman intensities of the spectral bands corresponding to symmetric and antisymmetric vibrations of the DO3 molecule, for example, -NO2 and -NH2 moieties, behave differently on the nanoscale. In particular, three-dimensional far- and near-field Raman diagrams indicate that antisymmetric vibrations become highly depolarized, whereas symmetric vibrations remain unchangeable but intensities of their spectral bands are enhanced. Here, we introduce a near-field depolarization factor defined as a normalized discrepancy of longitudinal and transverse TERS signals. We believe that our first steps will ultimately lead to advanced facilities of TERS spectroscopy and nanoscopy, related to the orientation of anisotropic single molecules and their symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Kharintsev
- Department of Optics and Nanophotonics, Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya, 16, Kazan, 420008, Russia.
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Hinrichs K, Shaykhutdinov T. Polarization-Dependent Atomic Force Microscopy-Infrared Spectroscopy (AFM-IR): Infrared Nanopolarimetric Analysis of Structure and Anisotropy of Thin Films and Surfaces. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:817-832. [PMID: 29652171 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818763604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infrared techniques enable nondestructive and label-free studies of thin films with high chemical and structural contrast. In this work, we review recent progress and perspectives in the nanoscale analysis of anisotropic materials using an extended version of the atomic force microscopy-infrared (AFM-IR) technique. This advanced photothermal technique, includes polarization control of the incoming light and bridges the gap in IR spectroscopic analysis of local anisotropic material properties. Such local anisotropy occurs in a wide range of materials during molecular nucleation, aggregation, and crystallization processes. However, analysis of the anisotropy in morphology and structure can be experimentally and theoretically demanding as it is related to order and disorder processes in ranges from nanoscopic to macroscopic length scales, depending on preparation and environmental conditions. In this context IR techniques can significantly assist as IR spectra can be interpreted in the framework of optical models and numerical calculations with respect to both, the present chemical conditions as well as the micro- and nanostructure. With these extraordinary analytic possibilities, the advanced AFM-IR approach is an essential puzzle piece in direction to connect nanoscale and macroscale anisotropic thin film properties experimentally. In this review, we highlight the analytic possibilities of AFM-IR for studies on nanoscale anisotropy with a set of examples for polymer, plasmonic, and polaritonic films, as well as aggregates of large molecules and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Hinrichs
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS e.V., Berlin, Germany
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Vapaavuori J, Bazuin CG, Pellerin C. Taming Macromolecules with Light: Lessons Learned from Vibrational Spectroscopy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Vapaavuori
- Département de chimieUniversité de Montréal Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | | | - Christian Pellerin
- Département de chimieUniversité de Montréal Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
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Chernykh E, Kharintsev S, Fishman A, Alekseev A, Salakhov M. Determination of the Glass Transition Temperature of Freestanding and Supported Azo-Polymer Thin Films by Thermal Assisted Atomic Force Microscopy. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713900007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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