1
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Yuan C, Pan C. Recent Advances in the N-Aryl C—H Functionalization Using 7-Azaindole as Intrinsic Directing Group. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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2
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Rajput S, Kaur R, Jain N. Pd and photoredox dual catalysis assisted decarboxylative ortho-benzoylation of N-phenyl-7-azaindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1453-1461. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Directing group assisted decarboxylative ortho-benzoylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with α-keto acids has been achieved by synergistic visible light promoted photoredox and palladium catalysis. The approach tenders rapid entry to aryl ketone...
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3
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Zhu Y, Xu H, Zhang J, Luo Y, Dong L. Ru(II)‐Catalyzed Difluoromethylations of 7‐Azaindoles: Access to Novel Fluoro‐7‐Azaindole Derivatives. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Bei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
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4
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Liu J, Jiang J, Yang Z, Zeng Q, Zheng J, Zhang S, Zheng L, Zhang SS, Liu ZQ. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:993-997. [PMID: 33443262 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02323j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Rh(iii)-catalyzed C-H oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols by merging tandem C-H and C-C cleavage was developed. This transformation features mild reaction conditions, high regioselectivity, and excellent functional group compatibility. The resulting β-aryl ketone derivatives can be readily transformed into 7-azaindole-containing π-extended polycyclic heteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jinyuan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenke Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Qiaohai Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jieying Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Siying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Liyao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
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5
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Wang YY, Liu M, Dong L. Rh(iii)-Catalyzed multi-site-selective C–H bond functionalization: condition-controlled synthesis of diverse fused polycyclic benzimidazole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multi-site-selective C–H activation: Diverse novel fused polycyclic- and multi-substituted 2-oxyl naphthalene benzimidazole derivatives were selectively synthesized via Rh(iii)-catalyzed tandem C–H activation/cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
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6
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Tian T, Dong AS, Chen D, Cao XT, Wang G. Regioselective C-C cross-coupling of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with maleimides through iridium-catalyzed C-H activation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7664-7668. [PMID: 31365018 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01539f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A regioselective C-C cross-coupling of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with maleimides through iridium catalysis was developed. This transformation tactically linked the 1,2,4-thiadiazoles and succinimides together, and the novel molecules formed may have potential biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Medical Tissue Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, P. R. China.
| | - An-Shun Dong
- The Key Laboratory for Medical Tissue Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Medical Tissue Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, P. R. China.
| | - Xian-Ting Cao
- The Key Laboratory for Medical Tissue Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, P. R. China.
| | - Guannan Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Medical Tissue Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, P. R. China
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7
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Sambiagio C, Schönbauer D, Blieck R, Dao-Huy T, Pototschnig G, Schaaf P, Wiesinger T, Zia MF, Wencel-Delord J, Besset T, Maes BUW, Schnürch M. A comprehensive overview of directing groups applied in metal-catalysed C-H functionalisation chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6603-6743. [PMID: 30033454 PMCID: PMC6113863 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1105] [Impact Index Per Article: 184.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review is devoted to summarizing the recent advances (2015-2017) in the field of metal-catalysed group-directed C-H functionalisation. In order to clearly showcase the molecular diversity that can now be accessed by means of directed C-H functionalisation, the whole is organized following the directing groups installed on a substrate. Its aim is to be a comprehensive reference work, where a specific directing group can be easily found, together with the transformations which have been carried out with it. Hence, the primary format of this review is schemes accompanied with a concise explanatory text, in which the directing groups are ordered in sections according to their chemical structure. The schemes feature typical substrates used, the products obtained as well as the required reaction conditions. Importantly, each example is commented on with respect to the most important positive features and drawbacks, on aspects such as selectivity, substrate scope, reaction conditions, directing group removal, and greenness. The targeted readership are both experts in the field of C-H functionalisation chemistry (to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in the last years) and, even more so, all organic chemists who want to introduce the C-H functionalisation way of thinking for a design of straightforward, efficient and step-economic synthetic routes towards molecules of interest to them. Accordingly, this review should be of particular interest also for scientists from industrial R&D sector. Hence, the overall goal of this review is to promote the application of C-H functionalisation reactions outside the research groups dedicated to method development and establishing it as a valuable reaction archetype in contemporary R&D, comparable to the role cross-coupling reactions play to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Sambiagio
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - David Schönbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Remi Blieck
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Toan Dao-Huy
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Gerit Pototschnig
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Patricia Schaaf
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Thomas Wiesinger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Zia
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 7509)
, Université de Strasbourg
,
ECPM 25 Rue Becquerel
, 67087 Strasbourg
, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
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8
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Sun JS, Liu M, Zhang J, Dong L. Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed C–H Amidation of 7-Azaindoles with Dioxazolones: Synthesis of 7-Azaindole Amidated Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10555-10563. [PMID: 30019899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Shu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Han WJ, Pu F, Li CJ, Liu ZW, Fan J, Shi XY. Carboxyl-Directed Conjugate Addition of C−H Bonds to α
,β
-Unsaturated Ketones in Air and Water. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Han
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Pu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; Montreal, QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Zhong-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Ying Shi
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
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10
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Li WH, Dong L. Synthesis of 7-Azaindole Amidated Derivatives: An Efficient Usage of Acyl Azides as the Nitrogen Source. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
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11
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Pan C, Wang Y, Wu C, Yu JT. Rhodium-catalyzed C7-alkylation of indolines with maleimides. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:693-697. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob03039h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium(iii)-catalyzed direct cross-coupling reaction of indolines with maleimides via C–H bond activation was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changduo Pan
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Jin-Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- P. R. China
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12
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Wen J, Cheng H, Raabe G, Bolm C. Rhodium-Catalyzed [4 + 3] Annulations of Sulfoximines with α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Leading to 1,2-Benzothiazepine 1-Oxides. Org Lett 2017; 19:6020-6023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hanchao Cheng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Petrini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division Università di Camerino Via S. Agostino, 1. 62032 Camerino Italy
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14
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Liu B, Hu P, Zhou X, Bai D, Chang J, Li X. Cp*Rh(III)-Catalyzed Mild Addition of C(sp3)–H Bonds to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones. Org Lett 2017; 19:2086-2089. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxian Liu
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Panjie Hu
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xukai Zhou
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dachang Bai
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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15
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Li SS, Liu CF, Zhang GT, Xia YQ, Li WH, Dong L. A Convenient One-Pot Route to Screw-Shaped [5]Azahelicenes via Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Multiple C−H Bond Activation. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:415-418. [PMID: 28044420 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chen-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guo-Tai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ying-Qi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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16
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Liu CF, Zhang GT, Sun JS, Dong L. Access to π-conjugated azaindole derivatives via rhodium(iii)-catalyzed cascade reaction of azaindoles and diazo compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2902-2905. [PMID: 28304049 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00059f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diazo compounds play an important role as a coupling partner to access unique π-conjugated 7-azaindole derivatives via rhodium(iii)-catalyzed double C–H activation/cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Guo-Tai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Jun-Shu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
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