1
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Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Indole-Containing Acyloin Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010354. [PMID: 36615552 PMCID: PMC9822442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Indole-containing acyloins are either key intermediates of many antimicrobial/antiviral natural products or building blocks in the synthesis of biologically active molecules. As such, access to structurally diverse indole-containing acyloins has attracted considerable attention. In this report, we present a pilot study of using biotransformation to provide acyloins that contain various indole substituents. The biotransformation system contains the tryptophan synthase standalone β-subunit variant, PfTrpB6, generated from directed evolution in the literature; a commercially available L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO); and the thiamine-diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent enzyme NzsH, encoded in the biosynthetic gene cluster (nzs) of the bacterial carbazole alkaloid natural product named neocarazostatin A. The utilization of the first two enzymes, the PfTrpB variant and LAAO, is designed to provide structurally diverse indole 3-pyruvate derivatives as donor substrates for NzsH-catalysed biotransformation to provide acyloin derivatives. Our results demonstrate that NzsH displays a considerable substrate profile toward donor substrates for production of acyloins with different indole ring systems, suggesting that NzsH could be further explored as a potential biocatalyst via directed evolution to improve the catalytic efficiency in the future.
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2
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Cheng Y, Chen N, Li J, Su J, Yang J, Zhang C, Lin H, Zhou Y. Antimicrobial Chlorinated Carbazole Alkaloids from the
Sponge‐Associated
Actinomycete
Streptomyces diacarni
LHW51701. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Jun‐Cheng Su
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Jingya Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Cui‐Xian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Hou‐Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
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3
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Discovery of New Antibacterial Accramycins from a Genetic Variant of the Soil Bacterium, Streptomyces sp. MA37. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101464. [PMID: 33092156 PMCID: PMC7590149 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Continued mining of natural products from the strain Streptomyces sp. MA37 in our laboratory led to the discovery of a minor specialized metabolite (SM) called accramycin A. Owing to its low yield (0.2 mg/L) in the wild type strain, we investigated the roles of regulatory genes in the corresponding biosynthetic gene cluster (acc BGC) through gene inactivation with the aim of improving the titer of this compound. One of the resulting mutants (∆accJ) dramatically upregulated the production of accramycin A 1 by 330-fold (66 mg/L). Furthermore, ten new metabolites, accramycins B-K 2-11, were discovered, together with two known compounds, naphthacemycin B112 and fasamycin C 13 from the mutant extract. This suggested that accJ, annotated as multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR), is a negative regulator gene in the accramycin biosynthesis. Compounds 1-13 inhibited the Gram-positive pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and clinical isolates Enterococcus faecium (K59-68 and K60-39) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 1.5-12.5 µg/mL. Remarkably, compounds 1-13 displayed superior activity against K60-39 (MIC = 3.1-6.3 µg/mL) compared to ampicillin (MIC = 25 µg/mL), and offered promising potential for the development of accramycin-based antibiotics that target multidrug-resistant Enterococcus clinical isolates. Our results highlight the importance of identifying the roles of regulatory genes in natural product discovery.
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4
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Kobayashi M, Kuzuyama T. Recent Advances in the Biosynthesis of Carbazoles Produced by Actinomycetes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081147. [PMID: 32764478 PMCID: PMC7466098 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Structurally diverse carbazole alkaloids are valuable due to their pharmaceutical properties and have been isolated from nature. Experimental knowledge on carbazole biosynthesis is limited. The latest development of in silico analysis of the biosynthetic gene clusters for bacterial carbazoles has allowed studies on the biosynthesis of a carbazole skeleton, which was established by sequential enzyme-coupling reactions associated with an unprecedented carbazole synthase, a thiamine-dependent enzyme, and a ketosynthase-like enzyme. This review describes the carbazole biosynthetic mechanism, which includes a key step in enzymatic formation of a tricyclic carbazole skeleton, followed by modifications such as prenylation and hydroxylation in the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kobayashi
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +81-3-5841-3080
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5
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Fang Q, Maglangit F, Mugat M, Urwald C, Kyeremeh K, Deng H. Targeted Isolation of Indole Alkaloids from Streptomyces sp. CT37. Molecules 2020; 25:E1108. [PMID: 32131464 PMCID: PMC7179168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Four compounds (1-4) were isolated from the extracts of Streptomyces sp. CT37 using bioassay in conjunction with mass spectrometric molecular networking (MN) driven isolation. Their complete structures were established by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS), and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. Legonimide 1 was identified as a new alkaloid containing a rare linear imide motif in its structure, while compounds 2-4 were already known and their structures were elucidated as 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde, actinopolymorphol B, (2R,3R)-1-phenylbutane-2,3-diol, respectively. The biosynthetic pathways of 1-4 were proposed based on the reported biogenesis of indole alkaloids in literature. Bioactivity tests for 1 and 2 revealed moderate growth inhibition activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 with MIC95 values of 21.54 µg/mL and 11.47 µg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Fang
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK; (Q.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Fleurdeliz Maglangit
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK; (Q.F.); (F.M.)
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science, University of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines
| | - Morgane Mugat
- ENSAIA, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505 vandœuvre lès Nancy, France; (M.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Caroline Urwald
- ENSAIA, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505 vandœuvre lès Nancy, France; (M.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Kwaku Kyeremeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG56 Legon-Accra, Ghana;
| | - Hai Deng
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK; (Q.F.); (F.M.)
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6
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A Co-Culturing Approach Enables Discovery and Biosynthesis of a Bioactive Indole Alkaloid Metabolite. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020256. [PMID: 31936318 PMCID: PMC7024260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequence data of the genus Streptomyces have shown a far greater chemical diversity of metabolites than what have been discovered under typical laboratory fermentation conditions. In our previous natural product discovery efforts on Streptomyces sp. MA37, a bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere soil sample in Legon, Ghana, we discovered a handful of specialised metabolites from this talented strain. However, analysis of the draft genome of MA37 suggested that most of the encoded biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) remained cryptic or silent, and only a small fraction of BGCs for the production of specialised metabolites were expressed when cultured in our laboratory conditions. In order to induce the expression of the seemingly silent BGCs, we have carried out a co-culture experiment by growing the MA37 strain with the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas sp. in a co-culture chamber that allows co-fermentation of two microorganisms with no direct contact but allows exchange of nutrients, metabolites, and other chemical cues. This co-culture approach led to the upregulation of several metabolites that were not previously observed in the monocultures of each strain. Moreover, the co-culture induced the expression of the cryptic indole alkaloid BGC in MA37 and led to the characterization of the known indolocarbazole alkaloid, BE-13793C 1. Neither bacterium produced compound 1 when cultured alone. The structure of 1 was elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry analyses and comparison of experimental with literature data. A putative biosynthetic pathway of 1 was proposed. Furthermore, BE-13793C 1 showed strong anti-proliferative activity against HT-29 (ATCC HTB-38) cells but no toxic effect to normal lung (ATCC CCL-171) cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for the activity of 1 against HT-29. No significant antimicrobial and anti-trypanosomal activities for 1 were observed. This research provides a solid foundation for the fact that a co-culture approach paves the way for increasing the chemical diversity of strain MA37. Further characterization of other upregulated metabolites in this strain is currently ongoing in our laboratory.
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7
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Liu Y, Su L, Fang Q, Tabudravu J, Yang X, Rickaby K, Trembleau L, Kyeremeh K, Deng Z, Deng H, Yu Y. Enzymatic Reconstitution and Biosynthetic Investigation of the Bacterial Carbazole Neocarazostatin A. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16323-16328. [PMID: 31729221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tricyclic carbazole is an important scaffold in many naturally occurring metabolites, as well as valuable building blocks. Here we report the reconstitution of the ring A formation of the bacterial neocarazostatin A carbazole metabolite. We provide evidence of the involvement of two unusual aromatic polyketide proteins. This finding suggests how new enzymatic activities can be recruited to specific pathways to expand biosynthetic capacities. Finally, we leveraged our bioinformatics survey to identify the untapped capacity of carbazole biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Liu
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 East Lake Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Su
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 East Lake Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Fang
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland AB24 3UE , United Kingdom
| | - Jioji Tabudravu
- School of Forensic & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology , University of Central Lancashire , Preston , Lancashire , England PR1 2HE , United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- School of Chemistry , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kirstie Rickaby
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland AB24 3UE , United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Trembleau
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland AB24 3UE , United Kingdom
| | - Kwaku Kyeremeh
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ghana , P.O. Box LG56, Legon-Accra , Ghana
| | - Zixin Deng
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 East Lake Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Deng
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland AB24 3UE , United Kingdom
| | - Yi Yu
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , 185 East Lake Road , Wuhan 430071 , People's Republic of China
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8
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Maglangit F, Fang Q, Leman V, Soldatou S, Ebel R, Kyeremeh K, Deng H. Accramycin A, a New Aromatic Polyketide, from the Soil Bacterium, Streptomyces sp. MA37. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183384. [PMID: 31533358 PMCID: PMC6767120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-like molecules are known to contain many different building blocks with great potential as pharmacophores for drug discovery. The continued search for unique scaffolds in our laboratory led to the isolation of a novel Ghanaian soil bacterium, Streptomyces sp. MA37. This strain produces many bioactive molecules, most of which belong to carbazoles, pyrrolizidines, and fluorinated metabolites. Further probing of the metabolites of MA37 has led to the discovery of a new naphthacene-type aromatic natural product, which we have named accramycin A 1. This molecule was isolated using an HPLC-photodiode array (PDA) guided isolation process and MS/MS molecular networking. The structure of 1 was characterized by detailed analysis of LC-MS, UV, 1D, and 2D NMR data. Preliminary studies on the antibacterial properties of 1 using Group B Streptococcus (GBS) produced a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 27 µg/mL. This represents the first report of such bioactivity amongst the naphthacene-type aromatic polyketides, and also suggests the possibility for the further development of potent molecules against GBS based on the accramycin scaffold. A putative acc biosynthetic pathway for accramycin, featuring a tridecaketide-specific type II polyketide synthase, was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleurdeliz Maglangit
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK.
- College of Science, University of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
| | - Qing Fang
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Valentin Leman
- Organic Chemistry Division, SIGMA Clermont, 27, Rue Roche Genes, 63170 Aubiere, France.
| | - Sylvia Soldatou
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Rainer Ebel
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Kwaku Kyeremeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG56, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
| | - Hai Deng
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK.
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9
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Kobayashi M, Tomita T, Shin‐ya K, Nishiyama M, Kuzuyama T. An Unprecedented Cyclization Mechanism in the Biosynthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids in
Streptomyces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13349-13353. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kobayashi
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Takeo Tomita
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin‐ya
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-0064 Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
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10
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Kobayashi M, Tomita T, Shin‐ya K, Nishiyama M, Kuzuyama T. An Unprecedented Cyclization Mechanism in the Biosynthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids in
Streptomyces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kobayashi
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Takeo Tomita
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin‐ya
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-0064 Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Biotechnology Research CentreThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM)The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
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11
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Schieferdecker S, Shabuer G, Letzel AC, Urbansky B, Ishida-Ito M, Ishida K, Cyrulies M, Dahse HM, Pidot S, Hertweck C. Biosynthesis of Diverse Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Acyloins in Anaerobic Bacteria. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1490-1497. [PMID: 31243958 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic profiling and genome mining revealed that anaerobic bacteria have the potential to produce acyloin natural products. In addition to sattazolin A and B, three new sattazolin congeners and a novel acyloin named clostrocyloin were isolated from three strains of Clostridium beijerinckii, a bacterium used for industrial solvent production. Bioactivity profiling showed that the sattazolin derivatives possess antimicrobial activities against mycobacteria and pseudomonads with only low cytotoxicity. Clostrocyloin was found to be mainly active against fungi. The thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent sattazolin-producing synthase was identified in silico and characterized both in vivo and in in vitro enzyme assays. A related acyloin synthase from the clostrocyloin producer was shown to be responsible for the production of the acyloin core of clostrocyloin. The biotransformation experiments provided first insights into the substrate scope of the clostrocyloin synthase and revealed biosynthetic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schieferdecker
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Gulimila Shabuer
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Anne-Catrin Letzel
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Barbara Urbansky
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mie Ishida-Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Keishi Ishida
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Cyrulies
- BioPilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Dahse
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sacha Pidot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth Street, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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12
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Chi Y, Ye H, Li H, Li Y, Guan H, Mou H, Wang P. Structure and molecular morphology of a novel moisturizing exopolysaccharide produced by Phyllobacterium sp. 921F. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:998-1005. [PMID: 31173824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are widely applied in food, cosmetic, and medical industries. The EPS produced by Phyllobacterium sp. 921F was a novel polysaccharide, which exhibits attractive characteristics of high yield, favorable rheological properties, and excellent moisture retention ability. Considering the complexity of polysaccharide structures, specific enzymatic hydrolysis was employed here to resolve the structure of the EPS. End-products including tetra-, hexa- and octa-saccharides were isolated. According to their mass spectroscopy (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, the backbone of the EPS was found to be mainly comprising a → 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1 → 3)-α-d-Galp(4,6-S-Pyr)-(1 → disaccharide repeating units. Based on atomic force microscopy results, EPS exhibited characteristics that were consistent with a stiff, elongated molecule with no branches. The length and height of the single molecular chain were approximately 600 and 0.7 nm, respectively. Our clarification of structure and molecular morphology of EPS from Phyllobacterium sp. 921F provide a foundation for the industrial application of this potential moisture-retaining material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhou Chi
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Han Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Huining Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Huashi Guan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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13
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Maglangit F, Tong MH, Jaspars M, Kyeremeh K, Deng H. Legonoxamines A-B, two new hydroxamate siderophores from the soil bacterium, Streptomyces sp. MA37. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Su L, Zhang R, Kyeremeh K, Deng Z, Deng H, Yu Y. Dissection of the neocarazostatin: a C 4 alkyl side chain biosynthesis by in vitro reconstitution. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:3843-3848. [PMID: 28406521 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neocarazostatin A (1) is a potent free radical scavenger possessing an intriguing tricyclic carbazole nucleus with a C4 alkyl side chain attached to ring "A". Although the biosynthetic gene cluster of 1 (nzs) has been identified, and several key steps of the pathway have been well characterized, the enzyme(s) involved in the biosynthesis of the C4 unit still remains obscure. In this work, we demonstrate that three enzymes, including one (MA37-FabG) from primary fatty acid metabolism and two pathway-specific ones (NzsE and NzsF), are responsible for the formation of the side chain precursor. We show that NzsE is a free-standing acyl carrier protein (ACP), and NzsF, which is a homolog of β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (KAS III, also called FabH), catalyzes a decarboxylative condensation between an acetyl-CoA and the NzsE bound malonyl thioester to generate acetoacetyl-NzsE. We also show that NzsF can only accept NzsE as its cognate ACP substrate, suggesting that NzsE and NzsF constitute pathway-specific KAS III enzyme pairs for the assembly line of 1. Furthermore, we have identified two FabG (the NADPH-dependent reductase) homologs from the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway that can reduce the 3-keto group of acetoacetyl-NzsE to generate a 3-hydroxybutyl-NzsE product, which is the putative intermediate for the following incorporation into 1. Therefore, our work successfully reconstitutes the biosynthetic pathway of the C4 alkyl side chain of 1in vitro, and sheds light on the potential of engineering NzsE/F for producing novel neocarazostatin analogues in the host strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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Hill RA, Sutherland A. Hot off the press. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1352-1356. [DOI: 10.1039/c6np90047j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as kanamienamide from the marine cyanobacterium Moorea bouillonii.
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