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Distinct Mechanistic Behaviour of Tomato CYP74C3 and Maize CYP74A19 Allene Oxide Synthases: Insights from Trapping Experiments and Allene Oxide Isolation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032230. [PMID: 36768554 PMCID: PMC9916873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The product specificity and mechanistic peculiarities of two allene oxide synthases, tomato LeAOS3 (CYP74C3) and maize ZmAOS (CYP74A19), were studied. Enzymes were vortexed with linoleic acid 9-hydroperoxide in a hexane-water biphasic system (20-60 s, 0 °C). Synthesized allene oxide (9,10-epoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid; 9,10-EOD) was trapped with ethanol. Incubations with ZmAOS produced predominantly 9,10-EOD, which was converted into an ethanolysis product, (12Z)-9-ethoxy-10-oxo-12-octadecenoic acid. LeAOS3 produced the same trapping product and 9(R)-α-ketol at nearly equimolar yields. Thus, both α-ketol and 9,10-EOD appeared to be kinetically controlled LeAOS3 products. NMR data for 9,10-EOD (Me) preparations revealed that ZmAOS specifically synthesized 10(E)-9,10-EOD, whereas LeAOS3 produced a roughly 4:1 mixture of 10(E) and 10(Z) isomers. The cyclopentenone cis-10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-oxo-PEA) and the Favorskii-type product yields were appreciable with LeAOS3, but dramatically lower with ZmAOS. The 9,10-EOD (free acid) kept in hexane transformed into macrolactones but did not cyclize. LeAOS3 catalysis is supposed to produce a higher proportion of oxyallyl diradical (a valence tautomer of allene oxide), which is a direct precursor of both cyclopentenone and cyclopropanone. This may explain the substantial yields of cis-10-oxo-PEA and the Favorskii-type product (via cyclopropanone) with LeAOS3. Furthermore, 10(Z)-9,10-EOD may be produced via the reverse formation of allene oxide from oxyallyl diradical.
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Villar P, Grechkin AN, González-Pérez AB, de Lera ÁR. On the rearrangements of biologically-relevant vinyl allene oxides to cis-cyclopentenones, ketols, and Favorskii-type carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9460-9469. [PMID: 34693419 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01847g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In addition to stereodefined cis-cyclopentenones, the rearrangement of naturally-occurring vinyl allene oxides can provide ketols, cyclopropylcarbinols, and Favorskii-type bis-(Z)-but-2-en-1-yl acetic acids. These processes have been studied by DFT computations using (Z)-but-1-en-1-yl allene oxides as model systems. Prior studies on the stepwise cascade process starting from (Z)-but-1-en-1-yl allene oxides established as key steps the ring opening of the oxirane to give oxidopentadienyl biradicals, and their isomerization through formation of alkenylcyclopropanone intermediates prior to the conrotatory electrocyclic ring closure to cis-configured cyclopentenones. Under neutral or under acidic conditions, the corresponding ketols and cyclopropylcarbinols have been computationally characterized as resulting from SN2, SN1 and SN1'-type processes, showing that the rearrangement of vinyl allene oxides is pH-dependent. Moreover, stereoconvergent base-induced Favorskii-type rearrangements to provide bis-(Z)-but-1-en-1-yl substituted acetic acids have also been justified. Since the model system captures the structural features of the vinyl allene oxides of biological relevance, our computations provide the most comprehensive overview of the complex reactivity of these natural species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Villar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Adán B González-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Ángel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
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Detection of the First Epoxyalcohol Synthase/Allene Oxide Synthase (CYP74 Clan) in the Lancelet ( Branchiostoma belcheri, Chordata). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094737. [PMID: 33947016 PMCID: PMC8124189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The CYP74 clan cytochromes (P450) are key enzymes of oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants, some Proteobacteria, brown and green algae, and Metazoa. The CYP74 enzymes, including the allene oxide synthases (AOSs), hydroperoxide lyases, divinyl ether synthases, and epoxyalcohol synthases (EASs) transform the fatty acid hydroperoxides to bioactive oxylipins. A novel CYP74 clan enzyme CYP440A18 of the Asian (Belcher’s) lancelet (Branchiostoma belcheri, Chordata) was biochemically characterized in the present work. The recombinant CYP440A18 enzyme was active towards all substrates used: linoleate and α-linolenate 9- and 13-hydroperoxides, as well as with eicosatetraenoate and eicosapentaenoate 15-hydroperoxides. The enzyme specifically converted α-linolenate 13-hydroperoxide (13-HPOT) to the oxiranyl carbinol (9Z,11R,12R,13S,15Z)-11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9,15-octadecadienoic acid (EAS product), α-ketol, 12-oxo-13-hydroxy-9,15-octadecadienoic acid (AOS product), and cis-12-oxo-10,15-phytodienoic acid (AOS product) at a ratio of around 35:5:1. Other hydroperoxides were converted by this enzyme to the analogous products. In contrast to other substrates, the 13-HPOT and 15-HPEPE yielded higher proportions of α-ketols, as well as the small amounts of cyclopentenones, cis-12-oxo-10,15-phytodienoic acid and its higher homologue, dihomo-cis-12-oxo-3,6,10,15-phytotetraenoic acid, respectively. Thus, the CYP440A18 enzyme exhibited dual EAS/AOS activity. The obtained results allowed us to ascribe a name “B. belcheri EAS/AOS” (BbEAS/AOS) to this enzyme. BbEAS/AOS is a first CYP74 clan enzyme of Chordata species possessing AOS activity.
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Tomás‐Mendivil E, Devillard M, Regnier V, Pecaut J, Martin D. Air‐Stable Oxyallyl Patterns and a Switchable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Devillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS DCM 38000 Grenoble France
- Current address: Université de Rennes CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226 35042 Rennes France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, UMR 5819 38000 Grenoble France
| | - David Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS DCM 38000 Grenoble France
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Toporkova YY, Askarova EK, Gorina SS, Ogorodnikova AV, Mukhtarova LS, Grechkin AN. Epoxyalcohol synthase activity of the CYP74B enzymes of higher plants. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158743. [PMID: 32464332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The CYP74B subfamily of fatty acid hydroperoxide transforming cytochromes P450 includes the most common plant enzymes. All CYP74Bs studied yet except the CYP74B16 (flax divinyl ether synthase, LuDES) and the CYP74B33 (carrot allene oxide synthase, DcAOS) are 13-hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs, synonym: hemiacetal synthases). The results of present work demonstrate that additional products (except the HPL products) of fatty acid hydroperoxides conversion by the recombinant StHPL (CYP74B3, Solanum tuberosum), MsHPL (CYP74B4v1, Medicago sativa), and CsHPL (CYP74B6, Cucumis sativus) are epoxyalcohols. MsHPL, StHPL, and CsHPL converted the 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic (13-HPOD) and α-linolenic acids (13-HPOT) primarily to the chain cleavage products. The minor by-products of 13-HPOD and 13-HPOT conversions by these enzymes were the oxiranyl carbinols, 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9-octadecenoic and 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9,15-octadecadienoic acid. At the same time, all enzymes studied converted 9-hydroperoxides into corresponding oxiranyl carbinols with HPL by-products. Thus, the results showed the additional epoxyalcohol synthase activity of studied CYP74B enzymes. The 13-HPOD conversion reliably resulted in smaller yields of the HPL products and bigger yields of the epoxyalcohols compared to the 13-HPOT transformation. Overall, the results show the dualistic HPL/EAS behaviour of studied CYP74B enzymes, depending on hydroperoxide isomerism and unsaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Y Toporkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Elena K Askarova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Gorina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Anna V Ogorodnikova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Lucia S Mukhtarova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
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Tomás-Mendivil E, Devillard M, Regnier V, Pecaut J, Martin D. Air-Stable Oxyallyl Patterns and a Switchable N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11516-11520. [PMID: 32277582 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxyallyl derivatives are typically elusive compounds. Even recently reported "stabilized" 1,3-diaminooxyallyl species are still highly reactive and have short lifetimes at room temperature. Herein, we report the synthesis and preliminary study of mesoionic pyrimidine derivatives that feature 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)oxyallyl patterns with an unprecedented level of stabilization. The latter are not only insensitive towards air and moisture, but they are also compatible with the formation of an ancillary stable N-heterocyclic carbene moiety. As the oxyallyl pattern is proton-responsive, it allows the reversible switching of the electronic properties of the carbene, as a ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Devillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Current address: Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, 35042, Rennes, France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, UMR 5819, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - David Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Oliw EH, Hamberg M. Charge migration fragmentation in the negative ion mode of cyclopentenone and cyclopentanone intermediates in the biosynthesis of jasmonates. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8665. [PMID: 31734961 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Jasmonates are formed from 12-oxo-10,15(Z)-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA) in plants and also from 12-oxo-10-phytoenoic acid (12-OPEA) in fungi. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of [M-H]- generates characteristic product anions at m/z 165 [C11 H17 O]- . Our goal was to investigate the structure and mode of formation of this anion by CID of 12-OPDA, 12-OPEA, and 12-oxophytonoic acid (12-OPA). METHODS We investigated the CID of the [M-H]- , [M-H-CO2 ]- , and [M-H-H2 O]- anions using electrospray ionization and MS/MS analysis of 12-OPDA, 12-OPEA, and 12-OPA, and compared the results with the data obtained with the corresponding compounds labeled with 2 H at C-6 and C-7 and with structural and side chain analogs. RESULTS CID of [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]12-OPEA and [6,6-2 H2 ]12-OPDA ([M-H]- and [M-H-CO2 ]- ) showed that one or two 2 H atoms were transferred to anions at m/z 165 as judged by the signal intensities of m/z 165 + 1 or 165 + 2, respectively. CID of [6,6-2 H2 ]- and [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]-12-OPA ([M-H]- and [M-H-CO2 ]- ) yielded the loss of H2 from the cyclopentanone and displayed the transfer of one 2 H atom in analogy to 12-OPEA. In contrast, CID of [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]12-OPEA and [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]12-OPA [M-H-H2 O]- demonstrated the transfer of two 2 H atoms (m/z 165 + 2). All spectra obtained by CID of [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]12-OPDA and [6,6,7,7-2 H4 ]12-oxo-9(13),15(Z)-phytodienoic acid showed that one or two additional 2 H atoms could be transferred to this anion at m/z 167 of [6,6-2 H2 ]12-OPDA due to isotope scrambling. CONCLUSIONS CID of 12-OPDA and 12-OPEA generates cyclopentanone enolate anions at m/z 165 by charge-driven hydride transfer as a common mechanism and by bond cleavage between C-7 and C-8 of the carboxyl side chains with either gain or loss of a hydrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernst H Oliw
- Division of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Hamberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Oliw EH, Hamberg M. Biosynthesis of Jasmonates from Linoleic Acid by the Fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Evidence for a Novel Allene Oxide Cyclase. Lipids 2019; 54:543-556. [PMID: 31353474 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (FOT) secretes (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-(S)-isoleucine ((+)-JA-Ile) to the growth medium together with about 10 times less 9,10-dihydro-(+)-7-iso-JA-Ile. Plants and fungi form (+)-JA-Ile from 18:3n-3 via 12-oxophytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), which is formed sequentially by 13S-lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase (AOS), and allene oxide cyclase (AOC). Plant AOC does not accept linoleic acid (18:2n-6)-derived allene oxides and dihydrojasmonates are not commonly found in plants. This raises the question whether 18:2n-6 serves as the precursor of 9,10-dihydro-JA-Ile in Fusarium, or whether the latter arises by a putative reductase activity operating on the n-3 double bond of (+)-JA-Ile or one of its precursors. Incubation of pentadeuterated (d5 ) 18:3n-3 with mycelia led to the formation of d5 -(+)-JA-Ile whereas d5 -9,10-dihydro-JA-Ile was not detectable. In contrast, d5 -9,10-dihydro-(+)-JA-Ile was produced following incubation of [17,17,18,18,18-2 H5 ]linoleic acid (d5 -18:2n-6). Furthermore, 9(S),13(S)-12-oxophytoenoic acid, the 15,16-dihydro analog of 12-OPDA, was formed upon incubation of unlabeled or d5 -18:2n-6. Appearance of the α-ketol, 12-oxo-13-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid following incubation of unlabeled or [13 C18 ]-labeled 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid confirmed the involvement of AOS and the biosynthesis of the allene oxide 12,13(S)-epoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid. The lack of conversion of this allene oxide by AOC in higher plants necessitates the conclusion that the fungal AOC is distinct from the corresponding plant enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernst H Oliw
- Division of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 591, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Hamberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Grechkin AN, Ogorodnikova AV, Egorova AM, Mukhitova FK, Ilyina TM, Khairutdinov BI. Allene Oxide Synthase Pathway in Cereal Roots: Detection of Novel Oxylipin Graminoxins. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:336-343. [PMID: 29744285 PMCID: PMC5931542 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Young roots of wheat, barley, and sorghum, as well as methyl jasmonate pretreated rice seedlings, undergo an unprecedented allene oxide synthase pathway targeted to previously unknown oxylipins 1–3. These Favorskii‐type products, (4Z)‐2‐pentyl‐4‐tridecene‐1,13‐dioic acid (1), (2′Z)‐2‐(2′‐octenyl)‐decane‐1,10‐dioic acid (2), and (2′Z,5′Z)‐2‐(2′,5′‐octadienyl)‐decane‐1,10‐dioic acid (3), have a carboxy function at the side chain, as revealed by their MS and NMR spectral data. Compounds 1–3 were the major oxylipins detected, along with the related α‐ketols. Products 1–3 were biosynthesized from (9Z,11E,13S)‐13‐hydroperoxy‐9,11‐octadecadienoic acid, (9S,10E,12Z)‐9‐hydroperoxy‐10,12‐octadecadienoic acid (9‐HPOD), and (9S,10E,12Z,15Z)‐9‐hydroperoxy‐10,12,15‐octadecatrienoic acid, respectively, via the corresponding allene oxides and cyclopropanones. The data indicate that conversion of the allene oxide into the cyclopropanone is controlled by soluble cyclase. The short‐lived cyclopropanones are hydrolyzed to products 1–3. The collective name “graminoxins” has been ascribed to oxylipins 1–3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Anna V Ogorodnikova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Alevtina M Egorova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Fakhima K Mukhitova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Tatiana M Ilyina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Bulat I Khairutdinov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
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Abstract
Plant oxylipins form a constantly growing group of signaling molecules that comprise oxygenated fatty acids and metabolites derived therefrom. In the last decade, the understanding of biosynthesis, metabolism, and action of oxylipins, especially jasmonates, has dramatically improved. Additional mechanistic insights into the action of enzymes and insights into signaling pathways have been deepened for jasmonates. For other oxylipins, such as the hydroxy fatty acids, individual signaling properties and cross talk between different oxylipins or even with additional phytohormones have recently been described. This review summarizes recent understanding of the biosynthesis, regulation, and function of oxylipins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wasternack
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators and Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, CZ 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- On leave from Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany;
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