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Ren Y, Dai W, Guo S, Dong L, Huang S, Shi J, Tong B, Hao N, Li L, Cai Z, Dong Y. Clusterization-Triggered Color-Tunable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Based Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:1361-1369. [PMID: 34937344 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of poly(1,4-dihydropyridine)s (PDHPs) were successfully synthesized via one-pot metal-free multicomponent polymerization of diacetylenic esters, benzaldehyde, and aniline derivatives. These PDHPs without traditional luminescent units were endowed with tunable triplet energy levels by through-space conjugation from the formation of different cluster sizes. The large and compact clusters can effectively extend the phosphorescence wavelength. The triplet excitons can be stabilized by using benzophenone as a rigid matrix to achieve room-temperature phosphorescence. The nonconjugated polymeric clusters can show a phosphorescence emission up to 645 nm. A combination of static and dynamic laser light scattering was conducted for insight into the structural information on formed clusters in the host matrix melt. Moreover, both the fluorescence and phosphorescence emission can be easily tuned by the variation of the excitation wavelength, the concentration, and the molecular weight of the guest polymers. This work provides a unique insight for designing polymeric host-guest systems and a new strategy for the development of long wavelength phosphorescence materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenbo Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lichao Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nairong Hao
- Food Science and Processing Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lianwei Li
- Food Science and Processing Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Yang G, Liang J, Hu X, Liu M, Zhang X, Wei Y. Recent Advances on Fabrication of Polymeric Composites Based on Multicomponent Reactions for Bioimaging and Environmental Pollutant Removal. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000563. [PMID: 33543565 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As the core of polymer chemistry, manufacture of functional polymers is one of research hotspots over the past several decades. Various polymers are developed for diverse applications due to their tunable structures and unique properties. However, traditional step-by-step preparation strategies inevitably involve some problems, such as separation, purification, and time-consuming. The multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are emerging as environmentally benign synthetic strategies to construct multifunctional polymers or composites with pendant groups and designed structures because of their features, such as efficient, fast, green, and atom economy. This mini review summarizes the latest advances about fabrication of multifunctional fluorescent polymers or adsorptive polymeric composites through different MCRs, including Kabachnik-Fields reaction, Biginelli reaction, mercaptoacetic acid locking imine reaction, Debus-Radziszewski reaction, and Mannich reaction. The potential applications of these polymeric composites in biomedical and environmental remediation are also highlighted. It is expected that this mini-review will promote the development preparation and applications of functional polymers through MCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Meiying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
Novel polymerizations based on alkyne monomers are becoming a powerful tool to construct polymers with unique structures and advanced functions in the areas of polymer and material sciences, and scientists have been attracted to develop a variety of novel polymerizations in recent decades. Therein, catalytic systems play an indispensable role in the influence of polymerization efficiencies and the performances of the resultant polymers. Concerning the shortcomings of metallic catalysts, much of the recent research focus has been on metal-free polymerization systems. In this paper, metal-free catalysts are classified and the corresponding polymerizations are reviewed, including organobase-catalyzed polymerizations, Lewis-acid-catalyzed polymerizations, as well as catalyst-free polymerizations. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in this area are also briefly discussed.
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Su X, Gao Q, Wang D, Han T, Tang BZ. One-Step Multicomponent Polymerizations for the Synthesis of Multifunctional AIE Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000471. [PMID: 33000896 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As a new class of functional luminescent materials, polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature attract much attention because of their advantages of efficient solid-state fluorescence, excellent processability, structural diversity, and multifunctionalities. Among all polymerization methods toward AIE polymers, multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) exhibit the merits of simple operation, good atom economy, high polymerization efficiency, broad functional-group tolerance, etc. In this feature article, the recent progress on the development of one-step MCPs for the synthesis of AIE polymers is highlighted. The representative functionalities of the resulting AIE polymers are illustrated. Perspectives on the challenges and future development directions of this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Su
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Institute of Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Ligong Road No. 600, Jimei District, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ting Han
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Institute of Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Han T, Zhang Y, He B, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Functional Poly(dihalopentadiene)s: Stereoselective Synthesis, Aggregation-Enhanced Emission and Sensitive Detection of Explosives. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E821. [PMID: 30960746 PMCID: PMC6403696 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of polymeric materials with novel structures and unique properties and functionalities is of both academic and industrial significance. In this work, functional poly(dihalopentadiene)s were synthesized by boron trihalide-mediated multicomponent polymerization routes in a stereoselective manner. The polymerizations of tetraphenylethylene-containing diyne, BX₃ (X = Cl, Br) and p-tolualdehyde proceed smoothly in dichloromethane under mild conditions to afford high molecular weight poly(dihalopentadiene)s with a predominant (Z,Z)-configuration in moderate to good yields. The reaction conditions and the boron trihalide used were found to have great effects on the stereochemistry of the resulting polymer structures. The obtained poly(1,5-dihalo-(Z,Z)-1,4-pentadiene)s possess high thermal stability and good film-forming ability. Their thin films show high refractive index of 1.9007⁻1.6462 in a wide wavelength region of 380⁻890 nm with low optical dispersion. The polymers are weakly emissive in dilute solutions but become highly emissive upon aggregated, demonstrating a unique phenomenon of aggregation-enhanced emission. Their nanoaggregates in aqueous media can serve as sensitive fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of explosives with a superamplification effect and a low detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Han
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Benzhao He
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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