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Chen J, Pei Z, Chai B, Jiang P, Ma L, Zhu L, Huang X. Engineering the Dielectric Constants of Polymers: From Molecular to Mesoscopic Scales. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308670. [PMID: 38100840 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are essential components of modern-day materials and are widely used in various fields. The dielectric constant, a key physical parameter, plays a fundamental role in the light-, electricity-, and magnetism-related applications of polymers, such as dielectric and electrical insulation, battery and photovoltaic fabrication, sensing and electrical contact, and signal transmission and communication. Over the past few decades, numerous efforts have been devoted to engineering the intrinsic dielectric constant of polymers, particularly by tailoring the induced and orientational polarization modes and ferroelectric domain engineering. Investigations into these methods have guided the rational design and on-demand preparation of polymers with desired dielectric constants. This review article exhaustively summarizes the dielectric constant engineering of polymers from molecular to mesoscopic scales, with emphasis on application-driven design and on-demand polymer synthesis rooted in polymer chemistry principles. Additionally, it explores the key polymer applications that can benefit from dielectric constant regulation and outlines the future prospects of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhantao Pei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bin Chai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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2
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Huang S, Liu K, Zhang W, Xie B, Dou Z, Yan Z, Tan H, Samart C, Kongparakul S, Takesue N, Zhang H. All-Organic Polymer Dielectric Materials for Advanced Dielectric Capacitors: Theory, Property, Modified Design and Future Prospects. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2129680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaikang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wu Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Metal Material Research Institute, Baotou, China
| | - Bing Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Zhanming Dou
- China Zhenhua Group Yunke Electmnics Co., Ltd, Guiyang, China
| | - Zilin Yan
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hua Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
- Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Chanatip Samart
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suwadee Kongparakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Haibo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan, PR China
- Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, PR China
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Gong H, Ji Q, Cheng Y, Xiong J, Zhang M, Zhang Z. Controllable synthesis and structural design of novel all-organic polymers toward high energy storage dielectrics. Front Chem 2022; 10:979926. [PMID: 36059883 PMCID: PMC9428677 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.979926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the core unit of energy storage equipment, high voltage pulse capacitor plays an indispensable role in the field of electric power system and electromagnetic energy related equipment. The mostly utilized polymer materials are metallized polymer thin films, which are represented by biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films, possessing the advantages including low cost, high breakdown strength, excellent processing ability, and self-healing performance. However, the low dielectric constant (εr < 3) of traditional BOPP films makes it impossible to meet the demand for increased high energy density. Controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) and related techniques have become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of materials and have given rise to great advances in tuning the properties of polymer dielectrics. Although organic-inorganic composite dielectrics have received much attention in previous studies, all-organic polymer dielectrics have been proven to be the most promising choice because of its light weight and easy large-scale continuous processing. In this short review, we begin with some basic theory of polymer dielectrics and some theoretical considerations for the rational design of dielectric polymers with high performance. In the guidance of these theoretical considerations, we review recent progress toward all-organic polymer dielectrics based on two major approaches, one is to control the polymer chain structure, containing microscopic main-chain and side-chain structures, by the method of CRP and the other is macroscopic structure design of all-organic polymer dielectric films. And various chemistry and compositions are discussed within each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Gong
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinglong Ji
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yipin Cheng
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meirong Zhang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhicheng Zhang,
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4
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Ma C, Quan Y, Zhang J, Sun R, Zhao Q, He X, Liao X, Xie M. Efficient Synthesis and Cyclic Molecular Topology of Ultralarge-Sized Bicyclic and Tetracyclic Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Quan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinhuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiuhua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Shi B, Shen D, Li W, Wang G. Self-Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200071. [PMID: 35343014 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in solution has received increasing attentions in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) and polymerization-induced CDSA (PI-CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self-assembly morphologies were captured and advanced applications have been attempted. In this review, the synthetic strategies including the mechanisms and characteristics are highlighted, the survey on the advanced applications of crystalline nano-assemblies are collected. This review is hoped to depict a comprehensive outline for self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in recent years and to prompt the development of the self-assembly technology in interdisciplinary field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ding Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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6
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Synthesis of dielectric polymers with bipyridyl ligand and metal complex by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Xu H, He G, Chen S, Chen S, Qiao R, Luo H, Zhang D. All-Organic Polymer Dielectrics Containing Sulfonyl Dipolar Groups and π–π Stacking Interaction in Side-Chain Architectures. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghu He
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Shaonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
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Peterson GI, Yang S, Choi TL. Direct formation of nano-objects via in situ self-assembly of conjugated polymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01389g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of the polymer self-assembly method “in situ nanoparticlization of conjugated polymers” is discussed in this Perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory I. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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9
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Han H, Zhou D, Ren Q, Ma F, Ma C, Xie M. High-performance all-polymer dielectric and electrical energy storage materials containing conjugated segment and multi-fluorinated pendants. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Disubstituted pendant-functionalized insulating-conductive block copolymer with enhanced dielectric and energy storage performance. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Zhu Y, Ma C, Han H, Sun R, Liao X, Xie M. Azobenzene-functionalized polymers by ring-opening metathesis polymerization for high dielectric and energy storage performance. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymers with push–pull azobenzene pendants and core–shell nanostructures exhibited high and regulated dielectric constants by photoisomerization of azobenzene groups, low dielectric loss, and high energy density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Cuihong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Huijin Han
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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12
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Chen J, Sun R, Liao X, Han H, Li Y, Xie M. Tandem Metathesis Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly to Nanostructured Block Copolymer and the Controlled Triazolinedione Modification for Enhancing Dielectric Properties. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Yang Y, Zhong K, Chen T, Jin LY. Morphological Control of Coil-Rod-Coil Molecules Containing m-Terphenyl Group: Construction of Helical Fibers and Helical Nanorings in Aqueous Solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:10613-10621. [PMID: 30107734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rod-coil molecules, composed of rigid segments and flexible coil chains, have a strong intrinsic ability to self-assemble into diverse supramolecular nanostructures. Herein, we report the synthesis and the morphological control of a new series of amphiphilic coil-rod-coil molecular isomers 1-2 containing flexible oligoether chains. These molecules are comprised of m-terphenyl and biphenyl groups, along with triple bonds, and possess lateral methyl or butyl groups at the coil or rod segments. The results of this study suggest that the morphology of supramolecular aggregates is significantly influenced by the lateral alkyl groups and by the sequence of the rigid fragments in the bulk and in aqueous solution. The molecules with different coils self-assemble into lamellar or oblique columnar structures in the bulk state. In aqueous solution, molecule 1a, with a lack of lateral groups, self-assembled into large strips of sheets, whereas exquisite nanostructures of helical fibers were obtained from molecule 1b, which incorporated lateral methyl groups between the rod and coil segments. Interestingly, molecule 1c with lateral butyl and methyl groups exhibited a strong self-organizing capacity to form helical nanorings. Nanoribbons, helical fibers, and small nanorings were simultaneously formed from the 2a-2c, which are structural isomers of 1a, 1b, and 1c. Accurate control of these supramolecular nanostructures can be achieved by tuning the synergistic interactions of the noncovalent driving force with hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Yang
- Key Laboratory for Organism Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Yanbian University , Yanji 133002 , China
| | - Keli Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Food Safety, Bohai University , Jinzhou 121013 , China
| | - Tie Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organism Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Yanbian University , Yanji 133002 , China
| | - Long Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory for Organism Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Yanbian University , Yanji 133002 , China
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15
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Zhang Y, Jiang H, Liu J, Zhao C, Na H. Naphthalene-containing poly(arylene ether ketone) with low dielectric constant. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Physics and Technology (Ministry of Education); Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Na
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Physics and Technology (Ministry of Education); Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
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Pasini D, Takeuchi D. Cyclopolymerizations: Synthetic Tools for the Precision Synthesis of Macromolecular Architectures. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8983-9057. [PMID: 30146875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monomers possessing two functionalities suitable for polymerization are often designed and utilized in syntheses directed to the formation of cross-linked macromolecules. In this review, we give an account of recent developments related to the use of such monomers in cyclopolymerization processes, in order to form linear, soluble macromolecules. These processes can be activated by means of radical, ionic, or transition-metal mediated chain-growth polymerization mechanisms, to achieve cyclic moieties of variable ring size which are embedded within the polymer backbone, driving and tuning peculiar physical properties of the resulting macromolecules. The two functionalities are covalently linked by a "tether", which can be appropriately designed in order to "imprint" elements of chemical information into the polymer backbone during the synthesis and, in some cases, be removed by postpolymerization reactions. The two functionalities can possess identical or even very different reactivities toward the polymerization mechanism involved; in the latter case, consequences and outcomes related to the sequence-controlled, precision synthesis of macromolecules have been demonstrated. Recent advances in new initiating systems and polymerization catalysts enabled the precision syntheses of polymers with regulated cyclic structures by highly regio- and/or stereoselective cyclopolymerization. Cyclopolymerizations involving double cyclization, ring-opening, or isomerization have been also developed, generating unique repeating structures, which can hardly be obtained by conventional polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli , 10-27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Daisuke Takeuchi
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki , Aomori , 036-8561 , Japan
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Baer E, Zhu L. 50th Anniversary Perspective: Dielectric Phenomena in Polymers and Multilayered Dielectric Films. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Baer
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
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