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Bhadran A, Shah T, Babanyinah GK, Polara H, Taslimy S, Biewer MC, Stefan MC. Recent Advances in Polycaprolactones for Anticancer Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1977. [PMID: 37514163 PMCID: PMC10385458 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ε-Caprolactone)s are biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters that have gained considerable attention for drug delivery applications due to their slow degradation and ease of functionalization. One of the significant advantages of polycaprolactone is its ability to attach various functionalities to its backbone, which is commonly accomplished through ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of functionalized caprolactone monomer. In this review, we aim to summarize some of the most recent advances in polycaprolactones and their potential application in drug delivery. We will discuss different types of polycaprolactone-based drug delivery systems and their behavior in response to different stimuli, their ability to target specific locations, morphology, as well as their drug loading and release capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhi Bhadran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Tejas Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Godwin K Babanyinah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Himanshu Polara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Somayeh Taslimy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Michael C Biewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Mihaela C Stefan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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Upitak K, Wattanathana W, Nanok T, Chuawong P, Hormnirun P. Titanium complexes of pyrrolylaldiminate ligands and their exploitation for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10964-10981. [PMID: 34318841 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of six-coordinate titanium complexes 1-6 supported by pyrrolylaldiminate ligands were prepared via the reaction of 2 equivalents of ligands and Ti(OiPr)4 in toluene at 70 °C. The X-ray structure of 2 revealed that the two ligands were κ2-coordinated to the titanium center with the two pyrrole nitrogen atoms in trans positions and the two imine nitrogen atoms in cis positions. All complexes were active initiators for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide (rac-LA), ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), and three substituted ε-caprolactones (γ-methyl-ε-caprolactone (γMeCL), γ-ethyl-ε-caprolactone (γEtCL), and γ-phenyl-ε-caprolactone (γPhCL)). Polymerizations of all monomers were well controlled, affording predetermined molar masses and narrow dispersity values. Complex 5 exhibited the highest polymerization activities with rac-LA and ε-CL and its performance was comparable to other highly active six-coordinate titanium complexes reported thus far. Kinetic results revealed a first-order dependency on the monomer concentration, and the rate of polymerization was greatly influenced by the substituent on the imine nitrogen. End-group analysis of the isolated PLA and PCL suggested a coordination-insertion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokon Upitak
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Worawat Wattanathana
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Tanin Nanok
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pitak Chuawong
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pimpa Hormnirun
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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Bexis P, Arno MC, Bell CA, Thomas AW, Dove AP. Thermally-induced hyperbranching of bromine-containing polyesters by insertion of in situ generated chain-end carbenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4275-4278. [PMID: 33913987 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00821h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbranched, biodegradable PCL-based polymers are obtained through a random but invasive migration of an in situ generated carbene end group which is unmasked via the thermolysis of its precursor diazirine moiety. These hyperbranched cores are used as macroinitiators for 'grafting-from' polymerisation using controlled radical polymerisation to achieve amphiphilic copolymers which can subsequently be self-assembled into spherical core-shell micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Bexis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK and School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Maria C Arno
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. and Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Craig A Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK and Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anthony W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Poly(amino acid)-grafted polymacrolactones. Synthesis, self-assembling and ionic coupling properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.104316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kaluzynski K, Lewinski P, Pretula J, Szymanski R, Penczek S. ε-Caprolactone Polymerization Catalyzed by Heteropolyacid. Derivation of the Kinetic Equation for Activated Monomer Propagation and Determination of the Rate Constants of Propagation. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kaluzynski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Lewinski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Pretula
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Szymanski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Penczek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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Lewinski P, Pretula J, Kaluzynski K, Kaźmierski S, Penczek S. ε-Caprolactone: Activated monomer polymerization; controversy over the mechanism of polymerization catalyzed by phosphorus acids (diarylhydrogen phosphates). Do acids also act as initiators? J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Xu Y, Zhang K, Reghu S, Lin Y, Chan-Park MB, Liu XW. Synthesis of Antibacterial Glycosylated Polycaprolactones Bearing Imidazoliums with Reduced Hemolytic Activity. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:949-958. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sheethal Reghu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yichao Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mary B. Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
- Centre for Antimicrobial
Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Republic of Singapore
- Centre for Antimicrobial
Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
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Lligadas G, Grama S, Percec V. Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Biomacromolecules and their Conjugates by Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1039-1063. [PMID: 28276244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) represents a robust and versatile tool for the synthesis of vinyl polymers with well-defined topology and chain end functionality. The crucial step in SET-LRP is the disproportionation of the Cu(I)X generated by activation with Cu(0) wire, powder, or nascent Cu(0) generated in situ into nascent, extremely reactive Cu(0) atoms and nanoparticles and Cu(II)X2. Nascent Cu(0) activates the initiator and dormant chains via a homogeneous or heterogeneous outer-sphere single-electron transfer mechanism (SET-LRP). SET-LRP provides an ultrafast polymerization of a plethora of monomers (e.g., (meth)-acrylates, (meth)-acrylamides, styrene, and vinyl chloride) including hydrophobic and water insoluble to hydrophilic and water soluble. Some advantageous features of SET-LRP are (i) the use of Cu(0) wire or powder as readily available catalysts under mild reaction conditions, (ii) their excellent control over molecular weight evolution and distribution as well as polymer chain ends, (iii) their high functional group tolerance allowing the polymerization of commercial-grade monomers, and (iv) the limited purification required for the resulting polymers. In this Perspective, we highlight the recent advancements of SET-LRP in the synthesis of biomacromolecules and of their conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.,Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia Grama
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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Ma Q, Lei K, Ding J, Yu L, Ding J. Design, synthesis and ring-opening polymerization of a new iodinated carbonate monomer: a universal route towards ultrahigh radiopaque aliphatic polycarbonates. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01411b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A universal route towards ultrahigh radiopaque aliphatic polycarbonates was developed based on a new iodinated carbonate monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Kewen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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