1
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Van Guyse JFR, Bernhard Y, Podevyn A, Hoogenboom R. Non-activated Esters as Reactive Handles in Direct Post-Polymerization Modification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303841. [PMID: 37335931 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Non-activated esters are prominently featured functional groups in polymer science, as ester functional monomers display great structural diversity and excellent compatibility with a wide range of polymerization mechanisms. Yet, their direct use as a reactive handle in post-polymerization modification has been typically avoided due to their low reactivity, which impairs the quantitative conversion typically desired in post-polymerization modification reactions. While activated ester approaches are a well-established alternative, the modification of non-activated esters remains a synthetic and economically valuable opportunity. In this review, we discuss past and recent efforts in the utilization of non-activated ester groups as a reactive handle to facilitate transesterification and aminolysis/amidation reactions, and the potential of the developed methodologies in the context of macromolecular engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim F R Van Guyse
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yann Bernhard
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Université de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7053 L2CM, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, BP 70239, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Annelore Podevyn
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Amino functionalization of magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes with flexible hydrophobic spacer for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase and application in biocatalytic production of fruit flavour esters ethyl butyrate and butyl butyrate. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3
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Laurel M, MacKinnon D, Becker J, Terracciano R, Drain BA, Houck HA, Becer CR. Degradable thiomethacrylate core-crosslinked star-shaped polymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Degradable polymers are considered to present a promising solution to combat plastic pollution. However, many polymers are based on ester and amide bonds, which often require high temperatures and acidic/basic...
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4
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Baldassari LL, Mantovani AC, Jardim M, Maryasin B, Lüdtke DS. Meyer–Schuster-type rearrangement for the synthesis of α-selanyl-α,β-unsaturated thioesters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:117-120. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07019j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to prepare α-selanyl-α,β-unsaturated thioesters from propargylthioalkynes and an electrophilic selenium species is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L. Baldassari
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- UFRGS
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
| | - Anderson C. Mantovani
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- UFRGS
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
| | - Micaela Jardim
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- UFRGS
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
| | - Diogo S. Lüdtke
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- UFRGS
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
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5
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Polymer side-chain modification in methacrylate and styrene copolymers through thiol-thioester dynamic exchange. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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6
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Fila K, Podkościelna B, Podgórski M. Cross-Linked Polythiomethacrylate Esters Based on Naphthalene-Synthesis, Properties and Reprocessing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3021. [PMID: 32640678 PMCID: PMC7372384 DOI: 10.3390/ma13133021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two structurally different aromatic dithioesters were synthesized from two dithiols and methacryloyl chloride. The polymer networks based on methyl methacrylate and/or styrene and the new dimethacrylates were subsequently prepared. The polymerization yields of copolymers were in the range of 95-99%. The thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymers were determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), and Shore D hardness. The addition of dithioesters-1,5-NAF-S-Met (or 1,4(1,5)-NAF-CH2S-Met) (from 0.5% to 5%) to MMA- or ST-based polymers results in lowering the glass transition temperature (Tg) by about 8 °C. The thioester-containing polymers based on MMA exhibit lower thermal stability than those with ST. The polythioesters are stable up to 250 °C. The UV/vis spectra and refractive indexes of prepared liquid compositions were also measured. The 1,5-NAF-S-Met (and 1,4(1,5)-NAF-CH2S-Met) improved the refractive index values of ST and MMA compositions. The double bond conversion was also determined for all synthesized materials. The swelling studies of polymers with 20% addition of thioester crosslinkers were investigated. For all polymeric materials with 20% addition of thioesters, depolymerization of the network was carried out by thiol-thioester exchange. The depolymerization products were re-reacted in a thiol-ene reaction with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by thermal initiation. The thiol-ene procedure enabled reprocessing of starting polymers and obtaining new materials characterized by distinctly different thermal, mechanical, and swelling properties. The thiol-ene materials exhibit a lower Shore hardness in the range of 20-50 °Sh, as well as decreased Tg values when compared to starting copolymers. Due to these possible exchange reactions, one can facilely manipulate the properties of the polymers which could lead to the manufacturing of the new products with the desired features. Degradation of the cross-linked structure and recycling of copolymers were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Fila
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (B.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Beata Podkościelna
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (B.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Maciej Podgórski
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (B.P.); (M.P.)
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, UCB 596, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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7
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Abstract
New structural classes of antibiotics are rare, structurally novel broad-spectrum antibiotics exceptionally so. The recently discovered baulamycins constitute a remarkable example of these highly prized compounds and, as such, have attracted considerable attention in the form of both synthetic efforts and biological studies. For the first time, we report a gram-scale preparation of the common carbon framework of the baulamycin family, as well as the total synthesis of its most potent member, baulamycin A. Our approach employs highly stereoselective, catalyst-controlled asymmetric conjugate additions to thioesters to set key stereocenters, as well as the first reported use of "dry ozonolysis" to reveal a masked carboxylic acid in the total synthesis of a natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Thielman
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David H Sherman
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Robert M Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States.,University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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8
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Aksakal S, Liu R, Aksakal R, Becer CR. Nitroxide-mediated polymerisation of thioacrylates and their transformation into poly(acrylamide)s. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01129c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxide mediated polymers of thioacrylates can be transformed into poly(acrylamide)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Renjie Liu
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Resat Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
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9
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Aksakal S, Aksakal R, Becer CR. Transformation of Thioester-Initiated Star Polymers into Linear Arms via Native Chemical Ligation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900247. [PMID: 31237720 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new class of Cu-mediated polymerization initiators with thioester functionality is demonstrated and their polymerization kinetics via single-electron transfer living radical polymerization is reported. From periodic sampling, it is found that thioester- or ester-based initiators can be employed interchangeably, resulting in very similar polymerization rates. Furthermore, a multifunctional thioester initiator is employed for the preparation of a well-defined four-arm star-shaped polymer. It is further shown that the full dissociation of the star polymer into linear arms via native chemical ligation can easily be followed via size exclusion chromatography, as a result of the change in hydrodynamic volume. Finally, the obtained linear polymers are characterized via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and found to be in good agreement with the expected molecular weight distribution that confirms the successful transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Aksakal
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Resat Aksakal
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Caglar Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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10
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Smith RA, Fu G, McAteer O, Xu M, Gutekunst WR. Radical Approach to Thioester-Containing Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1446-1451. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A. Smith
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Guanyao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Owen McAteer
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mizhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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11
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Aksakal S, Beyer VP, Aksakal R, Becer CR. Copper mediated RDRP of thioacrylates and their combination with acrylates and acrylamides. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01518c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ethyl thioacrylate was polymerised via Cu-RDRP and subjected to amidation to obtain the first “all-acrylic” copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Valentin P. Beyer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Resat Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
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12
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Holloway JO, Mertens C, Du Prez FE, Badi N. Automated Synthesis Protocol of Sequence-Defined Oligo-Urethane-Amides Using Thiolactone Chemistry. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800685. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O. Holloway
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Chiel Mertens
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
- Institut Charles Sadron; CNRS, Université de Strasbourg; F-67000 Strasbourg France
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13
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Dararatana N, Seidi F, Crespy D. pH-Sensitive Polymer Conjugates for Anticorrosion and Corrosion Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:20876-20883. [PMID: 29812891 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the global cost of corrosion in the world was estimated to be around 2.5 trillion dollars and has been continuously increasing. The active protection by corrosion inhibitors is a well-known technique for protecting metals against corrosion. However, one major disadvantage is that corrosion inhibitors can be leached in the environment, even when corrosion does not occur. We design and synthesize smart polymer/corrosion inhibitor conjugates as a new generation of materials for corrosion protection. These materials release inhibitors upon acidification, which may occur either by acidic rain or as a consequence of the metal corrosion process itself. A polymerizable derivative of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ), an effective corrosion inhibitor, is prepared so that it contains acid-labile β-thiopropionate linkages. The monomer is copolymerized with ethyl acrylate, and the obtained functional polymer is processed to form nanoparticles. Under acidic conditions, >95% 8HQ is released from the nanoparticles of the polymer conjugates after 14 days. However, the release was significantly slower under neutral conditions, reaching only 15% during the same period. Additionally, nonconjugated 8HQ can be physically entrapped in the nanoparticles of the polymer conjugates by encapsulation. The nonconjugated 8HQ is then released in less than 30 min so that the coexistence of both conjugated and nonconjugated 8HQ in the nanoparticles allows a release profile, which is a hybrid of sustained and burst releases. Furthermore, the nanoparticles are advantageously used as nanosensors. The 8HQ released from the nanoparticles displays enhanced fluorescence upon chelation with aluminum ions. Therefore, the nanoparticles can be used simultaneously for corrosion sensing and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruphorn Dararatana
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
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14
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Abstract
Inspired by the uniqueness and ubiquity of thioesters in nature, much attention has been paid to thioester functionalized materials, yielding applications ranging from responsive polymers to bioconjugates and (bio)degradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratories
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Resat Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratories
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratories
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
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15
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Holloway JO, Aksakal S, Du Prez FE, Becer CR. Tailored Modification of Thioacrylates in a Versatile, Sequence-Defined Procedure. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 29068535 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the synthesis of sequence-defined oligomers using a selective side-group insertion approach making use of thiophenol-catalyzed amidation reactions is herein reported. In this context, a new thiolactone-based, multistep, iterative protocol is designed, utilizing thioacrylates in combination with solid-phase synthesis for step-by-step growth, resulting in sequence-defined oligomers. Sequence definition and structure variation are introduced by substituting the thioacrylate side groups with a wide variety of amines. The step-by-step growth of the oligomers is followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectroscopy to determine both conversion and purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O Holloway
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Suzan Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, E1 4NS, London, UK
| | - Filip E Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, E1 4NS, London, UK
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16
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Song S, Zhang Z, Liu X, Fu Z, Xu J, Fan Z. Synthesis and characterization of functional polyethylene with regularly distributed thioester pendants via ring-opening metathesis polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Junting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
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17
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Song S, Fu Z, Xu J, Fan Z. Synthesis of functional polyolefins via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of ester-functionalized cyclopentene and its copolymerization with cyclic comonomers. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01330b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Viaring-opening metathesis polymerization, functionalized polyolefins were synthesized by homopolymerization of alkoxycarbonyl cyclopentene and its copolymerizations with other cyclic olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Zhisheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Junting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
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