1
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Hola E, Ortyl J. Pyrylium salt as a visible-light-induced photoredox catalyst for polymer and organic synthesis – Perspectives on catalyst design and performance. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Sambiagio C, Ferrari M, van Beurden K, Ca’ ND, van Schijndel J, Noël T. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Pyrylium Tetrafluoroborates: Application to Synthesis of Katritzky Salts and Photoinduced Cationic RAFT Polymerization. Org Lett 2021; 23:2042-2047. [PMID: 33650879 PMCID: PMC8041383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Katritzky salts have emerged as effective alkyl radical sources upon metal- or photocatalysis. These are typically prepared from the corresponding triarylpyrylium ions, in turn an important class of photocatalysts for small molecules synthesis and photopolymerization. Here, a flow method for the rapid synthesis of both pyrylium and Katrizky salts in a telescoped fashion is reported. Moreover, several pyrylium salts were tested in the photoinduced RAFT polymerization of vinyl ethers under flow and batch conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Sambiagio
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic
Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Ferrari
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic
Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Koen van Beurden
- Research
Group Biopolymers/Green Chemistry, Avans
University of Applied Science, 4818 CR Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola della Ca’
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Jack van Schijndel
- Research
Group Biopolymers/Green Chemistry, Avans
University of Applied Science, 4818 CR Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic
Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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3
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Petko F, Świeży A, Ortyl J. Photoinitiating systems and kinetics of frontal photopolymerization processes – the prospects for efficient preparation of composites and thick 3D structures. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The frontal photopolymerisation combining a versatile interest in many applications and economic efficiency is destined to occupy a growing polymer economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Petko
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Świeży
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
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4
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Allonas X, Lecompère M, Gachet B, Criqui A, Maréchal D, Croutxé-Barghorn C. Pyridines as retarding agents in photoinduced thermal frontal cationic polymerization of epoxydes. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01332g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization of epoxide in the presence of pyridines as retarding agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - M. Lecompère
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - B. Gachet
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - A. Criqui
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - D. Maréchal
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - C. Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
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5
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Gachet B, Lecompère M, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Burr D, L'Hostis G, Allonas X. Highly reactive photothermal initiating system based on sulfonium salts for the photoinduced thermal frontal cationic polymerization of epoxides: a way to create carbon-fiber reinforced polymers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:41915-41920. [PMID: 35516561 PMCID: PMC9057885 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07561b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new combination of sulfonium salts has been investigated to cure opaque and thick carbon composite materials through photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization reaction. The photopolymerization occurs at the surface of the cycloaliphatic epoxide through the excitation of a triarylsulfonium salt and releases enough heat to decompose an alkyl-based sulfonium salt acting as a latent thermal initiator. Thus, a thermal front propagates into the medium leading to the polymerization of the whole sample. Thermal properties and optimal parameters are investigated to obtain frontal polymerization in the depth of the material. Front velocities were as high as 12.9 cm min−1 and were found to increase with an increasing concentration of thermal sulfonium salt. The effect of an addition of carbon filler is investigated with a concentration of up to 50 wt%, which allows the formation of a composite material with a high content of carbon without the need for thermal post curing. Photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization of epoxides made possible by use of a dual-cure initiating system based on sulfonium salts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Gachet
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Maxime Lecompère
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Dominique Burr
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Gildas L'Hostis
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique Textiles (LPMT), Université de Haute Alsace 11 rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
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6
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Garra P, Fouassier JP, Lakhdar S, Yagci Y, Lalevée J. Visible light photoinitiating systems by charge transfer complexes: Photochemistry without dyes. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Zhou YN, Li JJ, Wu YY, Luo ZH. Role of External Field in Polymerization: Mechanism and Kinetics. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2950-3048. [PMID: 32083844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in developing advanced polymerization techniques subjected to external fields. Various physical modulations, such as temperature, light, electricity, magnetic field, ultrasound, and microwave irradiation, are noninvasive means, having superb but distinct abilities to regulate polymerizations in terms of process intensification and spatial and temporal controls. Gas as an emerging regulator plays a distinctive role in controlling polymerization and resembles a physical regulator in some cases. This review provides a systematic overview of seven types of external-field-regulated polymerizations, ranging from chain-growth to step-growth polymerization. A detailed account of the relevant mechanism and kinetics is provided to better understand the role of each external field in polymerization. In addition, given the crucial role of modeling and simulation in mechanisms and kinetics investigation, an overview of model construction and typical numerical methods used in this field as well as highlights of the interaction between experiment and simulation toward kinetics in the existing systems are given. At the end, limitations and future perspectives for this field are critically discussed. This state-of-the-art research progress not only provides the fundamental principles underlying external-field-regulated polymerizations but also stimulates new development of advanced polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ning Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hong Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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8
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Liu Y, Yu HY, Lu XB. Fast Ring‐Opening Polymerization of 1,2‐Disubstituted Epoxides Initiated by a Co
III
‐Salen Complex. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Hui Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Xiao Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
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9
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Redox two-component initiated free radical and cationic polymerizations: Concepts, reactions and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Garra P, Caron A, Al Mousawi A, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Yagci Y, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Photochemical, Thermal Free Radical, and Cationic Polymerizations Promoted by Charge Transfer Complexes: Simple Strategy for the Fabrication of Thick Composites. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aurore Caron
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Assi Al Mousawi
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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11
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Garra P, Bonardi AH, Baralle A, Al Mousawi A, Bonardi F, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Monitoring photopolymerization reactions through thermal imaging: A unique tool for the real-time follow-up of thick samples, 3D printing, and composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Aude-Héloïse Bonardi
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Alexandre Baralle
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Assi Al Mousawi
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Fabien Bonardi
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques de l'INSA Normandie Univ, INSA ROUEN, LMI; Rouen 76000 France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky; Mulhouse Cedex 68057 France
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12
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Garra P, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Photopolymerization processes of thick films and in shadow areas: a review for the access to composites. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01778b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The state of the art for the access to thick samples by photopolymerization processes as well as some perspectives are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
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13
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Lecompere M, Allonas X, Marechal D, Criqui A. Dual-cure Photo-thermal Initiating System for Cationic Polymerization of Epoxy under LED Visible Light. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2017. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.30.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lecompere
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace
- Mader
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace
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