1
|
Durán R, Barrales-Martínez C, Santana-Romo F, Rodríguez DF, Zacconi FC, Herrera B. Substitution Effects in Aryl Halides and Amides into the Reaction Mechanism of Ullmann-Type Coupling Reactions. Molecules 2024; 29:1770. [PMID: 38675590 PMCID: PMC11051942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this article, we present a comprehensive computational investigation into the reaction mechanism of N-arylation of substituted aryl halides through Ullmann-type coupling reactions. Our computational findings, obtained through DFT ωB97X-D/6-311G(d,p) and ωB97X-D/LanL2DZ calculations, reveal a direct relation between the previously reported experimental reaction yields and the activation energy of haloarene activation, which constitutes the rate-limiting step in the overall coupling process. A detailed analysis of the reaction mechanism employing the Activation Strain Model indicates that the strain in the substituted iodoanilines is the primary contributor to the energy barrier, representing an average of 80% of the total strain energy. Additional analysis based on conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT) suggests that the nucleophilicity of the nitrogen in the lactam is directly linked to the activation energies. These results provide valuable insights into the factors influencing energetic barriers and, consequently, reaction yields. These insights enable the rational modification of reactants to optimize the N-arylation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Durán
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (R.D.); (C.B.-M.)
| | - César Barrales-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (R.D.); (C.B.-M.)
| | - Fabián Santana-Romo
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (F.S.-R.); (D.F.R.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador
| | - Diego F. Rodríguez
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (F.S.-R.); (D.F.R.)
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (F.S.-R.); (D.F.R.)
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Barbara Herrera
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao Y, Shi Q, Gao K, Shao J, Zhu H, Zeng L, Zhang C, Xi J, Zhuang R, Zhang J. Self-[3+2] annulation reaction of pyridinium salts: synthesis of N-indolizine-substituted pyridine-2(1 H)-ones. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A self-[3+2] annulation reaction of pyridinium salts has been developed for the synthesis of N-indolizine-substituted pyridine-2(1H)-ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- School of pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Zhejiang Ausun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Jianjun Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Rangxiao Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sen A, Dhital RN, Sato T, Ohno A, Yamada YMA. Switching from Biaryl Formation to Amidation with Convoluted Polymeric Nickel Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Sen
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Raghu N. Dhital
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takuma Sato
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Aya Ohno
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoichi M. A. Yamada
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paul S, Joy BP, Rajendran R, Gudimetla VB. Cost Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers Catalysed by CuI, Imidazolium Chloride and Cs
2
CO
3. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Paul
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Bony P. Joy
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rajarajan Rajendran
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Vittal B. Gudimetla
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ritter F, Mukherjee D, Spaniol TP, Hoffmann A, Okuda J. A Masked Cuprous Hydride as a Catalyst for Carbonyl Hydrosilylation in Aqueous Solutions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1818-1822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Ritter
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
- Current address: Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ritter F, Mukherjee D, Spaniol TP, Hoffmann A, Okuda J. Ein maskiertes Kupferhydrid als Katalysator für die Carbonylhydrosilylierung in wässrigen Lösungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Ritter
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Derzeitige Adresse: Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur Westbengalen 721302 Indien
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
- Derzeitige Adresse: Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur Westbengalen 721302 Indien
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sambiagio C, Schönbauer D, Blieck R, Dao-Huy T, Pototschnig G, Schaaf P, Wiesinger T, Zia MF, Wencel-Delord J, Besset T, Maes BUW, Schnürch M. A comprehensive overview of directing groups applied in metal-catalysed C-H functionalisation chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6603-6743. [PMID: 30033454 PMCID: PMC6113863 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1094] [Impact Index Per Article: 182.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review is devoted to summarizing the recent advances (2015-2017) in the field of metal-catalysed group-directed C-H functionalisation. In order to clearly showcase the molecular diversity that can now be accessed by means of directed C-H functionalisation, the whole is organized following the directing groups installed on a substrate. Its aim is to be a comprehensive reference work, where a specific directing group can be easily found, together with the transformations which have been carried out with it. Hence, the primary format of this review is schemes accompanied with a concise explanatory text, in which the directing groups are ordered in sections according to their chemical structure. The schemes feature typical substrates used, the products obtained as well as the required reaction conditions. Importantly, each example is commented on with respect to the most important positive features and drawbacks, on aspects such as selectivity, substrate scope, reaction conditions, directing group removal, and greenness. The targeted readership are both experts in the field of C-H functionalisation chemistry (to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in the last years) and, even more so, all organic chemists who want to introduce the C-H functionalisation way of thinking for a design of straightforward, efficient and step-economic synthetic routes towards molecules of interest to them. Accordingly, this review should be of particular interest also for scientists from industrial R&D sector. Hence, the overall goal of this review is to promote the application of C-H functionalisation reactions outside the research groups dedicated to method development and establishing it as a valuable reaction archetype in contemporary R&D, comparable to the role cross-coupling reactions play to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Sambiagio
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - David Schönbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Remi Blieck
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Toan Dao-Huy
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Gerit Pototschnig
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Patricia Schaaf
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Thomas Wiesinger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Zia
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 7509)
, Université de Strasbourg
,
ECPM 25 Rue Becquerel
, 67087 Strasbourg
, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gurjar KK, Sharma RK. Mechanistic Studies of Ullmann-Type C-N Coupling Reactions: Carbonate-Ligated Copper(III) Intermediates. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|