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Heo JW, An L, Kim MS, Youn DH, Kim YS. Preparation and characterization of zwitterion-substituted lignin/Nafion composite membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127421. [PMID: 37838126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel zwitterion-substituted lignin (ZL) containing amino and sulfonic acid groups was synthesized, and ZL/Nafion composite membranes were fabricated as proton exchange membranes. Kraft lignin was modified using an aminosilane and 1,3-propanesultone via a continuous grafting reaction to provide zwitterionic moieties. Chemical structural analyses confirmed the successful introduction of the zwitterion moiety into lignin. In particular, the surface charge of ZL is positive in an acidic medium and negative in a basic medium, suggesting that ZL is a zwitterionic material. ZL was incorporated into a Nafion membrane to enhance its ion exchange capacity, thermal stability, and hydrophilicity. The proton conductivity of ZL/Nafion 0.5 %, 151.0 mS/cm, was 55.3 % higher than that of unmodified ML (methanol-soluble lignin)/Nafion 0.5 % (97.2 mS/cm), indicating that the zwitterion moiety of ZL enhances the proton transport ability. In addition, oxidative stability evaluation confirmed that ZL/Nafion 2 % was chemically more durable than pure Nafion. This confirmed that using lignin as a membrane additive yielded positive results in terms of chemical durability and oxidation stability in Nafion. Therefore, ZL is expected to be utilized as a multifunctional additive and exhibits the potential for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Heo
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Liangliang An
- Faculty of Chemical and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck Hyun Youn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Integrative Engineering for Hydrogen Safety, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Agarkar T, Tripathy S, Chawla V, Sengupta M, Ghosh S, Kumar A. A batch processed titanium-vanadium oxide nanocomposite based solid-state electrochemical sensor for zeptomolar nucleic acid detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4495-4513. [PMID: 36326012 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01141g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Approaching a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) based diagnosis of a pathogen from an electrochemistry pathway is a relatively economical, decentralized, and yet highly sensitive route. This work aimed to construct an electrochemical biosensor with a 2-electrode geometry using a transition metal oxide (TMO) based sensing layer. A series of batch-processed TiO2-V2O5 (TVO) nanocomposite-based electrodes were fabricated to probe their electrochemical performance and attain a highly sensitive dual-electrode electrochemical sensor (DEES) compared to pristine V2O5. The XRD analysis of the electrodes confirmed the formation of a nanocomposite, while the XPS analysis correlated the formation of oxygen vacancies with improved electrical conduction measured via EIS and I-V characterization. Furthermore, the work demonstrated the application of the optimized electrode in electrochemical detection of end-point loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) readout for 101-104 copies (0.1 zeptomoles to 0.1 attomoles) of SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) plasmid DNA and in vitro transcribed RNA in an aqueous solution. The device achieved a limit of detection as low as 2.5 and 0.25 copies per μL for plasmid DNA and in vitro transcribed RNA, respectively. The DEES was able to successfully detect in situ LAMP performed on magneto-extracted SARS-CoV-2 plasmid and RNA from (a) an aqueous solution, (b) a sample spiked with excess human genomic DNA, and (c) a serum-spiked sample. The DEES results were then compared with those of real-time fluorescence and commercially available screen-printed electrodes (SPEs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Agarkar
- Department of Physics, Bennett University, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, India
- Pristine Diamonds Pvt. Ltd., India
| | - Sayantan Tripathy
- Department of Chemistry, Bennett University, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, India
| | - Vipin Chawla
- Institute Instrumentation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Mrittika Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, India
| | - Souradyuti Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bennett University, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, India
- Division of Radiation and Stress Biology, UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata Center, India
| | - Ashvani Kumar
- Department of Physics, Bennett University, India
- Pristine Diamonds Pvt. Ltd., India
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Xu K, Pei S, Zhang W, Han Z, Liu G, Xu X, Ma J, Zhang Y, Liu F, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zou Y, Ding H, Guan P. Chemical stability of proton exchange membranes synergistically promoted by organic antioxidant and inorganic radical scavengers. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Al-Enazi NM, Alwakeel S, Alhomaidi E. Photocatalytic and biological activities of green synthesized SnO 2 nanoparticles using Chlorella vulgaris. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3265-3275. [PMID: 35503005 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To produce tin oxide (SnO2 ) nanoparticles (NP) with microalga for use in azo dye polluted wastewater treatment and to optimize the conditions to synthesize as small NPs as possible. METHODS AND RESULTS The green microalga Chlorella vulgaris mediated NPs were synthesized after an optimization process utilizing the statistical response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized synthesis conditions were 200 W microwave power, 0.5 mM SnCl2 concentration, and 200 °C calcination temperature. Methyl orange (MO) was studied for its photocatalytic degradation with UV. Antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria was studied using the well diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was measured using the MMT assay with lung cancer cell line A549, and antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging. Following the optimization of their production, the produced crystalline SnO2 NPs were on average 32.2 nm (by XRD) with a hydrodynamic size of 52.5 nm (by LDS). Photocatalytic degradation of MO under UV was nearly complete (94% removal) after 90 min and the particles could be reused for 5 cycles retaining 80% activity. The particles had antibacterial activity towards all five tested bacterial pathogens with the minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 22 to 36 μg/ml. The minimum bactericidal NP concentration varied between 83 and 136 μg/ml. Antioxidant activity was concentration dependent. A cytotoxicity was determined towards A549 cells with an LD50 of 188 μg/ml after 24 h of incubation, a concentration that is much higher than the active concentration for dye removal ranging from 22 to 36 μg/ml. CONCLUSIONS After optimization, SnO2 nanoparticles produced with C. vulgaris displayed high photocatalytic activity at concentrations below their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The SnO2 nanoparticles produced with the help of microalgae are suitable for the removal of MO dye from wastewater. Further applications of this green technology can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Al-Enazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suaad Alwakeel
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alhomaidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Singh SK, Srinivasan A, Mitra S, Gooh Pattader PS. Carbon dots and Methylene blue facilitated photometric quantification of Hemoglobin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120906. [PMID: 35077978 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Early detection and monitoring of any abnormality of Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in whole blood samples are important as this may be related to anemia, leukemia, dengue, etc. To facilitate quantitative detection and to monitor the hemoglobin level in the blood, we attempt to develop a low-cost, portable point of care (POC) device based on the spectrophotometric principle. Optical sensitivities of carbon quantum dots (CDs) are found to be highly responsive, while there is a selective reaction between Hb and reduced form of Methylene Blue (MBred). The interaction of Hb, MBred, and CDs is delineated using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. CDs have a characteristic UV-Vis peak at ∼ 347 nm, and it shows a gradual increase in intensity with a slight red shift (∼355 nm) on the progressive increase in Hb concentration. Simultaneously, the colorless MBred is oxidized to its blue oxidized form MBox and its characteristic peak starts reappearing at ∼ 663 nm. These responses are exploited to quantify Hb concentration with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as ∼ 2 g dL-1 in a developed POC device, and the results are validated with the clinical data obtained from a local hospital with reasonably good agreement. This photometric detection approach can be adopted for other quantitative biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Aishwarya Srinivasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Shirsendu Mitra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Partho Sarathi Gooh Pattader
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; School of Health Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Simultaneous improvement of proton conductivity and chemical stability of Nafion membranes via embedment of surface-modified ceria nanoparticles in membrane surface. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bakhshi O, Bagherzade G, Ghamari kargar P. Biosynthesis of Organic Nanocomposite Using Pistacia vera L. Hull: An Efficient Antimicrobial Agent. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:4105853. [PMID: 34335708 PMCID: PMC8286193 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here presented a quick and easy synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Pistachio hull extract has been used as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the preparation of CuNPs. This biosynthesis is a kind of supporter of the environment because chemical agents were not used to making nanoparticles, and on the other hand, it prevents the release of pistachio waste in nature and its adverse effects on nature. The biosynthesized CuNPs and CuNPs/silver Schiff base nanocomposite (CSS NC) were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). CuNP and CSS NC antimicrobial activity was examined by both well diffusion and determination MIC methods against four bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two fungi Aspergillus Niger and Candida albicans. CuNPs and CSS NC showed significant antimicrobial activity on the samples, preventing the growth of bacteria and fungi at very low concentrations. CuNPs and CSS NC had the greatest effect on Escherichia coli bacteria and Aspergillus niger fungi. Phenolic compounds are one of the most important antioxidants that are involved in various fields, including pharmacy. Pistacia vera hull is a rich source of phenolic compounds. In this study, the most phenolic compound in Pistacia vera hull is gallic acid and rutin, which has been identified by HPLC analysis. In this study, Pistacia vera hull essential oil analysis was performed by the GC-MS method, in which α-pinene, D-limonene, and isobornyl acetate compounds constitute the highest percentage of Pistacia vera hull essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolbanin Bakhshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-615, Iran
| | - Ghodsieh Bagherzade
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-615, Iran
| | - Pouya Ghamari kargar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-615, Iran
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Shin SH, Nur PJ, Kodir A, Kwak DH, Lee H, Shin D, Bae B. Improving the Mechanical Durability of Short-Side-Chain Perfluorinated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes by Annealing and Physical Reinforcement. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19153-19163. [PMID: 31763538 PMCID: PMC6868593 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Physically reinforced short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid electrolyte membranes were fabricated by annealing and using a porous support. Five types of solution-cast membranes were produced from commercial perfluorinated ionomers (3M and Aquivion (AQ)) with different equivalent weights, annealed at different temperatures, and characterized in terms of ion conductivity, water uptake, and in-plane/through-plane swelling, while the effect of annealing on physical structure of membranes was evaluated by small-angle X-ray scattering and dynamic mechanical analysis. To create a reinforced composite membrane (RCM), we impregnated a polytetrafluoroethylene porous support with 3M 729 and AQ 720 electrolytes exhibiting excellent proton conductivity and water uptake. The electrolyte impregnation stability for the porous support was evaluated using a solvent resistance test, and the best performance was observed for the 3M 729 RCM annealed at 200 °C. Both annealed and nonannealed 3M 729 RCMs were used to produce membrane electrode assemblies, the durability of which was evaluated by open-circuit voltage combined wet-dry cycling tests. The nonannealed 3M 729 RCM survived 5800 cycles, while the 3M 729 RCM annealed at 200 °C survived 16 600 cycles and thus exhibited improved mechanical durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Shin
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Pratama Juniko Nur
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- Renewable
Energy Engineering, University of Science
& Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
| | - Abdul Kodir
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- Renewable
Energy Engineering, University of Science
& Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
| | - Da-Hee Kwak
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Shin
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungchan Bae
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), 152,
Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- Renewable
Energy Engineering, University of Science
& Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
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Dai Y, Wang J, Tao P, He R. Various hydrophilic carbon dots doped high temperature proton exchange composite membranes based on polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethersulfone. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:503-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Taghizadeh MT, Vatanparast M. Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of ZrO 2 nanoparticles and their application to improve the chemical stability of Nafion membrane in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 483:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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