1
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Zhao S, Chen X, Fan Z, Ni R, Liu X, Tian Y, Zhou B. Using lignin degraded to synthesize phenolic foams with excellent flame retardant property. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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2
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Goes Lopes PJ, Berger C, Dalla Costa HW, Coldebella R, Ibeiro de Oliveira A, Lunkes N, Gatto DA, de Avila Delucis R, Missio AL. Effect of the pH value of tannin extracts on properties of classic tannin foams. J CELL PLAST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x221144546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Natural tannin-based foams are three-dimensional porous materials. Many different formulations have been investigated in order to reach foams with improved performance and increased commercial attractiveness. In this sense, each different tannin pH may impart different physical and thermochemical properties to the foams, which has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, seven rigid tannin foams (formaldehyde/sulfur-free) were produced using tannin extracts with variable pH values ( c.a. from 2.3 to 12.2). The most acidic tannin extracts (below 4.8) yielded tannin foams with the most lightweight (apparent density below 0.077 g.cm−3), homogeneous, and hydrophobic (water solubility below 23.5%) cellular-network architectures. Also, in most cases, the smaller the tannin pH, the higher the thermal stability of the foam. Further studies may address other technological requirements needed for thermal insulation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Jorge Goes Lopes
- Forest Products Laboratory (PPGEF), Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Berger
- Forest Products Laboratory (PPGEF), Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Weber Dalla Costa
- Forest Products Laboratory (PPGEF), Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Coldebella
- Forest Products Laboratory (PPGEF), Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alencar Ibeiro de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nayara Lunkes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Architecture and Urbanism Undergraduate Student, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Darci Alberto Gatto
- Forest Products Laboratory (PPGEF), Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCAmb), Engineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Avila Delucis
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCAmb), Engineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Missio
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCAmb), Engineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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3
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Ma Y, Xiao Y, Zhao Y, Bei Y, Hu L, Zhou Y, Jia P. Biomass based polyols and biomass based polyurethane materials as a route towards sustainability. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Sarika PR, Nancarrow P, Khansaheb A, Ibrahim T. Progress in Bio‐Based Phenolic Foams: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Sarika
- American University of Sharjah Department of Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Paul Nancarrow
- American University of Sharjah Department of Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulrahman Khansaheb
- Khansaheb Industries Airport Road, Rashidiya, P.O. Box 13 Dubai United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb Ibrahim
- American University of Sharjah Department of Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
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5
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Bo C, Shi Z, Hu L, Pan Z, Hu Y, Yang X, Jia P, Ren X, Zhang M, Zhou Y. Cardanol derived P, Si and N based precursors to develop flame retardant phenolic foam. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12082. [PMID: 32694665 PMCID: PMC7374163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel eco-friendly halogen-free cardanol-based flame retardant with P, Si, and N on the chain backbone (PSNCFR) was synthesized and incorporated into phenolic foams (PFs). PSNCFR was comprehensively investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. PSNCFR endowed PFs with flame retardancy, contributed to generating a composite char defense against flames, and efficiently prevented smoking from PFs. PSNCFR introduction improved the flexural strength of the PFs to approximately 155% of that of pristine PF. PSNCFR-modified PFs displayed a high limiting oxygen index value of 41.9%. The results of cone calorimeter show that the mean heat release rate, mean effective heat of combustion, and total heat release of the PSNCFR-modified PFs reduced by 26.92%, 35.71%, and 31.25%, respectively. In particular, the total smoke production of the PSNCFR-modified PFs decreased by 64.55%, indicating excellent smoke inhibition. As for the mechanism, the condensation and gas phases during pyrolysis were responsible for the synergistic flame retardancy in the modified PFs. The findings demonstrate that PSNCFR can be used in PF preparation to overcome their drawbacks of internal brittleness and flammability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng Pan
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key Laboratory Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.
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6
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Song F, Jia P, Bo C, Ren X, Hu L, Zhou Y. The mechanical and flame retardant characteristics of lignin-based phenolic foams reinforced with MWCNTs by in-situ polymerization. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1735410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF); National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, China
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7
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Hu Y, Shang Q, Bo C, Jia P, Feng G, Zhang F, Liu C, Zhou Y. Synthesis and Properties of UV-Curable Polyfunctional Polyurethane Acrylate Resins from Cardanol. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12505-12511. [PMID: 31460370 PMCID: PMC6681986 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel UV-curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) oligomer was synthesized by modifying cardanol with a polyfunctional acrylate precursor obtained through reacting pentaerythritol triacrylate with isophoronediisocyanate. Chemical structures of the obtained cardanol-based PUA (C-PUA) oligomer were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR. Subsequently, viscosity and gel content of the C-PUA resins containing different quantities of hydroxymethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were characterized. The C-PUA oligomer possessed a viscosity of 8360 mPa s, which reduced to 115 mPa s when 40% of the HEMA diluent was added. Furthermore, thermal, mechanical, coating, and swelling properties of the resulting UV-cured C-PUA/HEMA materials were investigated. The ultimate biomaterials showed excellent performance, including a glass transition temperature (T g) of 74-123 °C, maximum thermal degradation temperature of 437-441 °C, tensile strength of 12.4-32.0 MPa, tensile modulus of 107.2-782.7 MPa, and coating adhesion of 1-2. In conclusion, the developed C-PUA resins show great potential to be applied in UV-curable materials like coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Shang
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Feng
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing 210031, P. R. China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and
Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing
and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and
Grassland Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass
Chemical Utilization, Chinese Academy of
Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
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8
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Xu W, Chen R, Xu J, Wang G, Cheng C, Yan H. Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- Miami CollegeHenan University Jinming Avenue Kaifeng Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Guisong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanming Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
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9
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Tang Q, Fang L, Guo W. Effects of Bamboo Fiber Length and Loading on Mechanical, Thermal and Pulverization Properties of Phenolic Foam Composites. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2019. [DOI: 10.21967/jbb.v4i1.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Chu F, Zhang D, Hou Y, Qiu S, Wang J, Hu W, Song L. Construction of Hierarchical Natural Fabric Surface Structure Based on Two-Dimensional Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Its Application for Preparing Biobased Toughened Unsaturated Polyester Resin Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:40168-40179. [PMID: 30365884 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
It has been a big challenge to prepare the unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composites with good fire safety, interfacial quality, and impact strength in an environmentally friendly way. In this study, to improve interfacial performance of fabric-reinforced UPR composites, nontoxic two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets were assembled on the surface of ramie fabrics, where sodium alginate acts as a green dispersant to disperse h-BN sheets during the process. Then, the biobased phosphorus-containing toughening agent (PCTA) was synthesized to simultaneously improve the impact strength and fire safety of the composite. With application of h-BN nanosheets-assembled fabric (AF) and 20 wt % of PCTA, the AF/UPR@PCTA20 composite presented the maximum 41.2% decrease in the value of peak heat release rate and a maximum 17.8% decrease in the value of total heat release, which also reached V-0 rating in the vertical burning test. Meanwhile, the AF/UPR@PCTA20 composite showed an obvious increase in limiting oxygen index, from 24.0 to 29.5% compared with RF/UPR. The flame retardant mechanism was investigated from gas phase and condensed phase. Furthermore, compared to neat RF/UPR composite, the AF/UPR@PCTA20 composite showed a significant 68.8% improvement in impact strength, implying an extreme toughening effect of PCTA on UPR composites. The research provides a viable green method for the development of environmentally friendly UPR composites in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
| | - Dichang Zhang
- Department of Physical Science , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Yanbei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
| | - Shuilai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
| | - Junling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , PR China
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11
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Yu Y, Wang Y, Xu P, Chang J. Preparation and Characterization of Phenolic Foam Modified with Bio-Oil. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112228. [PMID: 30423925 PMCID: PMC6266403 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bio-oil was added as a substitute for phenol for the preparation of a foaming phenolic resin (PR), which aimed to reduce the brittleness and pulverization of phenolic foam (PF). The components of bio-oil, the chemical structure of bio-oil phenolic resin (BPR), and the mechanical performances, and the morphological and thermal properties of bio-oil phenolic foam (BPF) were investigated. The bio-oil contained a number of phenols and abundant substances with long-chain alkanes. The peaks of OH groups, CH₂ groups, C=O groups, and aromatic skeletal vibration on the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum became wider and sharper after adding bio-oil. These suggested that the bio-oil could partially replace phenol to prepare resin and had great potential for toughening resin. When the substitute rate of bio-oil to phenol (B/P substitute rate) was between 10% and 20%, the cell sizes of BPFs were smaller and more uniform than those of PF. The compressive strength and flexural strength of BPFs with a 10⁻20% B/P substitute rate increased by 10.5⁻47.4% and 25.0⁻50.5% respectively, and their pulverization ratios decreased by 14.5⁻38.6% in comparison to PF. All BPFs maintained good flame-retardant properties, thermal stability, and thermal isolation, although the limited oxygen index (LOI) and residual masses by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of BPFs were lower and the thermal conducticity was slightly greater than those of PF. This indicated that the bio-oil could be used as a renewable toughening agent for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Yu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yufei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Pingping Xu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianmin Chang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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12
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Liu L, Wang Z. Facile synthesis of a novel magnesium amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate)-reduced graphene oxide hybrid and its high performance in mechanical strength, thermal stability, smoke suppression and flame retardancy in phenolic foam. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 357:89-99. [PMID: 29864692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a one-step synthesis of a magnesium amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate) (Mg-AMP)-reduced graphene oxide (Mg-rGO) hybrid involving graphene oxide (GO) reduction and growth in situ of Mg-AMP nanoparticles in the absence of a reducing agent. Mg-rGO was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies, transmission electronic microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Mg-rGO was then used to prepare flame-retardant and toughened phenolic (PF) foam. This additive was found to enhance the compressive and flexural strengths of PF foam as well as to reduce its high friability and brittleness. The limiting oxygen index of the foam with 4 phr Mg-rGO (sample PF/4Mg-rGO) increased to 41.5%, compared with the 38% of untreated foam; the peak heat release rate and total heat release of sample PF/4Mg-rGO were decreased by 28.7 and 18.4%, respectively. Also, the total smoke release and peak CO production rate of PF/4Mg-rGO were reduced by 52.5 and 38.1%, respectively. TGA results indicated that Mg-rGO clearly improved the thermal stability of PF foam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, PR China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201804, PR China.
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13
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Wazarkar K, Sabnis A. Synergistic effect of P S and crosslink density on performance properties of epoxy coatings cured with cardanol based multifunctional carboxyl curing agents. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Hu Y, Shang Q, Wang C, Feng G, Liu C, Xu F, Zhou Y. Renewable epoxidized cardanol-based acrylate as a reactive diluent for UV-curable resins. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Qianqian Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Cuina Wang
- College of Science; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Guodong Feng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; Nanjing 210042 China
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Kumar S, Krishnan S, Samal SK, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Toughening of Petroleum Based (DGEBA) Epoxy Resins with Various Renewable Resources Based Flexible Chains for High Performance Applications: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer Kumar
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET), B/25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sukhila Krishnan
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET), B/25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sushanta K. Samal
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET), B/25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET), B/25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjay K. Nayak
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET), B/25, CNI Complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
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