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Palion-Gazda J, Kwiecień A, Choroba K, Penkala M, Kryczka A, Machura B. The Role of Intraligand Charge Transfer Processes in Iridium(III) Complexes with Morpholine-Decorated 4'-Phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine. Molecules 2024; 29:3074. [PMID: 38999026 PMCID: PMC11243112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of the electron-donating morpholinyl (morph) group on the ground- and excited-state properties of two different types of Ir(III) complexes, [IrCl3(R-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)] and [Ir(R-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3, the compounds [IrCl3(morph-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)] (1A), 4[Ir(morph-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3 (2A), [IrCl3(Ph-terpy-κ3N)] (1B) and [Ir(Ph-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3 (2B) were obtained. Their photophysical properties were comprehensively investigated with the aid of static and time-resolved spectroscopic methods accompanied by theoretical DFT/TD-DFT calculations. In the case of bis-terpyridyl iridium(III) complexes, the attachment of the morpholinyl group induced dramatic changes in the absorption and emission characteristics, manifested by the appearance of a new, very strong visible absorption tailing up to 600 nm, and a significant bathochromic shift in the emission of 2A relative to the model chromophore. The emission features of 2A and 2B were found to originate from the triplet excited states of different natures: intraligand charge transfer (3ILCT) for 2A and intraligand with a small admixture of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3IL-3MLCT) for 2B. The optical properties of the mono-terpyridyl iridium(III) complexes were less significantly impacted by the morpholinyl substituent. Based on UV-Vis absorption spectra, emission wavelengths and lifetimes in different environments, transient absorption studies, and theoretical calculations, it was demonstrated that the visible absorption and emission features of 1A are governed by singlet and triplet excited states of a mixed MLLCT-ILCT nature, with a dominant contribution of the first component, that is, metal-ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (MLLCT). The involvement of ILCT transitions was reflected by an enhancement of the molar extinction coefficients of the absorption bands of 1A in the range of 350-550 nm, and a small red shift in its emission relative to the model chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kwiecień
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kryczka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Palion-Gazda J, Choroba K, Maroń AM, Malicka E, Machura B. Structural and Photophysical Trends in Rhenium(I) Carbonyl Complexes with 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridines. Molecules 2024; 29:1631. [PMID: 38611910 PMCID: PMC11013590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive review of rhenium(I) carbonyl complexes with 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine-based ligands (R-terpy)-encompassing their synthesis, molecular features, photophysical behavior, and potential applications. Particular attention has been devoted to demonstrating how the coordination mode of 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (terpy-κ2N and terpy-κ3N), structural modifications of terpy framework (R), and the nature of ancillary ligands (X-mono-negative anion, L-neutral ligand) may tune the photophysical behavior of Re(I) complexes [Re(X/L)(CO)3(R-terpy-κ2N)]0/+ and [Re(X/L)(CO)2(R-terpy-κ3N)]0/+. Our discussion also includes homo- and heteronuclear multicomponent systems with {Re(CO)3(R-terpy-κ2N)} and {Re(CO)2(R-terpy-κ3N)} motifs. The presented structure-property relationships are of high importance for controlling the photoinduced processes in these systems and making further progress in the development of more efficient Re-based luminophores, photosensitizers, and photocatalysts for modern technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; (K.C.); (A.M.M.); (E.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; (K.C.); (A.M.M.); (E.M.)
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Saha S, Doughty T, Banerjee D, Patel SK, Mallick D, Iyer ESS, Roy S, Mitra R. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to CO by a series of organometallic Re(I)-tpy complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15394-15411. [PMID: 37203345 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00441d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of organometallic Re(I)(L)(CO)3Br complexes with 4'-substituted terpyridine ligands (L) has been synthesised as electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction. The complexes' spectroscopic characterisation and computationally optimised geometry demonstrate a facial geometry around Re(I) with three cis COs and the terpyridine ligand coordinating in a bidentate mode. The effect of substitution on the 4'-position of terpyridine (Re1-5) on CO2 electroreduction was investigated and compared with a known Lehn-type catalyst, Re(I)(bpy)(CO)3Br (Re7). All complexes catalyse CO evolution in homogeneous organic media at moderate overpotentials (0.75-0.95 V) with faradaic yields of 62-98%. The electrochemical catalytic activity was further evaluated in the presence of three Brønsted acids to demonstrate the influence of the pKa of the proton sources. The TDDFT and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) studies showed combined charge transfer bands of ILCT and MLCT. Amongst the series, the Re-complex containing a ferrocenyl-substituted terpyridine ligand (Re5) shows an additional intra-ligand charge transfer band and was probed using UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Saha
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Thomas Doughty
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7DL, UK.
| | - Dibyendu Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India.
| | - Sunil K Patel
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India.
| | - E Siva Subramaniam Iyer
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Souvik Roy
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7DL, UK.
| | - Raja Mitra
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
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Fortea-Pérez FR, Vallejo J, Mastropietro TF, De Munno G, Rabelo R, Cano J, Julve M. Field-Induced Single-Ion Magnet Behavior in Nickel(II) Complexes with Functionalized 2,2':6'-2″-Terpyridine Derivatives: Preparation and Magneto-Structural Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114423. [PMID: 37298899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Two mononuclear nickel(II) complexes of the formula [Ni(terpyCOOH)2](ClO4)2∙4H2O (1) and [Ni(terpyepy)2](ClO4)2 MeOH (2) [terpyCOOH = 4'-carboxyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine and terpyepy = 4'-[(2-pyridin-4-yl)ethynyl]-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine] have been prepared and their structures determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 are mononuclear compounds, where the nickel(II) ions are six-coordinate by the six nitrogen atoms from two tridentate terpy moieties. The mean values of the equatorial Ni-N bond distances [2.11(1) and 2.12(1) Å for Ni(1) at 1 and 2, respectively, are somewhat longer than the axial ones [2.008(6) and 2.003(6) Å (1)/2.000(1) and 1.999(1) Å (2)]. The values of the shortest intermolecular nickel-nickel separation are 9.422(1) (1) and 8.901(1) Å (2). Variable-temperature (1.9-200 K) direct current (dc) magnetic susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline samples of 1 and 2 reveal a Curie law behavior in the high-temperature range, which corresponds to magnetically isolated spin triplets, the downturn of the χMT product at lower temperatures being due to zero-field splitting effects (D). Values of D equal to -6.0 (1) and -4.7 cm-1 (2) were obtained through the joint analysis of the magnetic susceptibility data and the field dependence of the magnetization. These results from magnetometry were supported by theoretical calculations. Alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptibility measurements of 1 and 2 in the temperature range 2.0-5.5 K show the occurrence of incipient out-phase signals under applied dc fields, a phenomenon that is characteristic of field-induced Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior, which herein concerns the 2 mononuclear nickel(II) complexes. This slow relaxation of the magnetization in 1 and 2 has its origin in the axial compression of the octahedral surrounding at their nickel(II) ions that leads to negative values of D. A combination of an Orbach and a direct mechanism accounts for the field-dependent relation phenomena in 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ramón Fortea-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Julia Vallejo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Teresa F Mastropietro
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Munno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Renato Rabelo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Joan Cano
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Miguel Julve
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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Photoinduced Processes in Rhenium(I) Terpyridine Complexes Bearing Remote Amine Groups: New Insights from Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217147. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Photophysical properties of two Re(I) complexes [ReCl(CO)3(R-C6H4-terpy-κ2N)] with remote amine groups, N-methyl-piperazinyl (1) and (2-cyanoethyl)methylamine (2), were investigated. The complexes show strong absorption in the visible region corresponding to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) and intraligand-charge-transfer (1ILCT) transitions. The energy levels of 3MLCT and 3ILCT excited-states, and thus photoluminescence properties of 1 and 2, were found to be strongly affected by the solvent polarity. Compared to the parent chromophore [ReCl(CO)3(C6H5-terpy-κ2N)] (3), both designed complexes show significantly prolonged (by 1–2 orders of magnitude) phosphorescence lifetimes in acetonitrile and dimethylformamide, contrary to their lifetimes in less polar chloroform and tetrahydrofuran, which are comparable to those for 3. The femtosecond transient absorption (fsTA) measurements confirmed the interconversion between the 3MLCT and 3ILCT excited-states in polar solvents. In contrast, the emissive state of 1 and 2 in less polar environments is of predominant 3MLCT nature.
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Małecka M, Szlapa-Kula A, Maroń AM, Ledwon P, Siwy M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Sulowska K, Maćkowski S, Erfurt K, Machura B. Impact of the Anthryl Linking Mode on the Photophysics and Excited-State Dynamics of Re(I) Complexes [ReCl(CO) 3(4′-An-terpy-κ 2N)]. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15070-15084. [PMID: 36101987 PMCID: PMC9516691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Rhenium(I) complexes with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines
(terpy) substituted with 9-anthryl (1) and 2-anthryl
(2) were synthesized, and the impact of the anthryl linking
mode on the ground- and excited-state properties of resulting complexes
[ReCl(CO)3(4′-An-terpy-κ2N)] (An—anthryl)
was investigated using a combination of steady-state and time-resolved
optical techniques accompanied by theoretical calculations. Different
attachment positions of anthracene modify the overlap between the
molecular orbitals and thus the electronic coupling of the anthracene
and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores.
Following the femtosecond transient absorption, the lowest triplet
excited state of both complexes was found to be localized on the anthracene
chromophore. The striking difference between 1 and 2 concerns the triplet-state formation dynamics. A more planar
geometry of 2-anthryl-terpy (2), and thus better electronic
communication between the anthracene and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores, facilitates the formation of the 3An triplet state. In steady-state photoluminescence spectra, the
population ratio of 3MLCT and 3An was found
to be dependent not only on the anthryl linking mode but also on solvent
polarity and excitation wavelengths. In dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
compounds 1 and 2 excited with λexc > 410 nm show both 3MLCT and 3An
emissions, which are rarely observed. Additionally, the abilities
of the designed complexes for 1O2 generation
and light emission under the external voltage were preliminary examined. The impact of the anthryl linking mode
on the ground- and
excited-state properties of [ReCl(CO)3(4′-An-terpy-κ2N)] with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines (terpy)
substituted with 9-anthryl (1) and 2-anthryl (2) was thoroughly investigated. Different attachment positions of
anthracene were evidenced to modify the overlap between the molecular
orbitals and electronic coupling of the anthracene and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores and thus the optical
properties of the resulting complexes. The striking difference between 1 and 2 was demonstrated in the triplet-state
formation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Małecka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M. Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Ledwon
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Efficient multicomponent processes for synthesis of novel poly-nuclear hetero aryl substituted terpyridine scaffolds: Single crystal XRD study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Szlapa-Kula A, Małecka M, Maroń AM, Janeczek H, Siwy M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Pedzinski T, Erfurt K, Machura B. In-Depth Studies of Ground- and Excited-State Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes Bearing 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine and 2,6-Bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine Coupled with π-Conjugated Aryl Chromophores. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18726-18738. [PMID: 34847330 PMCID: PMC8693190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the current work, comprehensive photophysical and electrochemical studies were performed for eight rhenium(I) complexes incorporating 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (terpy) and 2,6-bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) with appended 1-naphthyl-, 2-naphthyl-, 9-phenanthrenyl, and 1-pyrenyl groups. Naphthyl and phenanthrenyl substituents marginally affected the energy of the MLCT absorption and emission bands, signaling a weak electronic coupling of the appended aryl group with the Re(I) center. The triplet MLCT state in these complexes is so low lying relative to the triplet 3ILaryl that the thermal population of the triplet excited state delocalized on the organic chromophore is ineffective. The attachment of the electron-rich pyrenyl group resulted in a noticeable red shift and a significant increase in molar absorption coefficients of the lowest energy absorption of the resulting Re(I) complexes due to the contribution of intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) transitions occurring from the pyrenyl substituent to the terpy/dppy core. At 77 K, the excited states of [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-functionalized ligands were found to have predominant 3ILpyrene/3ILCTpyrene→terpy character. The 3IL/3ILCT nature of the lowest energy excited state of [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] was also evidenced by nanosecond transient absorption and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Enhanced room-temperature emission lifetimes of the complexes [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-substituted ligands are indicative of the thermal activation between 3MLCT and 3IL/3ILCT excited states. Deactivation pathways occurring upon light excitation in [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-naphthyl)-terpy-κ2N)] and [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] were determined by femtosecond transient absorption studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Henryk Janeczek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pedzinski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 89b Umultowska, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Morales-Guevara R, Fuentes JA, Paez-Hernández D, Carreño A. The role of substituted pyridine Schiff bases as ancillary ligands in the optical properties of a new series of fac-rhenium(i) tricarbonyl complexes: a theoretical view. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37181-37193. [PMID: 35496390 PMCID: PMC9043815 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05737e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, luminescent Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes have been increasingly proposed as fluorophores suitable for fluorescence microscopy to visualize biological structures and cells. In this sense, incorporating an asymmetrical pyridine Schiff base (PSB) as the ancillary ligand strongly modifies the staining and luminescent properties of Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes. In this work, we analyzed two series of Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes with their respective PSB ligands: (1) fac-[Re(CO)3(2,2'-bpy)(PSB)]1+ and (2) fac-[Re(CO)3(4,4'-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-2,2'-bpy)(PSB)]1+, where the PSB exhibits substitutions at positions 4 or 6 in the phenolic ring with methyl or halogen substituents. Thus, we performed computational relativistic DFT and TDDFT studies to determine their optical properties. The ten complexes analyzed showed absorption in the visible light range. Furthermore, our analyses, including zero-field splitting (ZFS), allowed us to determine that the low-lying excited state locates below the 3LLCT states. Interestingly, seven of the ten analyzed complexes, whose corresponding PSB harbors an intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB), exhibited luminescent emission that could be suitable for biological purposes: large Stokes shift, emission in the range 600-700 nm and τ in the order of 10-2 to 10-3 s. Conversely, the three complexes lacking the IHB due to two halogen substituents in the corresponding PSB showed a predicted emission with the lowest triplet excited state energy entering the NIR region. The main differences in the complexes' photophysical behavior have been explained by the energy gap law and time-resolved luminescence. These results emphasize the importance of choosing suitable substituents at the 4 and 6 positions in the phenolic ring of the PSB, which determine the presence of the IHB since they modulate the luminescence properties of the Re(i) core. Therefore, this study could predict Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes' properties, considering the desired emission features for biological and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaly Morales-Guevara
- Universidad Andres Bello, Programa de Doctorado en Físicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Santiago Chile
- Laboratory of Organometallic Synthesis, Center of Applied NanoSciences (CANS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 330 Santiago Chile
| | - Juan A Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello República 330 Santiago Chile
| | - Dayán Paez-Hernández
- Universidad Andres Bello, Programa de Doctorado en Físicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Santiago Chile
- Laboratory of Organometallic Synthesis, Center of Applied NanoSciences (CANS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 330 Santiago Chile
| | - Alexander Carreño
- Universidad Andres Bello, Programa de Doctorado en Físicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Santiago Chile
- Laboratory of Organometallic Synthesis, Center of Applied NanoSciences (CANS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 330 Santiago Chile
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Poirot A, Vanucci-Bacqué C, Delavaux-Nicot B, Leygue N, Saffon-Merceron N, Alary F, Bedos-Belval F, Benoist E, Fery-Forgues S. Phenyl-pyta-tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes: combining a simplified structure and steric hindrance to modulate the photoluminescence properties. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13686-13698. [PMID: 34523629 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02161c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strongly luminescent tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes are promising candidates in the field of optical materials. In this study, three new complexes bearing a 3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole (pyta) bidentate ligand with an appended phenyl group were obtained in very good yields owing to an optimized synthetic procedure. The first member of this series, i.e. complex 1, was compared with the previously studied complex RePBO to understand the influence of the fluorescent benzoxazole unit grafted on the phenyl ring. Then, to gauge the effect of steric hindrance on the luminescence properties, the phenyl group of complex 1 was substituted in the para position by a bulky tert-butyl group or an adamantyl moiety, affording complexes 2 and 3, respectively. The results of theoretical calculations indicated that these complexes were quite similar from an electronic point of view, as evidenced by the electrochemical study. In dichloromethane solution, under excitation in the UV range, all the complexes emitted weak phosphorescence in the red region. In the solid state, they could be excited in the blue region of the visible spectrum and they emitted strong yellow light. The photoluminescence quantum yield was markedly increased with raising the size of the substituent, passing from 0.42 for 1 to 0.59 for 3. The latter complex also exhibited clear waveguiding properties, unprecedented for rhenium complexes. From this point of view, these easy-synthesized and spectroscopically attractive complexes constitute a new generation of emitters for use in imaging applications and functional materials. However, the comparison with RePBO showed that the presence of the benzoxazole group leads to unsurpassed mechanoresponsive luminescence (MRL) properties, due to the involvement of a unique photophysical mechanism that takes place only in this type of complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Poirot
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Corinne Vanucci-Bacqué
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS (UPR 8241), Université de Toulouse (UPS, INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Nadine Leygue
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Service Diffraction des Rayons X, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, ICT- UAR 2599, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Fabienne Alary
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), CNRS UMR 5626, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Florence Bedos-Belval
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Eric Benoist
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Suzanne Fery-Forgues
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
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11
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Sutton JJ, Preston D, Traber P, Steinmetzer J, Wu X, Kayal S, Sun XZ, Crowley JD, George MW, Kupfer S, Gordon KC. Excited-State Switching in Rhenium(I) Bipyridyl Complexes with Donor-Donor and Donor-Acceptor Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9082-9093. [PMID: 34111929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of two Re(CO)3(bpy)Cl complexes in which the bpy is substituted with two donor (triphenylamine, TPA, ReTPA2) as well as both donor (TPA) and acceptor (benzothiadiazole, BTD, ReTPA-BTD) groups are presented. For ReTPA2 the absorption spectra show intense intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) bands at 460 nm with small solvatochromic behavior; for ReTPA-BTD the ILCT transitions are weaker. These transitions are assigned as TPA → bpy transitions as supported by resonance Raman data and TDDFT calculations. The excited-state spectroscopy shows the presence of two emissive states for both complexes. The intensity of these emission signals is modulated by solvent. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy definitively assigns the excited states present in CH2Cl2 to be MLCT in nature, and in MeCN the excited states are ILCT in nature. DFT calculations indicated this switching with solvent is governed by access to states controlled by spin-orbit coupling, which is sufficiently different in the two solvents, allowing to select out each of the charge-transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Sutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Philipp Traber
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Steinmetzer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Surajit Kayal
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Xue-Z Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Michael W George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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12
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Choroba K, Maroń A, Switlicka A, Szłapa-Kula A, Siwy M, Grzelak J, Maćkowski S, Pedzinski T, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Carbazole effect on ground- and excited-state properties of rhenium(i) carbonyl complexes with extended terpy-like ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3943-3958. [PMID: 33645614 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04340k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The ground- and excited-state properties of three novel complexes [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] bearing 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine and 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine functionalized with 9-carbazole attached to the central pyridine ring of the triimine core via phenylene linkage were investigated by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods and were simulated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT. To get a deeper and broader understanding of structure-property relationships, the designed Re(i) carbonyl complexes were compared with previously reported analogous systems - without any groups attached to the phenyl ring and bearing pyrrolidine instead of 9-carbazole. The results indicated that attachment of the N-carbazolyl substituent to the triimine core has less influence on the nature of the triplet excited state of [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] than the pyrrolidine group. Additionally, the impact of the ligand structural modifications on the light emission of the Re(i) complexes under external voltage was preliminarily examined with electroluminescence spectra of diodes containing the synthesized new molecules in an active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna St., 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
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13
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Auvray T, Del Secco B, Dubreuil A, Zaccheroni N, Hanan GS. In-Depth Study of the Electronic Properties of NIR-Emissive κ 3N Terpyridine Rhenium(I) Dicarbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:70-79. [PMID: 33332962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure-properties relationship in a series of carbonyl rhenium(I) complexes based on substituted terpyridine ligands of general formula [Re(κxN-Rtpy)(CO)yL]n+ is explored by both experimental and theoretical methods. In these compounds, the terpyridine ligands adopt both bidentate (κ2N) and terdentate (κ3N) coordination modes associated with three or two carbonyls, respectively. Conversion from the κ2N to the κ3N coordination mode leads to large changes in the absorption spectra and oxidation potentials due to destabilization of the HOMO level of each complex. The absorption profiles of the κ3N complexes cover the whole visible spectra with lower maxima around 700 nm, tailing out to 800 nm, while no emission is observed with Br- as the axial ligand L. When the axial ligand is modified from the native halide to pyridine or triphenylphosphine, the lowest absorption band is blue-shifted by 60 and 90 nm, respectively. These cationic complexes are near-infrared emitters with emission maxima between 840 and 950 nm for the pyridine compounds and 780-800 nm for the triphenylphosphine compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Auvray
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H2V-0B3
| | - Benedetta Del Secco
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician',Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Amélie Dubreuil
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H2V-0B3
| | - Nelsi Zaccheroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician',Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Garry S Hanan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H2V-0B3
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14
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Fernández-Terán R, Sévery L. Living Long and Prosperous: Productive Intraligand Charge-Transfer States from a Rhenium(I) Terpyridine Photosensitizer with Enhanced Light Absorption. Inorg Chem 2020; 60:1334-1343. [PMID: 32909754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ground- and excited-state properties of six rhenium(I) κ2N-tricarbonyl complexes with 4'-(4-substituted-phenyl)terpyridine ligands bearing substituents of different electron-donating abilities were evaluated. Significant modulation of the electrochemical potentials and a nearly 4-fold variation of the triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) lifetimes were observed upon going from CN to OMe. With the more electron-donating NMe2 group, we observed in the κ2N complex the appearance of a very strong absorption band, red-shifted by ca. 100 nm with respect to the other complexes. This was accompanied by a dramatic enhancement of the excited-state lifetime (380 vs 1.5 ns), and a character change from 3MLCT to intraligand charge transfer (3ILCT), despite the remote location of the substituent. The dynamics and character of the excited states of all complexes were assigned by combining transient IR spectroscopy, IR spectroelectrochemistry, and (time-dependent) density functional theory calculations. Selected complexes were evaluated as photosensitizers for hydrogen production, with the κ2N-NMe2 complex resulting in a stable and efficient photocatalytic system reaching TONRe values of over 2100, representing the first application of the 3ILCT state of a rhenium(I) carbonyl complex in a stable photocatalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Fernández-Terán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich. Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Sévery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich. Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerland
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15
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Stout MJ, Skelton BW, Sobolev AN, Raiteri P, Massi M, Simpson PV. Synthesis and Photochemical Properties of Re(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bound to Thione and Thiazol-2-ylidene Ligands. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Stout
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brian W. Skelton
- School of Molecular Sciences and CMCA, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Sobolev
- School of Molecular Sciences and CMCA, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paolo Raiteri
- Curtin Institute for Computation and School of Life and Molecular Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter V. Simpson
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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16
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Małecka M, Machura B, Świtlicka A, Kotowicz S, Szafraniec-Gorol G, Siwy M, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Schab-Balcerzak E. Towards better understanding of photophysical properties of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes with terpy-like ligands. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 231:118124. [PMID: 32062513 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Series of Re(I) carbonyls complexes were designed and synthesized to explore the impact of the triimine skeleton and number of methoxy groups attached to aryl substituents on their optoelectronic and thermal properties. The chemical structures of the prepared complexes were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, HR-MS, elemental anlsysis, and X-ray measurements. DSC measuremtns showed that they melted in the range of 198-325 °C. Some of them form stable molecular glasses with high glass transition temperatures (158-173 °C). Experimentally obtained optical properties were supported by DFT calculations. The UV-Vis spectra display a series of overlapping absorption bands in the range 200-350 nm, and much weaker broad band in the visible spectral region, due to intraligand and charge transfer transitions, respectively. All synthesized complexes were emissive in solution and in solid state as powder. Moreover, when applied in diodes, some of them exhibited ability for emission of light under external voltage with maximum of electroluminescence band located at 591-630 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Małecka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Anna Świtlicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40006 Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40006 Katowice, Poland; Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
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17
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Paolino M, Reale A, Razzano V, Giorgi G, Giuliani G, Villafiorita-Monteleone F, Botta C, Coppola C, Sinicropi A, Cappelli A. Design, synthesis, structure, and photophysical features of highly emissive cinnamic derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New cinnamic derivatives 1a–c were designed starting from the chromophores working in polybenzofulvene derivatives poly-6-DMFL-BF3k, poly-6-MCBZ-BF3k, and poly-6-TPA-BF3k endowed with outstanding optoelectronic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paolino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Annalisa Reale
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Vincenzo Razzano
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Germano Giuliani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | | | - Chiara Botta
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta” – SCITEC (CNR), Via A. Corti 12
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Carmen Coppola
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)
- 50019 Firenze
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)
- 50019 Firenze
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018–2022)
- Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
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18
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Wang J, Poirot A, Delavaux-Nicot B, Wolff M, Mallet-Ladeira S, Calupitan JP, Allain C, Benoist E, Fery-Forgues S. Optimization of aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement in mononuclear tricarbonyl rhenium(i) complexes: the influence of steric hindrance and isomerism. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15906-15916. [PMID: 31441474 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the remarkable performance of a mononuclear tricarbonyl rhenium(i) complex (ReL1) that exhibits rare aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement (AIPE) behavior, two new complexes (ReL3 and ReL4) were prepared and investigated. They incorporate a 2-pyridyl-1,2,4-triazole (pyta) ligand connected to a 2-phenylbenzoxazole (PBO) moiety. Complex ReL3 differs from ReL1 by the presence of a bulky tert-butyl substituent, and ReL4 is an isomer where the PBO group is linked to the pyta ligand by its phenyl group. Theoretical calculations were in congruence with electrochemical and spectroscopic properties in solutions. Both new compounds exhibited strong AIPE and much better solid-state emission efficiency than ReL1, with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 55% for ReL4. Crystallographic data indicate that this increase in emission efficiency is due to optimum packing that prevents quenching. This work shows that minor structural changes may have major effects upon the solid-state spectroscopic properties and it provides a rational basis for accessing AIPE-active strongly emissive rhenium(i) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France. and Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Alexandre Poirot
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France and LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mariusz Wolff
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Crystallography, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna St., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Service commun RX, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, ICT- FR2599, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Jan Patrick Calupitan
- Laboratoire PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-91230 Cachan, France
| | - Clémence Allain
- Laboratoire PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS Paris-Saclay, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-91230 Cachan, France
| | - Eric Benoist
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Suzanne Fery-Forgues
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
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19
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Klemens T, Świtlicka A, Szlapa-Kula A, Łapok Ł, Obłoza M, Siwy M, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Libera M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Tuning Optical Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes by Modifying Push–Pull Ligands Structure. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Klemens
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Świtlicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łapok
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Obłoza
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Marcin Libera
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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20
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Lang P, Pfrunder M, Quach G, Braun‐Cula B, Moore EG, Schwalbe M. Sensitized Photochemical CO
2
Reduction by Hetero‐Pacman Compounds Linking a Re
I
Tricarbonyl with a Porphyrin Unit. Chemistry 2019; 25:4509-4519. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lang
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-St. 2 Berlin 12489 Germany
| | - Michael Pfrunder
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus, Building 68 4072 Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Gina Quach
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus, Building 68 4072 Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Beatrice Braun‐Cula
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-St. 2 Berlin 12489 Germany
| | - Evan G. Moore
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus, Building 68 4072 Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Matthias Schwalbe
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-St. 2 Berlin 12489 Germany
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21
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Zhao YF, Wang BC, Hu HM, Yang XL, Zheng LN, Xue G. Three interpenetrating coordination polymers with 3D honeycomb networks derived from versatile ligand: 4'-(4-pyridyl)-4,2':6′,4″-terpyridine. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Klemens T, Świtlicka A, Szlapa-Kula A, Krompiec S, Lodowski P, Chrobok A, Godlewska M, Kotowicz S, Siwy M, Bednarczyk K, Libera M, Maćkowski S, Pędziński T, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Experimental and computational exploration of photophysical and electroluminescent properties of modified 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine, 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine and 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine ligands and their Re(I) complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Klemens
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Anna Świtlicka
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Stanisław Krompiec
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Piotr Lodowski
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Anna Chrobok
- Faculty of Chemistry; Silesian University of Technology; 9 Strzody Str. 44-100 Gliwice Poland
| | - Magdalena Godlewska
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52, PO Box 58 01-224 Warszawa Poland
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Polish Academy of Sciences; 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 41-819 Zabrze Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bednarczyk
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Marcin Libera
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University; 5 Grudziądzka Str. 87-100 Torun Poland
| | - Tomasz Pędziński
- Faculty of Chemistry; Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; 89b Umultowska 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Polish Academy of Sciences; 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 41-819 Zabrze Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
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23
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Auvray T, Santoni MP, Hasenknopf B, Hanan GS. Covalent hybrids based on Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes and polypyridine-functionalized polyoxometalate: synthesis, characterization and electronic properties. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:10029-10036. [PMID: 28730194 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01674c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of [Re(CO)3Br(N^N)] (N^N = substituted 2,2'-bipyridine ligand) complexes based on polypyridine-functionalized Dawson polyoxometalate (1-3) has been synthesized. The new hybrids (4-6) were characterized by various analytical techniques, including absorption, vibrational and luminescence spectroscopies as well as electrochemistry. Both units, the polyoxometalate and the transition metal complex, retain their intrinsic properties. Their combination in the newly prepared hybrids results in improved photosensitization in the high-energy visible region. However, a complete quenching of the emission for the [Re(CO)3Br(N^N)] complexes is observed due to formation of a charge separated state, Re(ii) - POM-, as shown by quenching experiments as well as theoretical modelling via DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Auvray
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3T-1J4.
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24
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Wang J, Delavaux-Nicot B, Wolff M, Mallet-Ladeira S, Métivier R, Benoist E, Fery-Forgues S. The unsuspected influence of the pyridyl-triazole ligand isomerism upon the electronic properties of tricarbonyl rhenium complexes: an experimental and theoretical insight. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8087-8099. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
How can the intimate nature of the triazole moiety govern the geometry and luminescence properties of a rhenium complex?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- SPCMIB
- CNRS UMR5068
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse cedex 9
- France
| | - Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- CNRS UPR 8241
- 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
- Université de Toulouse UPS
| | - Mariusz Wolff
- Institute of Chemistry
- Department of Crystallography
- University of Silesia
- 40-006 Katowice
- Poland
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Service commun RX
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse
- ICT- FR2599
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse cedex 9
| | - Rémi Métivier
- PPSM
- ENS Cachan
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 94235 Cachan
| | - Eric Benoist
- SPCMIB
- CNRS UMR5068
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse cedex 9
- France
| | - Suzanne Fery-Forgues
- SPCMIB
- CNRS UMR5068
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse cedex 9
- France
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25
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More hydra than Janus – Non-classical coordination modes in complexes of oligopyridine ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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Klemens T, Czerwińska K, Szlapa-Kula A, Kula S, Świtlicka A, Kotowicz S, Siwy M, Bednarczyk K, Krompiec S, Smolarek K, Maćkowski S, Danikiewicz W, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Synthesis, spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational studies of rhenium(i) tricarbonyl complexes based on bidentate-coordinated 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine derivatives. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:9605-9620. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01948c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The impact of structure modification of the 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine based ligand was investigated.
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