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Jain A, De S, Barman P. Microwave-assisted synthesis and notable applications of Schiff-base and metal complexes: a comparative study. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Syed Annuar SN, Kamaludin NF, Awang N, Chan KM. Cellular Basis of Organotin(IV) Derivatives as Anticancer Metallodrugs: A Review. Front Chem 2021; 9:657599. [PMID: 34368075 PMCID: PMC8342812 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.657599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Organotin(IV) compounds have wide applications in industrial and agricultural fields owing to their ability to act as poly(vinyl chloride) stabilizers and catalytic agents as well as their medicinal properties. Moreover, organotin(IV) compounds may have applications as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, or antimicrobial agents based on the observation of synergistic effects following the binding of their respective ligands, resulting in the enhancement of their biological activities. In this review, we describe the antiproliferative activities of organotin(IV) compounds in various human cancer cell lines based on different types of ligands. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms through which organotin(IV) compounds induce cell death via apoptosis through the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. Finally, we present the mechanisms of cell cycle arrest induced by organotin(IV) compounds. Our report provides a basis for studies of the antitumor activities of organotin(IV) compounds and highlights the potential applications of these compounds as anticancer metallodrugs with low toxicity and few side effects.
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A Surface Morphological Study, Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Photo-Stabilizers Utilizing Ibuprofen Tin Complexes against Ultraviolet Radiation. SURFACES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces3040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three Ibuprofen tin complexes were synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H and 119Sn-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopies to identify the structures. The complexes were mixed separately with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to improve its photo-stability properties. Their activity was demonstrated by several approaches of the FTIR to exhibit the formation of new groups within the polymer structure due to the exposure to UV light. Moreover, the polymer’s weight loss during irradiation and the average molecular weight estimation using its viscosity before and after irradiation were investigated. Furthermore, different techniques were used to study the surface morphology of the PVC before and after irradiation. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and optical microscope demonstrated that applying Ibuprofen tin complexes keeps the surface of PVC smoother, with fewer cracks and spots after irradiation comparing to the blank PVC. Finally, It seems possible that such synthesized Ibuprofen tin complexes can work as excellent photo-stabilizers of PVC. In particular, complex 1 showed the best results among other stabilizers due to the large conjugation system of the stabilizer.
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Engel A, Dewald H, Reuter A, Klippstein J, Dehnen S. Protolysis of Amino Acid‐Functionalized Tin Sulfide Clusters. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annikka Engel
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Hendrik Dewald
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Anna Reuter
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Josefin Klippstein
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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Do TH, Brown SN. Synthesis, dynamics and redox properties of eight-coordinate zirconium catecholate complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:11648-11656. [PMID: 32785310 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02487b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the 9,9-dimethylxanthene-bis(imine)-bis(catechol) ligand XbicH4 with half an equivalent of Zr(acac)4 affords the neutral tetracatecholate complex (XbicH2)2Zr, containing four iminium ions hydrogen bonded to the catecholates. The heteroleptic bis(catecholate)-tetraphenylporphyrin complex (TPP)Zr(XbicH2) is formed from reaction of (TPP)Zr(OAc)2 with XbicH4 in the presence of base. Both compounds adopt an eight-coordinate square antiprismatic geometry around the zirconium center. NMR spectra of (TPP)Zr(XbicH2) show that it is fluxional at room temperature, with homoleptic (XbicH2)2Zr showing fluxionality at higher temperatures. Calculations and kinetic isotope effect measurements suggest that the motions involve dissociation of a single catecholate oxygen and subsequent twisting of the seven-coordinate species. The compounds show reversible one-electron oxidations of each of the bound catecholates to bound semiquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA.
| | - Seth N Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA.
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Hazra S, Mohanta S. Metal–tin derivatives of compartmental Schiff Bases: Synthesis, structure and application. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Piskunov AV, Trofimova OY, Maleeva AV, Cherkasov AV. Template Synthesis of Tin(IV) Complexes with Tridentate Iminopyridine Ligands. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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El-Hiti GA, Alotaibi MH, Ahmed AA, Hamad BA, Ahmed DS, Ahmed A, Hashim H, Yousif E. The Morphology and Performance of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Containing Melamine Schiff Bases against Ultraviolet Light. Molecules 2019; 24:E803. [PMID: 30813367 PMCID: PMC6413115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five Schiff bases derived from melamine have been used as efficient additives to reduce the process of photodegradation of poly(vinyl chloride) films. The performance of Schiff bases has been investigated using various techniques. Poly(vinyl chloride) films containing Schiff bases were irradiated with ultraviolet light and any changes in their infrared spectra, weight, and the viscosity of their average molecular weight were investigated. In addition, the surface morphology of the films was inspected using a light microscope, atomic force microscopy, and a scanning electron micrograph. The additives enhanced the films resistance against irradiation and the polymeric surface was much smoother in the presence of the Schiff bases compared with the blank film. Schiff bases containing an ortho-hydroxyl group on the aryl rings showed the greatest photostabilization effect, which may possibly have been due to the direct absorption of ultraviolet light. This phenomenon seems to involve the transfer of a proton as well as several intersystem crossing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A El-Hiti
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi
- National Center for Petrochemicals Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Basheer A Hamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Dina S Ahmed
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed Ahmed
- Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq.
| | - Hassan Hashim
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
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Syntheses, Structures, and Catalytic Hydrocarbon Oxidation Properties of N-Heterocycle-Sulfonated Schiff Base Copper(II) Complexes. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reaction of the o-[(o-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]benzenesulfonic acid (H2L) (1) with CuCl2·2H2O in the presence of pyridine (py) leads to [Cu(L)(py)(EtOH)] (2) which, upon further reaction with 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy), pyrazine (pyr), or piperazine (pip), forms [Cu(L)(bipy)]·MeOH (3), [Cu2(L)2(μ-pyr)(MeOH)2] (4), or [Cu2(L)2(μ-pip)(MeOH)2] (5), respectively. The Schiff base (1) and the metal complexes (2–5) are stabilized by a number of non-covalent interactions to form interesting H-bonded multidimensional polymeric networks (except 3), such as zigzag 1D chain (in 1), linear 1D chain (in 2), hacksaw double chain 1D (in 4) and 2D motifs (in 5). These copper(II) complexes (2–5) catalyze the peroxidative oxidation of cyclic hydrocarbons (cyclooctane, cyclohexane, and cyclohexene) to the corresponding products (alcohol and ketone from alkane; alcohols, ketone, and epoxide from alkene), under mild conditions. For the oxidation of cyclooctane with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant, used as a model reaction, the best yields were generally achieved for complex 3 in the absence of any promoter (20%) or in the presence of py or HNO3 (26% or 30%, respectively), whereas 2 displayed the highest catalytic activity in the presence of HNO3 (35%). While the catalytic reactions were significantly faster with py, the best product yields were achieved with the acidic additive.
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Hazra S, Martins NM, Mahmudov K, Zubkov FI, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJ. A tetranuclear diphenyltin(IV) complex and its catalytic activity in the aerobic Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shaalan N, Laftah N, El-Hiti GA, Alotaibi MH, Muslih R, Ahmed DS, Yousif E. Poly(vinyl Chloride) Photostabilization in the Presence of Schiff Bases Containing a Thiadiazole Moiety. Molecules 2018; 23:E913. [PMID: 29662039 PMCID: PMC6017410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five Schiff bases containing a thiadiazole moiety have been used as poly(vinyl chloride) photostabilizers at low concentrations. The efficiency of Schiff bases as photostabilizers was investigated using various techniques, for example, the changes in poly(vinyl chloride) infrared spectra, molecular weight, chain scission quantum yield, and surface morphology were monitored upon irradiation with an ultraviolet light. Evidently, all the additives used inhibited poly(vinyl chloride) photodegradation at a significant level. The most efficient Schiff base exhibited a high level of aromaticity and contained a hydroxyl group. It seems possible that such photostabilization could be due to the direct absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the additives. In addition, Schiff bases could act as radical scavengers and proton transfer facilitators to stabilize the polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Shaalan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
| | - Nawres Laftah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
| | - Gamal A El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi
- Center of Excellence in Integrated Nano-Systems, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Raad Muslih
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
| | - Dina S Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit 34001, Iraq.
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
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Loukopoulos E, Kostakis GE. Review: Recent advances of one-dimensional coordination polymers as catalysts. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1439163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Loukopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - George E. Kostakis
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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13
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Hazra S, Martins NMR, Kuznetsov ML, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Flexibility and lability of a phenyl ligand in hetero-organometallic 3d metal-Sn(iv) compounds and their catalytic activity in Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:13364-13375. [PMID: 28829081 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02534c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The single compartmental Schiff base N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylaldimine) (H2L) and [SnPh2Cl2] were utilized to synthesize heterobimetallic 3d metal-Sn complexes, the CoIIISnIV compound [{SnPhCl2}(1κO2N2,2κO2-μ-L)(μ-OMe){CoPh}] (1), the NiIISnIV compound [{SnPh2Cl2}(1κO2N2,2κO2-μ-L)Ni] (2) and the CuIISnIV compound [{SnPh2Cl2}(1κO2N2,2κO2-μ-L)Cu] (3). Attempting to prepare the ethoxido bridged compound analogous to 1 (in ethanol) gives the phenylcobalt(iii) complex [Co(κO2N2)Ph(H2O)] (1A). Single crystal X-ray structure analyses reveal that 1 is derived from an intermetallic (Sn to Co) phenyl shift and that 1A is a transmetallated product; in compounds 2 and 3, the phenyl groups remain coordinated to SnIV but one of the π rings interacts with the 3d-metal. Thus, while systems 1 and 1A show the lability of the phenyl ligand, 2 and 3 reveal its flexible nature. Theoretical DFT calculations demonstrate that the conceivable Ph group shift occurs in the oxidized CoIII intermediate [{SnIVPh2Cl2}(κO2N2-μ-L){CoIII(MeO)}] (5) rather than in the corresponding CoII species [{SnIVPh2Cl2}(κO2N2-μ-L){CoII(MeOH)}] (4). Their catalytic studies in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone into ε-caprolactone with two different oxidants reveal that the sacrificial aldehyde method (with dioxygen/benzaldehyde) is better than that with aqueous H2O2 (30%). The effects of various reaction parameters such as solvent, catalyst amount, temperature, time and heating method were studied allowing the achievement of yields up to 83% with 89% selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Hazra
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Ghazi D, El-Hiti GA, Yousif E, Ahmed DS, Alotaibi MH. The Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(vinyl Chloride) Films Containing Organotin(IV) Complexes as Photostabilizers. Molecules 2018; 23:E254. [PMID: 29382088 PMCID: PMC6017697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three organotin(IV) complexes containing ciprofloxacin as a ligand (Ph₃SnL, Me₂SnL₂ and Bu₂SnL₂; 0.5% by weight) were used as additives to inhibit the photodegradation of polyvinyl chloride films (40 µm thickness) upon irradiation with ultraviolet light (λmax = 313 at a light intensity = 7.75 × 10-7 ein dm-3 S-1) at room temperature. The efficiency of organotin(IV) complexes as photostabilizers was determined by monitoring the changes in the weight, growth of specific functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl and carbene), viscosity, average molecular weight, chain scission and degree of deterioration of the polymeric films upon irradiation. The results obtained indicated that organotin(IV) complexes stabilized poly(vinyl chloride) and the dimethyltin(IV) complex was the most efficient additive. The surface morphologies of poly(vinyl chloride) films containing organotin(IV) complexes were examined using an atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscopy. These showed that the surface of polymeric films containing organotin(IV) complexes were smoother and less rough, compared to the surface of the blank films. Some mechanisms that explained the role of organotin(IV) complexes in poly(vinyl chloride) photostabilization process were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa Ghazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Gamal A El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Dina S Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit 34001, Iraq.
| | - Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi
- Center of Excellence in Integrated Nano-Systems, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
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Karmakar A, Hazra S, Rúbio GMDM, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Packing polymorphism in 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylate based tin(ii) complexes and their catalytic activity towards cyanosilylation of aldehydes. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
3-Amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid is used to synthesize two new mononuclear interconvertible packing polymorphs of tin(ii) which act as heterogeneous catalysts for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes with trimethylsilyl cyanide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Karmakar
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Av. Rovisco Pais
- Lisbon
| | - Susanta Hazra
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Av. Rovisco Pais
- Lisbon
| | - Guilherme M. D. M. Rúbio
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Av. Rovisco Pais
- Lisbon
| | | | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Av. Rovisco Pais
- Lisbon
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Vinayak R, Dey D, Ghosh D, Chattopadhyay D, Ghosh A, Nayek HP. Schiff base supported mononuclear organotin(IV) complexes: Syntheses, structures and fluorescence cell imaging. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Vinayak
- Department of Applied ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad‐826004 Jharkhand India
| | - Dhritiman Dey
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Calcutta Kolkata‐700019 West Bengal India
| | - Dipanjan Ghosh
- NIPER Kolkata CSIR IICB Campus, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay
- Amity University Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Rajarhat, Newtown Kolkata West Bengal 700156 India
| | - Abhrajyoti Ghosh
- Department of BiochemistryBose Institute Kolkata‐700054 West Bengal India
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- Department of Applied ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad‐826004 Jharkhand India
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Paul A, Hazra S, Sharma G, Guedes da Silva MFC, Koch B, Pombeiro AJL. Unfolding biological properties of a versatile dicopper(II) precursor and its two mononuclear copper(II) derivatives. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 174:25-36. [PMID: 28599129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, inter-conversions and biological study of the dichloro bridged dicopper(II) compound [CuLCl]2 (1) and its two mononuclear derivatives [CuLCl(H2O)]·H2O (2) and [CuLCl(py)] (3) (HL=2-(2-pyridylmethyleneamino)benzenesulfonic acid) are described. The dimeric compound 1 collapses into monomers 2 and 3 in the presence of coordinating solvents, water and pyridine, respectively, and 1 is regenerated upon simple stirring of 2 or 3 in methanol. The reactions of 1 with neutral (present study) and charged (earlier studies) ligands result in monomeric and multimeric compounds, respectively, attesting that it is a versatile dicopper(II) precursor. The anticancer activity of these copper complexes (1-3) was screened against lung (A-549) and breast (MDA-MB-231) human cancer cell lines. The IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value for one (3) of the compounds suggests preferential cytotoxicity against breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line. Furthermore, the IC50 value obtained for complex 3 is found to be almost two-fold times cytotoxic than the standard drug cisplatin. In addition, the underlying possible mechanism of its apoptosis-inducing efficacy in MDA-MB-231 cells has been rationalized by using flow cytometry (FACS) and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence staining. The stimulation of apoptotic induction for complex 3 has further been affirmed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial aggregations studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Paul
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susanta Hazra
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - M Fátima C Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Biplob Koch
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
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