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Juković M, Ratkaj I, Kalafatovic D, Bradshaw NJ. Amyloids, amorphous aggregates and assemblies of peptides - Assessing aggregation. Biophys Chem 2024; 308:107202. [PMID: 38382283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid and amorphous aggregates represent the two major categories of aggregates associated with diseases, and although exhibiting distinct features, researchers often treat them as equivalent, which demonstrates the need for more thorough characterization. Here, we compare amyloid and amorphous aggregates based on their biochemical properties, kinetics, and morphological features. To further decipher this issue, we propose the use of peptide self-assemblies as minimalistic models for understanding the aggregation process. Peptide building blocks are significantly smaller than proteins that participate in aggregation, however, they make a plausible means to bridge the gap in discerning the aggregation process at the more complex, protein level. Additionally, we explore the potential use of peptide-inspired models to research the liquid-liquid phase separation as a feasible mechanism preceding amyloid formation. Connecting these concepts can help clarify our understanding of aggregation-related disorders and potentially provide novel drug targets to impede and reverse these serious illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Juković
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Ratkaj
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Daniela Kalafatovic
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Nicholas J Bradshaw
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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2
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Dayani L, Aliomrani M, Hashempour H, Varshosaz J, Sadeghi Dinani M, Taheri A. Cyclotide Nanotubes as a Novel Potential Drug-Delivery System: Characterization and Biocompatibility. Int J Pharm 2023:123104. [PMID: 37277089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclotides are a class of cyclic peptides that can be self-assembled. This study aimed to discover the properties of cyclotide nanotubes. We performed differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) to characterize their properties. Then, we incorporated the coumarin as a probe and identified the morphology of nanostructures. The stability of cyclotide nanotubes after 3 months of keeping at -20 °C was determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The cytocompatibility of cyclotide nanotubes was evaluated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In vivo, studies were also conducted on female C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneally administration of nanotubes at 5, 50, and 100 mg/kg doses. Blood sampling was done before and 24 h after nanotube administration and complete blood count tests were conducted. DSC thermogram showed that the cyclotide nanotubes were stable after heating until 200 °C. Fluorescence microscopy images proved that the self-assembled structures of cyclotide can encapsulate the coumarin. FESEM proved that these nanotubes were stable even after 3 months. The results of the cytotoxicity assay and in-vivo study confirmed that these novel prepared nanotubes were biocompatible. These results suggested that the cyclotide nanotubes could be considered as a new carrier in biological fields while they are biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Dayani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Aliomrani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Hashempour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Masoud Sadeghi Dinani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, Isfahan University of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Azade Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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3
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Aqueous Self-assembly of Extracted Cyclotides from Viola odorata into Novel Stable Supramolecular Structures. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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4
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Fasola E, Alboreggia G, Pieraccini S, Oliva F, Agharbaoui FE, Bollati M, Bertoni G, Recchia S, Marelli M, Piarulli U, Pellegrino S, Gazzola S. Conformational switch and multiple supramolecular structures of a newly identified self-assembling protein-mimetic peptide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa YeaZ protein. Front Chem 2022; 10:1038796. [PMID: 36583150 PMCID: PMC9792601 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1038796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-mimetic peptides (PMPs) are shorter sequences of self-assembling proteins, that represent remarkable building blocks for the generation of bioinspired functional supramolecular structures with multiple applications. The identification of novel aminoacidic sequences that permit the access to valuable biocompatible materials is an attractive area of research. In this work, in silico analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa YeaZ protein (PaYeaZ) led to the identification of a tetradecapeptide that represents the shortest sequence responsible for the YeaZ-YeaZ dimer formation. Based on its sequence, an innovative 20-meric peptide, called PMP-2, was designed, synthesized, and characterized in terms of secondary structure and self-assembly properties. PMP-2 conserves a helical character and self-assembles into helical nanofibers in non-polar solvents (DMSO and trifluoroethanol), as well as in dilute (0.5 mM) aqueous solutions. In contrast, at higher concentrations (>2 mM) in water, a conformational transition from α-helix to β-sheet occurs, which is accompanied by the Protein-mimetic peptide aggregation into 2D-sheets and formation supramolecular gel in aqueous environment. Our findings reveal a newly identified Protein-mimetic peptide that could turn as a promising candidate for future material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elettra Fasola
- Science and High Technology Department, University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | - Giulia Alboreggia
- Science and High Technology Department, University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Michela Bollati
- CNR and Department of Biosciences, Institute of Biophysics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Recchia
- Science and High Technology Department, University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | - Marcello Marelli
- CNR-SCITEC—Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Piarulli
- Science and High Technology Department, University of Insubria, Como, Italy,*Correspondence: Umberto Piarulli, ; Silvia Gazzola,
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzola
- Science and High Technology Department, University of Insubria, Como, Italy,*Correspondence: Umberto Piarulli, ; Silvia Gazzola,
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New Fmoc-Amino Acids/Peptides-Based Supramolecular Gels Obtained through Co-Assembly Process: Preparation and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163354. [PMID: 36015611 PMCID: PMC9415181 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the methods of obtaining supramolecular gels consists of the possibility of self-assembly of low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). However, LMWG-based gels are often difficult to handle, easy to destroy and have poor rheological performance. In order to improve the gels’ properties, the LMWGs molecules are co-assembled, which induces more cross-links with more stable structures. Starting from these aspects, the present study refers to the preparation of a bionic hydrogel stabilized with a physiologically occurring, bifunctional biomolecule, L-lysine, co-assembled with other amino acids or peptides (such as a modified amino acid (Fmoc-serine or Fmoc-glutamic acid) or a tripeptide (Fmoc-Gly-Gly-Gly)) with the potential to support the repair of injuries or the age-related impaired structures or functions of living tissues. The introduction of a copartner aims to improve hydrogel characteristics from a morphological, rheological and structural point of view. On the other hand, the process will allow the understanding of the phenomenon of specific self-association and molecular recognition. Various characterization techniques were used to assess the ability to co-assemble: DLS, FT-IR, SEM and fluorescence microscopy, rheology and thermal analysis. Studies have confirmed that the supramolecular structure occurs through the formation of inter- and intramolecular physical bonds that ensure the formation of fibrils organized into 3D networks. The rheological data, namely the G′ > G″ and tan δ approximately 0.1−0.2 gel-like behavior observed for all studied samples, demonstrate and sustain the appearance of the co-assembly processes and the ability of the samples to act as LMWG. From the studied systems, the Fmoc−Lys−Fmoc_ Fmoc−Glu sample presented the best rheological characteristics that are consistent with the observations that resulted from the dichroism, fluorescence and SEM investigations.
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Bucci R, Georgilis E, Bittner AM, Gelmi ML, Clerici F. Peptide-Based Electrospun Fibers: Current Status and Emerging Developments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1262. [PMID: 34065019 PMCID: PMC8151459 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a well-known, straightforward, and versatile technique, widely used for the preparation of fibers by electrifying a polymer solution. However, a high molecular weight is not essential for obtaining uniform electrospun fibers; in fact, the primary criterion to succeed is the presence of sufficient intermolecular interactions, which function similar to chain entanglements. Some small molecules able to self-assemble have been electrospun from solution into fibers and, among them, peptides containing both natural and non-natural amino acids are of particular relevance. Nowadays, the use of peptides for this purpose is at an early stage, but it is gaining more and more interest, and we are now witnessing the transition from basic research towards applications. Considering the novelty in the relevant processing, the aim of this review is to analyze the state of the art from the early 2000s on. Moreover, advantages and drawbacks in using peptides as the main or sole component for generating electrospun nanofibers will be discussed. Characterization techniques that are specifically targeted to the produced peptide fibers are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Evangelos Georgilis
- CIC nanoGUNE, (BRTA) Tolosa Hiribidea 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (E.G.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Alexander M. Bittner
- CIC nanoGUNE, (BRTA) Tolosa Hiribidea 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (E.G.); (A.M.B.)
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Pl. Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria L. Gelmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (F.C.)
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Bucci R, Vaghi F, Erba E, Romanelli A, Gelmi ML, Clerici F. Peptide grafting strategies before and after electrospinning of nanofibers. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:82-100. [PMID: 33326882 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiber films produced by electrospinning currently provide a promising platform for different applications. Although nonfunctionalized nanofiber films from natural or synthetic polymers are extensively used, electrospun materials combined with peptides are gaining more interest. In fact, the selection of specific peptides improves the performance of the material for biological applications and mainly for tissue engineering, mostly by maintaining similar mechanical properties with respect to the simple polymer. The main drawback in using peptides blended with a polymer is the quick release of the peptides. To avoid this problem, covalent linking of the peptide is more beneficial. Here, we reviewed synthetic protocols that enable covalent grafting of peptides to polymers before or after the electrospinning procedures to obtain more robust electrospun materials. Applications and the performance of the new material compared to that of the starting polymer are discussed.
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Bucci R, Bossi A, Erba E, Vaghi F, Saha A, Yuran S, Maggioni D, Gelmi ML, Reches M, Pellegrino S. Nucleobase morpholino β amino acids as molecular chimeras for the preparation of photoluminescent materials from ribonucleosides. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19331. [PMID: 33168883 PMCID: PMC7652887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired smart materials represent a tremendously growing research field and the obtainment of new building blocks is at the molecular basis of this technology progress. In this work, colloidal materials have been prepared in few steps starting from ribonucleosides. Nucleobase morpholino β-amino acids are the chimera key intermediates allowing Phe-Phe dipeptides' functionalization with adenine and thymine. The obtained compounds self-aggregate showing enhanced photoluminescent features, such as deep blue fluorescence and phosphorescence emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- DISFARM-Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale E Organica "A. Marchesini", Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Bossi
- Istituto Di Scienze E Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" del Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-SCITEC), via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
- SmartMatLab Center, via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Erba
- DISFARM-Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale E Organica "A. Marchesini", Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaghi
- DISFARM-Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale E Organica "A. Marchesini", Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Abhijit Saha
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sivan Yuran
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniela Maggioni
- SmartMatLab Center, via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Chimica, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISFARM-Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale E Organica "A. Marchesini", Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Meital Reches
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISFARM-Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale E Organica "A. Marchesini", Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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9
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Locarno S, Argentiere S, Ruffoni A, Maggioni D, Soave R, Bucci R, Erba E, Lenardi C, Gelmi ML, Clerici F. Self-assembled hydrophobic Ala-Aib peptide encapsulating curcumin: a convenient system for water insoluble drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9964-9975. [PMID: 35498617 PMCID: PMC9050355 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of self-assembled systems to improve the solubility of drugs is getting more and more attention. Among the different types of self-assembled biomaterials, peptides and in particular peptides containing non-coded amino acids (NCAPs) are promising because their use opens the door to more stable materials inducing increased stability to proteolysis. New classes of NCAP, Ac-Ala-X-Ala-Aib-AlaCONH2 (X = alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) or X = cyclopentane amino acid (Ac5c)) have been prepared and the correlation between the different secondary peptide structure and solvent (i.e. CD3CN, CD3OH, H2O/D2O) verified by NMR. Furthermore, the formation of a nanocolloidal system in water was deeply studied by DLS and the morphology of the obtained spherical aggregates with nanometric dimensions was assessed by TEM. Aib containing pentapeptide was selected for greater ease of synthesis. Its ability to encapsulate curcumin, as a model insoluble drug molecule, was investigated using fluorescence emission and confocal microscopy analyses. Two different approaches were used to study the interaction between curcumin and peptide aggregates. In the first approach peptide aggregates were formed in the presence of curcumin, while in the second approach curcumin was added to the already formed peptide aggregates. We succeeded in our challenge by using the second approach and 53.8% of added curcumin had been encapsulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Locarno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Simona Argentiere
- CIMAINA, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Department of Physics Via Celoria 16 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Daniela Maggioni
- Department of Chemistry, Università Degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Raffaella Soave
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "Giulio Natta", Italian National Research Council, CNR-SCITEC Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Raffaella Bucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Emanuela Erba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- CIMAINA, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Department of Physics Via Celoria 16 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
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Poly(1,6-heptadiyne)/ABS functionalized microfibers for hydrophobic applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Archirel P, Houée-Lévin C, Marignier JL. Radiolytic Oxidation of Two Inverse Dipeptides, Methionine-Valine and Valine-Methionine: A Joint Experimental and Computational Study. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:9087-9097. [PMID: 31577444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The two inverse peptides methionine-valine (Met-Val) and valine-methionine (Val-Met) are investigated in an oxidative radiolysis process in water. The OH radical yields products with very different absorption spectra and concentration effects: Met-Val yields one main product with a band at about 400 nm and other products at higher energies; there is no concentration effect. Val-Met yields at least three products, with a striking concentration effect. Molecular simulations are performed with a combination of the Monte Carlo, density functional theory, and reaction field methods. The simulation of the possible transients enables an interpretation of the radiolysis: (1) Met-Val undergoes an H atom uptake leaving mainly a neutral radical with a 2-center-3-electron (2c-3e) SN bond, which cannot dimerize. Other radicals are present at higher energies. (2) Val-Met undergoes mainly an electron uptake leaving a cation monomer with a (2c-3e) SO bond and a cation dimer with a (2c-3e) SS bond. At higher energies, neutral radicals are possible. This cation monomer can transfer a proton toward a neutral peptide, leaving a neutral radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Archirel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F91405 Orsay , France
| | - Chantal Houée-Lévin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F91405 Orsay , France
| | - Jean-Louis Marignier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F91405 Orsay , France
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Locarno S, Eleta-Lopez A, Lupo MG, Gelmi ML, Clerici F, Bittner AM. Electrospinning of pyrazole-isothiazole derivatives: nanofibers from small molecules. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20565-20572. [PMID: 35515570 PMCID: PMC9065743 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02486g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the electrospinning of small molecules, specifically designed peptide derivatives of the pyrazole-isothiazole scaffold. Such non-natural peptides enhance the spectrum of fundamental materials used for electrospinning. Unlike standard electrospun materials, our peptides are not polymeric, but able to aggregate in solution and especially during processing. They contain donor/acceptor groups that can form hydrogen bonds, and groups that are able to generate π-stacking interactions, which are known as important requirements for assembly processes. The pyrazole-isothiazole derivatives were synthesized by means of a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, which is completely regioselective, affording only one isomer. We demonstrate that our compounds can be electrospun from fluoroalcohol solution into solid, quasi-endless micro- and nanofibers. The electrospinnability varies substantially, depending on the amino acids linked to the scaffold. Some compounds provide only short fibers, while Fmoc-glycyl-(N-benzyl)-pyrazole-isothiazole-tert-butyl carboxylate-1,1-dioxide forms continuous, homogenous, and bead-free fibers (droplet-like beads are a common problem in electrospinning). We analyzed the compounds and the fibers with various spectroscopic techniques (MS, IR and Raman). Electrospinning does not change chemical composition and configuration, suggesting the monomeric form of the compounds even in the fibers. Interestingly, we found that the stereochemistry of the scaffold can affect the ability of the peptide to be electrospun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Locarno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Maria Giovanna Lupo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, General and Organic Chemistry Section "A. Marchesini", University of Milan Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Alexander M Bittner
- CIC nanoGUNE Tolosa Hiribidea 76 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Ma Díaz de Haro 3 E-48013 Bilbao Spain
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Bucci R, Contini A, Clerici F, Beccalli EM, Formaggio F, Maffucci I, Pellegrino S, Gelmi ML. Fluoro-Aryl Substituted α,β 2,3-Peptides in the Development of Foldameric Antiparallel β-Sheets: A Conformational Study. Front Chem 2019; 7:192. [PMID: 31001518 PMCID: PMC6454073 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
α,β2,3-Disteroisomeric foldamers of general formula Boc(S-Ala-β-2R,3R-Fpg)nOMe or Boc(S-Ala-β-2S,3S-Fpg)nOMe were prepared from both enantiomers of syn H-2-(2-F-Phe)-h-PheGly-OH (named β-Fpg) and S-alanine. Our peptides show two appealing features for biomedical applications: the presence of fluorine, attractive for non-covalent interactions, and aryl groups, crucial for π-stacking. A conformational study was performed, using IR, NMR and computational studies of diastereoisomeric tetra- and hexapeptides containing the β2,3-amino acid in the R,R- and S,S-stereochemistry, respectively. We found that the stability of peptide conformation is dependent on the stereochemistry of the β-amino acid. Combining S-Ala with β-2R,3R-Fpg, a stable extended β-strand conformation was obtained. Furthermore, β-2R,3R-Fpg containing hexapeptide self-assembles to form antiparallel β-sheet structure stabilized by intermolecular H-bonds and π,π-interactions. These features make peptides containing the β2,3-fluoro amino acid very appealing for the development of bioactive proteolytically stable foldameric β-sheets as modulators of protein-protein interaction (PPI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Egle Maria Beccalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Irene Maffucci
- CNRS UMR 7025, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche de Royallieu, Compiègne, France
- Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche de Royallieu, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Gracia-Vitoria J, Osante I, Cativiela C, Merino P, Tejero T. Synthesis of Enantiopure Constrained α,β-Cycloaliphatic Cystines via Diels-Alder Reaction with Homochiral Thiazolines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12471-12485. [PMID: 30176729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of homochiral 2,3-dihydrothiazoles, easily available from l-cysteine in Diels-Alder reaction with different dienes, "en route" to sterically constrained modified cystines, has been studied. The oxidation level of the sulfur atom of the heterocyclic ring was crucial for the course of the reaction. Whereas 2,3-dihydrothiazoles did not lead to Diels-Alder adducts, 1-oxide and 1,1-dioxide derivatives afforded the exo adduct enantiopurely in high yields and diastereoselectivities. Further elaboration of the resulting adducts provided conformationally restricted quaternary cystines. DFT calculations correctly predict both the reactivity and stereoselectivity observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Gracia-Vitoria
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009 , Spain
| | - Iñaki Osante
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009 , Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009 , Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto de Biocomputacion y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009 , Spain
| | - Tomás Tejero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009 , Spain
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Clerici F, Erba E, Gelmi ML, Pellegrino S. Non-standard amino acids and peptides: From self-assembly to nanomaterials. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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