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JAGIRANI MS, SOYLAK M. Arsenic speciation by using emerging sample preparation techniques: a review. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:991-1006. [PMID: 38173749 PMCID: PMC10760823 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a hazardous element that causes environmental pollution. Due to its toxicological effects, it is crucial to quantify and minimize the hazardous impact on the ecology. Despite the significant advances in analytical techniques, sample preparation is still crucial for determining target analytes in complex matrices. Several factors affect the direct analysis, such as trace-level analysis, advanced regulatory requirements, complexity of sample matrices, and incompatible with analytical instrumentation. Along with the development in the sample preparation process, microextraction methods play an essential role in the sample preparation process. Microextraction techniques (METs) are the newest green approach that replaces traditional sample preparation and preconcentration methods. METs have minimized the limitation of conventional sample preparation methods while keeping all their benefits. METs improve extraction efficacy, are fast, automated, use less amount of solvents, and are suitable for the environment. Microextraction techniques with less solvent consumption, such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) solvent-free methods, and liquid phase microextraction (LPME), are widely used in modern analytical procedures. SPME development focuses on synthesizing new sorbents and applying online sample preparation, whereas LPME research investigates the utilization of new solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqaf JAGIRANI
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R.
China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R.
China
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of Sindh, Kayseri,
Turkiye
| | - Mustafa SOYLAK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Technology Research and Application Center (ERUTAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara,
Turkiye
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González-Martín R, Lodoso-Ruiz E, Trujillo-Rodríguez MJ, Pino V. Magnetic Ionic Liquids in Analytical Microextraction: A Tutorial Review. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212135. [PMID: 34831893 PMCID: PMC8623758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Speciation analysis is a key aspect of modern analytical chemistry, as the toxicity, environmental mobility, and bioavailability of elemental analytes are known to depend strongly on an element’s chemical species. Henceforth, great efforts have been made in recent years to develop methods that allow not only the determination of elements as a whole, but also each of its separate species. Environmental analytical chemistry has not ignored this trend, and this review aims to summarize the latest methods and techniques developed with this purpose. From the perspective of each relevant element and highlighting the importance of their speciation analysis, different sample treatment methods are introduced and described, with the spotlight on the use of modern nanomaterials and novel solvents in solid phase and liquid-liquid microextractions. In addition, an in-depth discussion of instrumental techniques aimed both at the separation and quantification of metal and metalloid species is presented, ranging from chromatographic separations to electro-chemical speciation analysis. Special emphasis is made throughout this work on the greenness of these developments, considering their alignment with the precepts of the Green Chemistry concept and critically reviewing their environmental impact.
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Abstract
In the last decades, a myriad of materials has been synthesized and utilized for the development of sample preparation procedures. The use of their magnetic analogues has gained significant attention and many procedures have been developed using magnetic materials. In this context, the benefits of a new class of magnetic ionic liquids (MILs), as non-conventional solvents, have been reaped in sample preparation procedures. MILs combine the advantageous properties of ionic liquids along with the magnetic properties, creating an unsurpassed combination. Owing to their unique nature and inherent benefits, the number of published reports on sample preparation with MILs is increasing. This fact, along with the many different types of extraction procedures that are developed, suggests that this is a promising field of research. Advances in the field are achieved both by developing new MILs with better properties (showing either stronger response to external magnetic fields or tunable extractive properties) and by developing and/or combining methods, resulting in advanced ones. In this advancing field of research, a good understanding of the existing literature is needed. This review aims to provide a literature update on the current trends of MILs in different modes of sample preparation, along with the current limitations and the prospects of the field. The use of MILs in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, single drop microextraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion, etc., is discussed herein among others.
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Chen S, Liu Y, Wang C, Yan J, Lu D. Speciation of As(III) and As(V) in Food by Magnetic Dispersive Microsolid Phase Extraction with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) Detection. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1925290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juntao Yan
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dengbo Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Oviedo MN, Fiorentini EF, Lemos AA, Wuilloud RG. Ultra-sensitive Sb speciation analysis in water samples by magnetic ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and multivariate optimization. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1033-1042. [PMID: 33555281 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02276d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient separation and preconcentration of inorganic Sb species in different water samples were performed in this work by a novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method based on the application of a magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ETAAS) detection. The Sb(iii) species was selectively extracted by complexation with ammonium diethyldithiophosphate (DDTP) and 45 μL of the MIL trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium tetrachloroferrate ([P6,6,6,14]FeCl4) as extractant. Subsequently, a magnetic rod was applied for phase separation, introducing it directly into the sample solution, and the MIL phase was then diluted in chloroform. Afterwards, 15 μL of this solution was injected into the graphite furnace of ETAAS for Sb determination. A multivariate study was performed to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Selective reduction of Sb(v) to Sb(iii) with 1% (w/v) KI before preconcentration was applied for total inorganic Sb determination and Sb(v) concentration was calculated by subtraction. The analytical performance of the method included extraction efficiencies of 98.0% for Sb(iii) and 92.6% for Sb(v), LOD of 0.02 μg L-1 for Sb(iii) and relative standard deviations of 3.1% for Sb(iii) and 3.5% for Sb(v) (at 6 μg L-1 Sb(iii) and Sb(v), n = 10). The calibration linear range was 0.08-20 μg L-1. The results showed that the proposed methodology was highly sensitive and selective for Sb speciation analysis in tap, dam, mineral, wetland, underground, rain and river water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- María N Oviedo
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Emiliano F Fiorentini
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Aldana A Lemos
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Rodolfo G Wuilloud
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
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Two-step separation and determination of inorganic As species in water, soil and sediment samples by implementing two ionic liquids in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry detection. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Recent developments in determination and speciation of arsenic in environmental and biological samples by atomic spectrometry. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction; principles and applications with analytical instruments. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li G, Row KH. Utilization of deep eutectic solvents in dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Fontes AS, Romero JC, Guimarães LB, da Silva EGP, de C. Lima D, Amorim FAC. Development of Method Based on Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Air-Assisted for Multi-Element Determination of Cadmium and Manganese in Sugarcane Spirit (Brazilian cachaça) by FAAS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01600-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Effervescent tablets containing magnetic ionic liquids as a non-conventional extraction and dispersive agent for speciation of arsenite and arsenate in vegetable samples. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Schneider M, Cadorim HR, Welz B, Carasek E, Feldmann J. Determination of arsenic in agricultural soil samples using High-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and direct solid sample analysis. Talanta 2018; 188:722-728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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López-García I, Marín-Hernández JJ, Hernández-Córdoba M. Magnetic ferrite particles combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of low concentrations of arsenic. Talanta 2018; 181:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Baranik A, Gagor A, Queralt I, Marguí E, Sitko R, Zawisza B. Determination and speciation of ultratrace arsenic and chromium species using aluminium oxide supported on graphene oxide. Talanta 2018; 185:264-274. [PMID: 29759199 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Alumina supported on graphene oxide (Al2O3/GO) nanocomposite as new nanosorbent in dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (DMSPE) for As(V) and Cr(III) preconcentration is described. The crucial issue of the study is synthesis of novel nanocomposite suitable for sorption of selected species of arsenic and chromium. Al2O3/GO demonstrates selectivity toward arsenates in the presence of arsenites at pH 5 and chromium(III) ions in the presence of chromate anions at pH 6. The Al2O3/GO nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Raman spectroscopy. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated based on the Langmuir adsorption model were 43.9 mg g-1 and 53.9 mg g-1 for As(V) and Cr(III), respectively. The nanocomposite was used as solid sorbent in preconcentration of As(V) and Cr(III)_ions from water samples and their determination using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). The As(V) and Cr(III) ions can be quantitatively preconcentrated from 25 to 100 mL aqueous samples within 5 min using DMSPE procedure and 1 mg of Al2O3/GO. The nanocomposite was also used for preparation of Al2O3/GO membrane. Then, As(V) and Cr(III)_ions can be retained under flow condition by passing analyzed solution through Al2O3/GO membrane. Under the optimized conditions, As(V) and Cr(III) ions can be determined with very good recovery (92-108%), precision (RSD 2.7-4.0%) and excellent limit of detection (0.02 ng mL-1 As and 0.11 ng mL-1 Cr). The accuracy of the method was studied by analyzing certified reference materials (NIST 1640a) and spiked real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baranik
- University of Silesia, Institute of Chemistry, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Gagor
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ignasi Queralt
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Dep. of Geosciences, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona St., 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Marguí
- Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, C/M.Aurèlia Campmany, 69, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafal Sitko
- University of Silesia, Institute of Chemistry, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Zawisza
- University of Silesia, Institute of Chemistry, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
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Hydrophilic magnetic ionic liquid for magnetic headspace single-drop microextraction of chlorobenzenes prior to thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:4679-4687. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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