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Bukhtiyarova MV, Nuzhdin AL, Bukhtiyarova GA. Comparative Study of Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors in Selective Hydrogenation of Functional Groups in Organic Compounds: What Is More Effective? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14136. [PMID: 37762440 PMCID: PMC10531935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many research papers describe selective hydrogenation of functional groups, such as nitro groups, carbonyl groups, or unsaturated carbon bonds to obtain fine chemicals or precursors of pharmaceuticals. Quite often, the catalyst performance is investigated in batch or continuous flow reactors without finding advantages and disadvantages of this or that regime. At the same time, the transition from batch processes to continuous flow occurs on the industrial scale. However, the batch process can be preferable for some reactions, in spite of its drawbacks. This review article aims to identify all publications that consider selective hydrogenation of functional groups in organic compounds, both in batch and continuous flow reactors, at the same reaction conditions that allow making conclusions about the benefits of one of the regimes in a particular case.
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Shultz LR, McCullough B, Newsome WJ, Ali H, Shaw TE, Davis KO, Uribe-Romo FJ, Baudelet M, Jurca T. A Combined Mechanochemical and Calcination Route to Mixed Cobalt Oxides for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrophenols. Molecules 2019; 25:E89. [PMID: 31881734 PMCID: PMC6982874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Para-, or 4-nitrophenol, and related nitroaromatics are broadly used compounds in industrial processes and as a result are among the most common anthropogenic pollutants in aqueous industrial effluent; this requires development of practical remediation strategies. Their catalytic reduction to the less toxic and synthetically desirable aminophenols is one strategy. However, to date, the majority of work focuses on catalysts based on precisely tailored, and often noble metal-based nanoparticles. The cost of such systems hampers practical, larger scale application. We report a facile route to bulk cobalt oxide-based materials, via a combined mechanochemical and calcination approach. Vibratory ball milling of CoCl2(H2O)6 with KOH, and subsequent calcination afforded three cobalt oxide-based materials with different combinations of CoO(OH), Co(OH)2, and Co3O4 with different crystallite domains/sizes and surface areas; Co@100, Co@350 and Co@600 (Co@###; # = calcination temp). All three prove active for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and related aminonitrophenols. In the case of 4-nitrophenol, Co@350 proved to be the most active catalyst, therein its retention of activity over prolonged exposure to air, moisture, and reducing environments, and applicability in flow processes is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorianne R. Shultz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations Cluster, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Bryan McCullough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway #225, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Wesley J. Newsome
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Haider Ali
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (K.O.D.)
| | - Thomas E. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations Cluster, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Kristopher O. Davis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (K.O.D.)
- CREOL—The College of Optics & Photonics, Building 53, University of Central Florida, 4304 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Fernando J. Uribe-Romo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations Cluster, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Matthieu Baudelet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway #225, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
- CREOL—The College of Optics & Photonics, Building 53, University of Central Florida, 4304 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Titel Jurca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (L.R.S.); (B.M.); (W.J.N.); (T.E.S.)
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations Cluster, University of Central Florida, 4353 Scorpius Street, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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Wang RL, Li DP, Wang LJ, Zhang X, Zhou ZY, Mu JL, Su ZM. The preparation of new covalent organic framework embedded with silver nanoparticles and its applications in degradation of organic pollutants from waste water. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1051-1059. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04458a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ag@TPHH-COF can be used as efficient catalyst for the reduction of the various nitroaromatic compounds and organic dyes in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Peng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Jie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Lin Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo 255049
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun 130024
- People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry
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Sahoo L, Rana M, Mondal S, Mittal N, Nandi P, Gloskovskii A, Manju U, Topwal D, Gautam UK. Self-immobilized Pd nanowires as an excellent platform for a continuous flow reactor: efficiency, stability and regeneration. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21396-21405. [PMID: 30427026 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06844e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive use of Pd nanocrystals as catalysts, the realization of a Pd-based continuous flow reactor remains a challenge. Difficulties arise due to ill-defined anchoring of the nanocrystals on a substrate and reactivity of the substrate under different reaction conditions. We demonstrate the first metal (Pd) nanowire-based catalytic flow reactor that can be used across different filtration platforms, wherein, reactants flow through a porous network of nanowires (10-1000 nm pore sizes) and the product can be collected as filtrate. Controlling the growth parameters and obtaining high aspect ratio of the nanowires (diameter = ∼13 nm and length > 8000 nm) is necessary for successful fabrication of this flow reactor. The reactor performance is similar to a conventional reactor, but without requiring energy-expensive mechanical stirring. Synchrotron-based EXAFS studies were used to examine the catalyst microstructure and Operando FT-IR spectroscopic studies were used to devise a regenerative strategy. We show that after prolonged use, the catalyst performance can be regenerated up to 99% by a simple wash-off process without disturbing the catalyst bed. Thus, collection, regeneration and redispersion processes of the catalyst in conventional industrial reactors can be avoided. Another important advantage is avoiding specific catalyst-anchoring substrates, which are not only expensive, but also non-universal in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipipuspa Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Sector 81, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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