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Cathode materials for lithium-sulfur battery: a review. J Solid State Electrochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AbstractLithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for becoming the post-lithium-ion battery technology, which would require a high level of energy density across a variety of applications. An increasing amount of research has been conducted on LSBs over the past decade to develop fundamental understanding, modelling, and application-based control. In this study, the advantages and disadvantages of LSB technology are discussed from a fundamental perspective. Then, the focus shifts to intermediate lithium polysulfide adsorption capacity and the challenges involved in improving LSBs by using alternative materials besides carbon for cathode construction. Attempted alternative materials include metal oxides, metal carbides, metal nitrides, MXenes, graphene, quantum dots, and metal organic frameworks. One critical issue is that polar material should be more favorable than non-polar carbonaceous materials in the aspect of intermediate lithium polysulfide species adsorption and suppress shuttle effect. It will be also presented that by preparing cathode with suitable materials and morphological structure, high-performance LSB can be obtained.
Graphical abstract
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Cheng R, Xian X, Manasa P, Liu J, Xia Y, Guan Y, Wei S, Li Z, Li B, Xu F, Sun L. Carbon Coated Metal-Based Composite Electrode Materials for Lithium Sulfur Batteries: A Review. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200168. [PMID: 36240459 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur battery is one of the most promising secondary battery systems due to their high energy density and low material cost. During the past decade, great progress has been achieved in promoting the performances of Li-S batteries by addressing the challenges at the laboratory-level model systems. With growing attention paid to the application of Li-S batteries, new challenges at practical cell scales emerge as the bottleneck. However, challenges remain for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries. The current review mainly focused on metal-based catalysts decorated-carbon materials for enhanced lithium sulfur battery performance. Firstly, the synthesis methods of various carbon-sulfur composites are discussed, as well as the influence of different material structures on the electrochemical performance. Secondly, a variety of catalysts, including metal atoms, metal oxides, sulfides, phosphides, nitrides, and carbide-decorated carbon nanomaterials, are systematically introduced to determine how lithium can be enhanced by suppressing polysulfides and promoting redox conversion reactions. Also, analyzed the multi-step electrochemical reaction mechanism of the battery during the charging and discharging process, and provide a feasible path for the practical application of high energy density lithium-sulfur batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riguang Cheng
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.,School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xinyi Xian
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Pantrangi Manasa
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.,School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yongpeng Xia
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yanxun Guan
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Sheng Wei
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.,School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zengyi Li
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Fen Xu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Lixian Sun
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.,School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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Wang Z, Zeng W, Ng KYS. Facile Synthesis of CoS Nanoparticles Anchored on the Surface of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Materials for Advanced Li–S Batteries. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Wenduo Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - K. Y. Simon Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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Yuan S, Gao Q, Ke C, Zuo T, Hou J, Zhang J. Mesoporous Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yuan
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R. China
| | - Qian Gao
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R. China
| | - Changchun Ke
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R. China
| | - Tao Zuo
- CEMT Co Ltd 107 Changjiang Road Jiashan 314100 P. R. China
| | - Junbo Hou
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R. China
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Ng SF, Lau MYL, Ong WJ. Lithium-Sulfur Battery Cathode Design: Tailoring Metal-Based Nanostructures for Robust Polysulfide Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008654. [PMID: 33811420 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have a high specific energy capacity and density of 1675 mAh g-1 and 2670 Wh kg-1 , respectively, rendering them among the most promising successors for lithium-ion batteries. However, there are myriads of obstacles in the practical application and commercialization of Li-S batteries, including the low conductivity of sulfur and its discharge products (Li2 S/Li2 S2 ), volume expansion of sulfur electrode, and the polysulfide shuttle effect. Hence, immense attention has been devoted to rectifying these issues, of which the application of metal-based compounds (i.e., transition metal, metal phosphides, sulfides, oxides, carbides, nitrides, phosphosulfides, MXenes, hydroxides, and metal-organic frameworks) as sulfur hosts is profiled as a fascinating strategy to hinder the polysulfide shuttle effect stemming from the polar-polar interactions between the metal compounds and polysulfides. This review encompasses the fundamental electrochemical principles of Li-S batteries and insights into the interactions between the metal-based compounds and the polysulfides, with emphasis on the intimate structure-activity relationship corroborated with theoretical calculations. Additionally, the integration of conductive carbon-based materials to ameliorate the existing adsorptive abilities of the metal-based compound is systematically discussed. Lastly, the challenges and prospects toward the smart design of catalysts for the future development of practical Li-S batteries are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue-Faye Ng
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
| | - Michelle Yu Ling Lau
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
| | - Wee-Jun Ong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Mao X, Yu Y, Zhu L, Fu A. SnS2 monolayer and SnS2/graphene heterostructure as promising anchoring materials for lithium-sulfur batteries: A computational study. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) redox battery system is considered to be the most promising next-generation energy storage technology due to its high theoretical specific capacity (1673 mAh g−1), high energy density (2600 Wh kg−1), low cost, and the environmentally friendly nature of sulfur. Though this system is deemed to be the next-generation energy storage device for portable electronics and electric vehicles, its poor cycle life, low coulombic efficiency and low rate capability limit it from practical applications. These performance barriers were linked to several issues like polysulfide (LiPS) shuttle, inherent low conductivity of charge/discharge end products, and poor redox kinetics. Here, we review the recent developments made to alleviate these problems through an electrocatalysis approach, which is considered to be an effective strategy not only to trap the LiPS but also to accelerate their conversion reactions kinetics. Herein, the influence of different chemical interactions between the LiPS and the catalyst surfaces and their effect on the conversion of liquid LiPS to solid end products are reviewed. Finally, we also discussed the challenges and perspectives for designing cathode architectures to enable high sulfur loading along with the capability to rapidly convert the LiPS.
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Liu Y, Kou W, Li X, Huang C, Shui R, He G. Constructing Patch-Ni-Shelled Pt@Ni Nanoparticles within Confined Nanoreactors for Catalytic Oxidation of Insoluble Polysulfides in Li-S Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902431. [PMID: 31207131 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the deposit of discharge products and suppressing the polysulfide shuttle are critical to enhancing reaction kinetics in Li-S batteries. Herein, a Pt@Ni core-shell bimetallic catalyst with a patch-like or complete Ni shell based on a confined catalysis reaction in porous carbon spheres is reported. The Pt nanodots can effectively direct and catalyze in situ reduction of Ni2+ ions to form core-shell catalysts with a seamless interface that facilitates the charge transfer between the two metals. Thus, the bimetallic catalysts offer a synergic effect on catalyzing reactions, which shows dual functions for catalytic oxidation of insoluble polysulfides to soluble polysulfides by effectively reducing the energy barrier with simultaneous strong adsorption, ensuring a high reversible capacity and cycling stability. A novel process based on the Pt@Ni core-shell bimetallic catalyst with a patch-like Ni shell is proposed: electronic migration from Ni to Pt forces Ni to activate Li2 S2 /Li2 S molecules by promoting the transformation of Li-S-Li to Ni-S-Li, consequently releasing Li+ and free electrons, simultaneously enhancing protonic/electronic conductivity. The presence of the intermediate state Ni-S-Li is more active to oxidize Li2 S to polysulfides. The Li2 S bound to adjacent Pt sites reacts with abundant -S-Li species and then releases the Pt sites for the next round of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangcun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chuqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ruobing Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2#, Dalian, 116024, China
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Hua Y, Li X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Shu Y, Sheng H, Fang H, Wei H, Ding Y. Active Anchoring Polysulfides of ZnS‐Decorated Porous Carbon Aerogel for a High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Battery. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hua
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Xingchi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Yizhen Shu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Huijuan Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Huagao Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Functional Materials and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Haibing Wei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Functional Materials and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Functional Materials and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 PR China
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10
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Zhang B, Sheng T, Wang Y, Chou S, Davey K, Dou S, Qiao S. Long‐Life Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries by Virtue of Transition‐Metal‐Nanocluster–Sulfur Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin‐Wei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Tian Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Yun‐Xiao Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Shulei Chou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Kenneth Davey
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Shi‐Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Shi‐Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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Zhang B, Sheng T, Wang Y, Chou S, Davey K, Dou S, Qiao S. Long‐Life Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries by Virtue of Transition‐Metal‐Nanocluster–Sulfur Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1484-1488. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin‐Wei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Tian Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Yun‐Xiao Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Shulei Chou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Kenneth Davey
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Shi‐Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia
| | - Shi‐Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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Li S, Ge P, Jiang F, Foster CW, Banks CE, Xu W, Zhang Y, Hong W, Zhang C, Sun W, Hu J, Hou H, Hu Y, Ji X. Molecular-Level CuS@S Hybrid Nanosheets Constructed by Mineral Chemistry for Energy Storage Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43669-43681. [PMID: 30489056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal sulfide, CuS, is deemed a promising material for energy storage, mainly derived from its good chemisorption and conductivity, although serious capacity fading limits its advancement within reversible lithium storage. Learning from the gold extraction method utilizing the lime-sulfur-synthetic-solution, a CuS@S hybrid utilizing CaS x as both sulfur resource and reductant-oxidant is prepared, which is an efficient approach to apply the metallurgy for the preparation of electrode materials. Regulating the amount of CuCl2, the CuS@S is induced to reach a molecular-level hybrid. When utilized as an anode within a lithium-ion battery, it presents the specific capacity of 514.4 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 over 200 cycles. Supported by the analyses of pseudo-capacitive behaviors, it is confirmed that the CuS matrix with the suitable content of auxiliary sulfur could improve the durability of the CuS-based anode. Expanding the wider application within lithium-sulfur batteries, the synchronous growth of CuS@S exhibits stronger chemisorption with polysulfides than the mechanical mixture of CuS and S. A suite of in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies further investigates the stable resistances of the CuS@S within the charge/discharge process, corresponding to the reversible structure evolution. This systematic work may provide a practical fabricating route of metal sulfides for scalable energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christopher W Foster
- Faculty of Science and Engineering , Manchester Metropolitan University , Manchester M1 5GD , U.K
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering , Manchester Metropolitan University , Manchester M1 5GD , U.K
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Luo L, Chung SH, Yaghoobnejad Asl H, Manthiram A. Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with a Bifunctional Cathode Substrate Configured with Boron Carbide Nanowires. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1804149. [PMID: 30101423 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing high-energy-density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries relies on the design of electrode substrates that can host a high sulfur loading and still attain high electrochemical utilization. Herein, a new bifunctional cathode substrate configured with boron-carbide nanowires in situ grown on carbon nanofibers (B4 C@CNF) is established through a facile catalyst-assisted process. The B4 C nanowires acting as chemical-anchoring centers provide strong polysulfide adsorptivity, as validated by experimental data and first-principle calculations. Meanwhile, the catalytic effect of B4 C also accelerates the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion, contributing to enhanced rate capability. As a result, a remarkable capacity retention of 80% after 500 cycles as well as stable cyclability at 4C rate is accomplished with the cells employing B4 C@CNF as a cathode substrate for sulfur. Moreover, the B4 C@CNF substrate enables the cathode to achieve both high sulfur content (70 wt%) and sulfur loading (10.3 mg cm-2 ), delivering a superb areal capacity of 9 mAh cm-2 . Additionally, Li-S pouch cells fabricated with the B4 C@CNF substrate are able to host a high sulfur mass of 200 mg per cathode and deliver a high discharge capacity of 125 mAh after 50 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Luo
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sheng-Heng Chung
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hooman Yaghoobnejad Asl
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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