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Zhang Y, Li D, Xin G, Ren S. A Review of Molecular Models for Gas Adsorption in Shale Nanopores and Experimental Characterization of Shale Properties. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13519-13538. [PMID: 37091427 PMCID: PMC10116638 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Shale gas, as a promising alternative energy source, has received considerable attention because of its broad resource base and wide distribution. The establishment of shale models that can accurately describe the composition and structure of shale is essential to perform molecular simulations of gas adsorption in shale reservoirs. This Review provides an overview of shale models, which include organic matter models, inorganic mineral models, and composite shale models. Molecular simulations of gas adsorption performed on these models are also reviewed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the behaviors and mechanisms of gas adsorption on shales. To accurately understand the gas adsorption behaviors in shale reservoirs, it is necessary to be aware of the pore structure characteristics of shale reservoirs. Thus, we also present experimental studies on shale microstructure analysis, including direct imaging methods and indirect measurements. The advantages, disadvantages, and applications of these methods are also well summarized. This Review is useful for understanding molecular models of gas adsorption in shales and provides guidance for selecting experimental characterization of shale structure and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhang
- School
of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong
University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Dexiang Li
- School
of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong
University, Jinan 250061, China
- Phone:
+ 8613730981950.
| | - Gongming Xin
- School
of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong
University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Shaoran Ren
- School
of Petroleum Engineering, China University
of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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2
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Sun S, Liang S, Liu Y, Liu D, Gao M, Tian Y, Wang J. A Review on Shale Oil and Gas Characteristics and Molecular Dynamics Simulation for the Fluid Behavior in Shale Pore. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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3
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Lin X, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Lü X, Song S, Jiang J, Zhang C. Molecular Simulation of the Occurrence States of Methane in Wedge-Shaped Quartz Pores. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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4
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Tri-Reforming of Methane over NdM0.25Ni0.75O3 (M = Cr, Fe) Catalysts and the Effect of CO2 Composition. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Cheng X, Li Z, He YL. Release of methane from nanochannels through displacement using CO 2. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15457-15466. [PMID: 35424064 PMCID: PMC8698835 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the release of methane in quartz nanochannels through the method of displacement using carbon dioxide. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and theoretical analysis are performed to obtain the release percentage of methane for nanochannels of various diameters. It is found that both the pressure of CO2 and the channel size affect the release percentage of methane, which increases with increasing pressure of CO2 and channel diameter. Without CO2, the majority of methane molecules are adsorbed by the channel surface. When CO2 is injected into the channel, CO2 molecules replace many methane molecules due to the relatively strong molecular interactions between CO2 and the channel, which leads to the desorption of methane, reduces the energy barrier for the transport of methane, and consequently increases the release rate. Theoretical predictions using the kinetic energy of methane and the energy barrier inside the channel are also conducted, which are in good agreement with the MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Ya-Ling He
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of MOE, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 PR China
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6
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Molecular Investigation on the Displacement Characteristics of CH4 by CO2, N2 and Their Mixture in a Composite Shale Model. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en14010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth in energy consumption and environmental pollution have greatly stimulated the exploration and utilization of shale gas. The injection of gases such as CO2, N2, and their mixture is currently regarded as one of the most effective ways to enhance gas recovery from shale reservoirs. In this study, molecular simulations were conducted on a kaolinite–kerogen IID composite shale matrix to explore the displacement characteristics of CH4 using different injection gases, including CO2, N2, and their mixture. The results show that when the injection pressure was lower than 10 MPa, increasing the injection pressure improved the displacement capacity of CH4 by CO2. Correspondingly, an increase of formation temperature also increased the displacement efficiency of CH4, but an increase of pore size slightly increased this displacement efficiency. Moreover, it was found that when the proportion of CO2 and N2 was 1:1, the displacement efficiency of CH4 was the highest, which proved that the simultaneous injection of CO2 and N2 had a synergistic effect on shale gas production. The results of this paper will provide guidance and reference for the displacement exploitation of shale gas by injection gases.
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7
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Zhang Y, Khorshidian H, Mohammadi M, Sanati-Nezhad A, Hejazi SH. Functionalized multiscale visual models to unravel flow and transport physics in porous structures. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115676. [PMID: 32193027 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fluid flow, species transport, and chemical reactions in geological formations are the chief mechanisms in engineering the exploitation of fossil fuels and geothermal energy, the geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2), and the disposal of hazardous materials. Porous rock is characterized by a wide surface area, where the physicochemical fluid-solid interactions dominate the multiphase flow behavior. A variety of visual models with differences in dimensions, patterns, surface properties, and fabrication techniques have been widely utilized to simulate and directly visualize such interactions in porous media. This review discusses the six categories of visual models used in geological flow applications, including packed beds, Hele-Shaw cells, synthesized microchips (also known as microfluidic chips or micromodels), geomaterial-dominated microchips, three-dimensional (3D) microchips, and nanofluidics. For each category, critical technical points (such as surface chemistry and geometry) and practical applications are summarized. Finally, we discuss opportunities and provide a framework for the development of custom-built visual models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- Interfacial Flows and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hossein Khorshidian
- Interfacial Flows and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Interfacial Flows and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Amir Sanati-Nezhad
- Interfacial Flows and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Centre for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - S Hossein Hejazi
- Interfacial Flows and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Han Y, Yan Z, Jin L, Liao J, Feng G. In situ study on interactions between hydroxyl groups in kaolinite and re-adsorption water. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16949-16958. [PMID: 35496922 PMCID: PMC9053203 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01905d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between O–H groups in kaolinite and re-adsorption water is an important aspect that should be considered in the hydraulic fracturing method for the production of shale gas, because the external water adsorbed by kaolinite in shale would significantly affect the desorption of methane. In this study, the interactions were investigated via changing the amount of O–H groups and re-adsorption water in kaolinite by heating treatment and water re-adsorption. To overcome the overlap of IR vibration bands of the O–H functional groups in H2O and those in parent kaolinite, kaolinite samples with D2O re-adsorption were prepared by drying the H2O from raw kaolinite and soaking the dried kaolinite in D2O. The interactions between O–H groups in kaolinite and D2O molecules were investigated by in situ DRIFT and TG-MS. The results demonstrated that the vibration at 3670 ± 4 cm−1 in the DRIFT spectra could be due to the outer O–H groups of the octahedral sheet on the upper surface of the kaolinite microcrystal structure, rather than a type of inner-surface O–H group. All types of O–H groups, including the inner O–H groups in kaolinite, could be transformed into O–D groups after D2O re-adsorption at room temperature. The inner-surface O–H groups in kaolinite are the most preferred sites for D2O re-adsorption; thus, they would be the key factor for studying the effect of re-adsorption water on methane desorption. When the temperature increased from 100 °C to 300 °C, two layers of kaolinite slipped away from each other, resulting in the transformation of inner-surface O–H groups into outer O–H groups. Thus, the temperature range of 100 to 300 °C was suggested for the heat treatment of kaolinite to decrease the content of inner-surface O–H groups; thereby, the amount of re-adsorption water was reduced. However, to thoroughly remove the re-adsorption water, a temperature higher than 650 °C should be used. Because two layers slipped away from each other, inner-surface O–H was transformed into outer O–H during heating from 100–300 °C. Re-adsorption water could be thoroughly removed at 650 °C.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Han
- College of Mining Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yan
- College of Mining Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Lijun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Institute of Coal Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Junjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Coal Science and Technology Co-founded by Shanxi Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Guorui Feng
- College of Mining Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
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9
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Tang X, Ripepi N, Rigby S, Mokaya R, Gilliland E. New perspectives on supercritical methane adsorption in shales and associated thermodynamics. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Berghe G, Kline S, Burket S, Bivens L, Johnson D, Singh R. Effect of CO2 and H2O on the behavior of shale gas confined inside calcite [104] slit-like nanopore: a molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:293. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Cai H, Li P, Ge Z, Xian Y, Lu D. A new method to determine varying adsorbed density based on Gibbs isotherm of supercritical gas adsorption. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617418802665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the calculation of the absolute adsorption of supercritical gas adsorbed on the microporous materials, most existing methods regard the adsorbed density as a constant, which is very unreasonable. In this study, an extended pressure point method combined with Langmuir adsorption model is proposed in which the varying adsorbed density under different pressures is considered at the same time. The utility of the proposed method to correlate accurately the experimental data for supercritical gas adsorption system is demonstrated by high-pressure methane adsorption measurements on two groups of shale samples. Taking advantage of the proposed method, we can obtain the adsorbed density and the adsorbed volume corresponding to different pressures. Compared with the conventional methods under the assumption of fixed and parameterized adsorbed density, the proposed method yields better fitting results with the experimental data. Our work should provide important fundamental understandings and insights into the supercritical gas adsorption system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Cai
- University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Peichao Li
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China
| | - Zhixin Ge
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, China
| | - Yuxi Xian
- University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Detang Lu
- University of Science and Technology of China, China
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12
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Yang L, Zhou X, Zhang K, Zeng F, Wang Z. Investigation of dynamical properties of methane in slit-like quartz pores using molecular simulation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:33798-33816. [PMID: 35548817 PMCID: PMC9086685 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06678g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamical properties of adsorption media confined in micropores play an important role in the adsorptive separation of fluids. However, a problem is that it is difficult to directly use approaches based on experimental measurements. Molecular simulation has been an effective tool for investigating the diffusion of fluids on the microscale in recent years. In this work, the diffusion properties of methane in quartz were mainly investigated from a microscale viewpoint using MD (molecular dynamics) methods, and this paper primarily discusses the influence of parameters such as pressure, temperature, pore size and water content on the diffusion and thermodynamic parameters of methane in slit-like quartz pores. The results demonstrate that the transport ability of quartz pores decreases with an increase in pressure in pores of a fixed size at a certain temperature and increases with an increase in pore size or temperature at a fixed pressure, which is related to changes in the interaction between methane molecules and quartz. In the pressure range used in the simulation, the average isosteric heat of adsorption of methane increases with an increase in pressure and is in the range of 6.52–10.794 kJ mol−1. Therefore, the gas adsorption behavior is classed as physical adsorption because the heat of adsorption is significantly lower than the minimum heat of gas adsorption for chemisorption. The increase in the total adsorption entropy is caused by an increase in temperature due to an increase in internal energy, which brings about a reduction in the interactions between gas molecules and walls of quartz. However, with an increase in pore size the total adsorption entropy increases, for which an explanation may be that in pores of a larger size methane molecules are adsorbed at higher-energy sites and generate a higher isosteric heat, which causes a reduction in interactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent. Regarding the influence of different water contents on the diffusion of methane, it was demonstrated that with an increase in moisture the mobility of methane molecules initially increases and then decreases, which is related to the distance between gas molecules. The dynamical properties of adsorption media confined in micropores play an important role in the adsorptive separation of fluids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Yang
- Petroleum Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada +1-306-585-4855 +1-306-337-2526
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Petroleum Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada +1-306-585-4855 +1-306-337-2526
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou Guangdong 510075 China
| | - Fanhua Zeng
- Petroleum Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada +1-306-585-4855 +1-306-337-2526
| | - Zhouhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan 610500 PR China
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13
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Zhang YQ, Sanati-Nezhad A, Hejazi SH. Geo-material surface modification of microchips using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly for subsurface energy and environmental applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:285-295. [PMID: 29199291 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00675f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A key constraint in the application of microfluidic technology to subsurface flow and transport processes is the surface discrepancy between microchips and the actual rocks/soils. This research employs a novel layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technology to produce rock-forming mineral coatings on microchip surfaces. The outcome of the work is a series of 'surface-mimetic micro-reservoirs (SMMR)' that represent multi-scales and multi-types of natural rocks/soils. For demonstration, the clay pores of sandstones and mudrocks are reconstructed by representatively coating montmorillonite and kaolinite in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchips in a wide range of channel sizes (width of 10-250 μm, depth of 40-100 μm) and on glass substrates. The morphological and structural properties of mineral coatings are characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope and profilometer. The coating stability is tested by dynamic flooding experiments. The surface wettability is characterized by measuring mineral oil-water contact angles. The results demonstrate the formation of nano- to micro-scale, fully-covered and stable mineral surfaces with varying wetting properties. There is an opportunity to use this work in the development of microfluidic technology-based applications for subsurface energy and environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Zhang
- Subsurface Fluidics and Porous Media Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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14
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Zhou W, Zhang Z, Wang H, Yan Y, Liu X. Molecular insights into competitive adsorption of CO2/CH4 mixture in shale nanopores. RSC Adv 2018; 8:33939-33946. [PMID: 35548842 PMCID: PMC9086684 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07486k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, competitive adsorption behaviour of supercritical carbon dioxide and methane binary mixture in shale organic nanopores was investigated by using grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. The model was firstly validated by comparing with experimental data and a satisfactory agreement was obtained. Then the effects of temperature (298–388 K), pressure (up to 60 MPa), pore size (1–4 nm) and moisture content (0–2.4 wt%) on competitive adsorption behaviour of the binary mixture were examined and discussed in depth. It is found that the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in shale organic nanopores is much higher than that of methane under various conditions. The mechanism of competitive adsorption was discussed in detail. In addition, the results show that a lower temperature is favorable to both the adsorption amount and selectivity of CO2/CH4 binary mixture in shale organic nanopores. However, an appropriate CO2 injection pressure should be considered to take into account the CO2 sequestration amount and the exploitation efficiency of shale gas. As for moisture content, different influences on CO2/CH4 adsorption selectivity have been observed at low and high moisture conditions. Therefore, different simulation technologies for shale gas production and CO2 sequestration should be applied depending on the actual moisture conditions of the shale reservoirs. It is expected that the findings in this work could be helpful to estimate and enhance shale gas resource recovery and also evaluate CO2 sequestration efficiency in shale reservoirs. Competitive adsorption behaviour of CO2/CH4 mixture in shale slit nanopores under various geological conditions was explored by molecular simulations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenning Zhou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Haobo Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Yuying Yan
- Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
| | - Xunliang Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiong
- State
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixi Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Zeng
- Institute
of Chemical Materials, Engineering Physical Academy of China, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
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