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Kumari A, Patanvadiya DJ, Jain A, Patra R, Paranjothy M, Rana NK. Pyridinium Ylide-Mediated Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spirocyclopropanyl-pyrazolones via Cascade Michael/Substitution Reaction. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38742411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
We have devised a highly diastereoselective formal [2 + 1] annulation reaction of arylidene/alkylidine-pyrazolones with in situ-generated supported as well as standard pyridinium ylides to construct spirocyclopropanyl-pyrazolones. The cascade approach exhibits a wide range of functional group tolerance, gram-scale capability, and substrate versatility. A diverse range of spirocyclic cyclopropanes was synthesized extensively with both mediators, and the supported pyridine was reused in subsequent cycles. Density functional theory calculations confirmed the formation of spirocyclopropane as the lower energy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | | | - Anshul Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Ranjan Patra
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Manikandan Paranjothy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Nirmal K Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India
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2
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Demirbas N, Demirbas A. Organocatalyzed Heterocyclic Transformations In Green Media: A Review. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337207999200805115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Since the discovery of metal-free catalysts or organocatalysts about twenty
years ago, a number of small molecules with different structures have been used to accelerate organic
transformations. With the development of environmental awareness, to obtain highly efficient
scaffolds, scientists have directed their studies towards synthetic methodologies that minimize
or preferably eliminate the formation of waste, avoid toxic solvents and reagents and use renewable
starting materials as far as possible.
Methods:
In this connection, the organocatalytic reactions providing efficiency and selectivity for
most of the transformations have become an endless topic in organic chemistry since several advantages
from both practical and environmental standpoints. Organocatalysts contributing to the transformation
of reactants into products with the least possible waste production, have been serving the
concept of green chemistry.
Results and Conclusion:
Organocatalysts have been classified based on their binding capacity to
the substrate with covalent or noncovalent interactions involving hydrogen bonding and electrostatic
interaction. Diverse types of small organic compounds including proline and its derivatives,
phase-transfer catalysts, (thio)urease, phosphoric acids, sulfones, N-oxides, guanidines, cinchona
derivatives, aminoindanol, and amino acids have been utilized as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts
in different chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Demirbas
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirbas
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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3
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Li T, Wang W, Wang S, Liu L, Chang W, Li J. Thermo‐responsive block copolymer
micelle‐supported
(
S
)‐α,
α‐diphenylprolinol
trimethylsilyl ether for asymmetric Michael addition of nitroalkenes and aldehydes in water. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Weilin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Songmeng Wang
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Weixing Chang
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin China
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Abstract
L-proline is directly loaded on the multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with exceptionally high loading content of 67 wt.%. The obtained L-proline/MWCNTs catalyst is on par with the catalytic activity of free L-proline, even after 7 rounds of recycling and reusing. The excellent activity of L-proline/MWCNTs in typical Aldol reaction, Mannich reaction, Michael reaction, α-oxyamination reaction, and Knoevenagel condensation shows a broad applicability of the composite catalyst in different reactions and solvent systems. We believe that the unusual loading mode may open a window for designing heterogenized organo-catalysts.
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Abstract
Due to its inherent advantages such as easy recovery and reuse of the catalysts/ reagents, and environmentally friendly nature, the heterogeneous system has gain popularity in the realm of organic synthesis. In recent years, several chemically or biologically potent molecules are achieved through heterogeneous synthesis strategies. By recalling some of the classical fundamentals of the heterogeneous system in important organic synthesis, this mini-review outlines the recent developments in the applications heterogeneous catalysts and reagents; particularly in the solid phase synthesis, esterification and transesterification reactions to produce biodiesel, and Henry reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwajit Changmai
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar-10, Assam, India
| | - Gunindra Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar-10, Assam, India
| | | | - Lalthazuala Rokhum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar-10, Assam, India
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Rajkumari K, Laskar IB, Kumari A, Kalita B, Rokhum L. Highly selective tetrahydropyranylation/dehydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols using porous phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde resin catalyst under solvent-free condition. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Das D, Rajkumari K, Rokhum L. Polymer-Bound Triphenylphosphine and 4,4'-Dinitroazobenzene as a Coupling Reagents for Chromatography-Free Esterification Reaction. Curr Org Synth 2020; 16:1024-1031. [PMID: 31984883 DOI: 10.2174/1570179416666190919152424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE Sustainable production of fine chemicals both in industries and pharmaceuticals heavily depends on the application of solid-phase synthesis route coupled with microwave technologies due to their environmentally benign nature. In this report, a microwave-assisted esterification reaction using polymer-bound triphenylphosphine and 4,4'-dinitroazobenzene reagent system was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The solvents were obtained from Merck India. Polymer-bound triphenylphosphine (~3 mmol triphenylphosphine moiety/g) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich. The progress of the reaction was observed by thin-layer chromatography. All the reactions were performed in Milestones StartSYNTH microwave. The NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance III 300, 400, and 500 MHz FT NMR Spectrometers. Using azo compound and polymer-bound triphenyl phosphine as a coupling reagent, esterification of different carboxylic acids with alcohols was performed under microwave irradiation. RESULTS Esterification of benzoic acid with 1-propanol under microwave irradiation gave a high yield of 92% propyl benzoate in 60 minutes only. Isolation of the ester products was relatively simple as both the byproducts polymer-bound triphenylphosphine oxide and hydrazine could be removed by simple filtration. The rates of reactions were found to be directly proportional to the pKa of the benzoic acids. CONCLUSION 4,4'-Dinitroazobenzene was introduced as a novel coupling reagent, in conjugation with polymer-bound triphenylphosphine, for esterification reactions under microwave irradiation. The low moisture sensitivity of the reaction system, easy separation of the byproducts, and column chromatographyfree isolation of esters help our methods with application significance, particularly from the 'Sustainable Chemistry' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diparjun Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Kalyani Rajkumari
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Lalthazuala Rokhum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
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8
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Thavornpradit S, Killough JM, Bergbreiter DE. Minimizing solvent waste in catalytic reactions in highly recyclable hydrocarbon solvents. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4248-4256. [PMID: 32436926 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00734j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes chemistry using organocatalysts in hydrocarbon solvents that minimizes solvent waste by using inexpensive, non-volatile, relatively inflammable, and easily recyclable poly(α-olefin)s (PAOs) as hydrocarbon solvents. These studies show that when substrates have limited solubility in PAO solvents, this issue can be addressed by adding a small amount of a cosolvent. Kinetic studies were also carried out and show that reactions carried out in PAOs are kinetically comparable to reactions in conventional non-recyclable hydrocarbon solvents. A range of strategies that separate and isolate products from reactions in PAOs using a polyisobutylene (PIB)-supported DMAP catalyst have been studied using four different catalytic reactions. In the most general procedure, the PAO phase containing a PIB-bound catalyst is separated from products by low energy liquid/liquid gravity separation. This can be accomplished using a minimal amount of a polar solvent. In another example, the product's low solubility leads to it precipitating during the reaction. In this case, a simple filtration recycles the PAO and a PIB-bound DMAP catalyst. We have demonstrated that the PAO phase containing a PIB bound DMAP catalyst can be recycled for at least 10 cycles without loss of activity. Our studies further showed that leaching of the PAO phase into polar solvents was orders of magnitude less than conventional hydrocarbon solvents such as heptane. The result is that the overall solvent waste generation is lower than for the same reaction carried out in conventional solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopida Thavornpradit
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - James M Killough
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - David E Bergbreiter
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Magnetic KI@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Henry Reaction Under Solvent Free Conditions. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Rokhum L, Bez G. Recent Application of Polystyrene-supported Triphenylphosphine in Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272822666181026115752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a fast development of solid phase synthetic pathways, a variety of solid-supported reagent and its applications in diverse synthetic strategies and pharmaceutical applicability’s. Polymer-supported triphenylphosphine is getting a lot of applications owing to the speed and simplicity in the process. Furthermore, ease of recyclability and reuse of polymer-supported triphenylphosphine added its advantages. This review covers a wide range of useful organic transformations which are accomplished using cross-linked polystyrene-supported triphenylphosphine with the aim of giving renewed interest in the field of organic and medicinal-combinatorial chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalthazuala Rokhum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar-788010, India
| | - Ghanashyam Bez
- Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, India
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11
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Rokhum L, Bez G. Recent Advances in Solid Phase Organic Synthesis (SPOS). CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/138527282306190625103634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lalthazuala Rokhum
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Ghanashyam Bez
- Department of Chemistry North Eastern Hill University Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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12
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Wang L, Xu G, Xiao J, Tao M, Zhang W. Quaternary Ammonium-Based Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fibers with Polarity Tunable Inner Surface Microenvironment for C–C Bond Forming Reactions under Continuous Flow Conditions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Minli Tao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Wenqin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
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13
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Pathak G, Rajkumari K, Rokhum SL. Wealth from waste: M. acuminata peel waste-derived magnetic nanoparticles as a solid catalyst for the Henry reaction. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1013-1020. [PMID: 36133185 PMCID: PMC9473269 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by exploiting different plant materials has become a matter of great interest in recent years and is considered as a green technology as it does not involve any harmful and toxic chemicals in the synthetic procedure. In this paper, we report a novel one-pot M. acuminata peel ash extract mediated bio-synthesis of basic iron oxide nanoparticles (MAPAE@Fe3O4). The nanoparticles were fully characterized by different analytical techniques such as XRF, IR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, VSM and TGA. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited high basicity due to the presence of metal oxides, primarily basic K2O in the outer layer of Fe3O4 surfaces, and showed good catalytic activity for the synthesis of β-nitroalcohol via the Henry reaction at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was separated from the reaction medium by simply applying an external bar magnet making the process economical and less labor intensive. Furthermore, the catalyst can be reused up to the 4th cycle without much loss of its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunindra Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar Silchar-788010 Assam India +91 3842-224797 +91 3842 242915
| | - Kalyani Rajkumari
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar Silchar-788010 Assam India +91 3842-224797 +91 3842 242915
| | - Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar Silchar-788010 Assam India +91 3842-224797 +91 3842 242915
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14
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Rajkumari K, Das D, Pathak G, Rokhum SL. Waste-to-useful: a biowaste-derived heterogeneous catalyst for a green and sustainable Henry reaction. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05029e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the depletion of resources coupled with increasing waste generation, the conversion of waste biomass to value-added materials has gained interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Rajkumari
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Silchar
- Silchar-788010
- India
| | - Diparjun Das
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Silchar
- Silchar-788010
- India
| | - Gunindra Pathak
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Silchar
- Silchar-788010
- India
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Häring M, Tautz M, Alegre-Requena JV, Saldías C, Díaz Díaz D. Non-enzyme entrapping biohydrogels in catalysis. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Li P, Liu Y, Wang L, Tao M, Zhang W. Modified polyacrylonitrile fiber as a renewable heterogeneous base catalyst for Henry reaction and Gewald reaction in water. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Minli Tao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
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