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Trandabat AF, Ciobanu RC, Schreiner OD, Schreiner TG, Aradoaei S. Chemiresistors Based on Hybrid Nanostructures Obtained from Graphene and Conducting Polymers with Potential Use in Breath Methane Detection Associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5552. [PMID: 38791590 PMCID: PMC11121982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the process of producing chemiresistors based on hybrid nanostructures obtained from graphene and conducting polymers. The technology of graphene presumed the following: dispersion and support stabilization based on the chemical vapor deposition technique; transfer of the graphene to the substrate by spin-coating of polymethyl methacrylate; and thermal treatment and electrochemical delamination. For the process at T = 950 °C, a better settlement of the grains was noticed, with the formation of layers predominantly characterized by peaks and not by depressions. The technology for obtaining hybrid nanostructures from graphene and conducting polymers was drop-casting, with solutions of Poly(3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) and Poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-bithiophene] (F8T2). In the case of F8T2, compared to P3HT, a 10 times larger dimension of grain size and about 7 times larger distances between the peak clusters were noticed. To generate chemiresistors from graphene-polymer structures, an ink-jet printer was used, and the metallization was made with commercial copper ink for printed electronics, leading to a structure of a resistor with an active surface of about 1 cm2. Experimental calibration curves were plotted for both sensing structures, for a domain of CH4 of up to 1000 ppm concentration in air. A linearity of the curve for the low concentration of CH4 was noticed for the graphene structure with F8T2, presenting a sensitivity of about 6 times higher compared with the graphene structure with P3HT, which makes the sensing structure of graphene with F8T2 more feasible and reliable for the medical application of irritable bowel syndrome evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru F. Trandabat
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.T.); (O.D.S.); (T.G.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Romeo C. Ciobanu
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.T.); (O.D.S.); (T.G.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Oliver Daniel Schreiner
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.T.); (O.D.S.); (T.G.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Thomas Gabriel Schreiner
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.T.); (O.D.S.); (T.G.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Medical Specialties III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sebastian Aradoaei
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.T.); (O.D.S.); (T.G.S.); (S.A.)
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Kafle P, Huang S, Park KS, Zhang F, Yu H, Kasprzak CE, Kim H, Schroeder CM, van der Zande AM, Diao Y. Role of Interfacial Interactions in the Graphene-Directed Assembly of Monolayer Conjugated Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6984-6995. [PMID: 35613042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Development of graphene-organic hybrid electronics is one of the most promising directions for next-generation electronic materials. However, it remains challenging to understand the graphene-organic semiconductor interactions right at the interface, which is key to designing hybrid electronics. Herein, we study the influence of graphene on the multiscale morphology of solution-processed monolayers of conjugated polymers (PII-2T, DPP-BTz, DPP2T-TT, and DPP-T-TMS). The strong interaction between graphene and PII-2T was manifested in the high fiber density and high film coverage of monolayer films deposited on graphene compared to plasma SiO2 substrates. The monolayer films on graphene also exhibited a higher relative degree of crystallinity and dichroic ratio or polymer alignment, i.e., higher degree of order. Raman spectroscopy revealed the increased backbone planarity of the conjugated polymers upon deposition on graphene as well as the existence of electronic interaction across the interface. This speculation was further substantiated by the results of photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS) of PII-2T, which showed a decrease in binding energy of several atomic energy levels, movement of the Fermi level toward HOMO, and an increase in work function, all of which indicate p-doping of the polymer. Our results provide a new level of understanding on graphene-polymer interactions at nanoscopic interfaces and the consequent impact on multiscale morphology, which will aid in the design of efficient graphene-organic hybrid electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapti Kafle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kyung Sun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Caroline E Kasprzak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Kubarkov AV, Boeva ZA, Lindfors T, Sergeyev VG. Electrochemical synthesis of 3D microstructured composite films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and reduced nanographene oxide. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kormányos A, Hursán D, Janáky C. Photoelectrochemical Behavior of PEDOT/Nanocarbon Electrodes: Fundamentals and Structure-Property Relationships. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:13682-13690. [PMID: 29983842 PMCID: PMC6028895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the photoelectrochemical behavior of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/carbon nanotube (CNT) and PEDOT/graphene nanocomposite photoelectrodes for the first time. Electrodeposition allowed control of both the composition and the morphology (as demonstrated by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy images) and also ensured an intimate contact between the PEDOT film and the nanocarbon scaffold. The effect of CNT and graphene on the photoelectrochemical behavior of the nanocomposite samples was studied by linear sweep photovoltammetry, incident photon-to-charge-carrier conversion efficiency measurements, and long-term photoelectrolysis coupled with gas-chromatographic product analysis. We demonstrated that the nanocarbon framework facilitated efficient charge carrier transport, resulting in a 4-fold increase in the measured photocurrents for the PEDOT/CNT electrode, compared to the bare PEDOT counterpart. The presented results contribute to the better understanding of the enhanced photoelectrochemical behavior of organic semiconductor/nanocarbon electrode assemblies and might encourage other researchers to study these intriguing hybrid materials further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kormányos
- MTA-SZTE
“Lendület” Photoelectrochemistry Research Group, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Hursán
- MTA-SZTE
“Lendület” Photoelectrochemistry Research Group, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Janáky
- MTA-SZTE
“Lendület” Photoelectrochemistry Research Group, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- E-mail:
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