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Xu C, Cui K, Ye Z, Feng Y, Wang H, Liu HW. Recent Advances of Aminopeptidases-Responsive Small-Molecular Probes for Bioimaging. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400052. [PMID: 38436107 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Aminopeptidases, enzymes with critical roles in human body, are emerging as vital biomarkers for metabolic processes and diseases. Aberrant aminopeptidase levels are often associated with diseases, particularly cancer. Small-molecule probes, such as fluorescent, fluorescent/photoacoustics, bioluminescent, and chemiluminescent probes, are essential tools in the study of aminopeptidases-related diseases. The fluorescent probes provide real-time insights into protein activities, offering high sensitivity in specific locations, and precise spatiotemporal results. Additionally, photoacoustic probes offer signals that are able to penetrate deeper tissues. Bioluminescent and chemiluminescent probes can enhance in vivo imaging abilities by reducing the background. This comprehensive review is focused on small-molecule probes that respond to four key aminopeptidases: aminopeptidase N, leucine aminopeptidase, Pyroglutamate aminopeptidase 1, and Prolyl Aminopeptidase, and their utilization in imaging tumors and afflicted regions. In this review, the design strategy of small-molecule probes, the variety of designs from previous studies, and the opportunities of future bioimaging applications are discussed, serving as a roadmap for future research, sparking innovations in aminopeptidase-responsive probe development, and enhancing our understanding of these enzymes in disease diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Xu
- Department of Medicine, Shizhen College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550200, China
| | - Kaixi Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States
| | - Zhifei Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yurong Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Huabin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hong-Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
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2
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Zhang S, Ma M, Li J, Li J, Xu L, Gao D, Ma P, Han H, Song D. A Pyroglutamate Aminopeptidase 1 Responsive Fluorescence Imaging Probe for Real-Time Rapid Differentiation between Thyroiditis and Thyroid Cancer. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5897-5905. [PMID: 38557023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Current diagnostic methods for thyroid diseases, including blood tests, ultrasound, and biopsy, always have difficulty diagnosing thyroiditis accurately, occasionally mistaking it for thyroid cancer. To address this clinical challenge, we developed Ox-PGP1, a novel fluorescent probe realizing rapid, noninvasive, and real-time diagnostic techniques. This is the first imaging tool capable of noninvasively distinguishing between thyroiditis and thyroid cancer. Ox-PGP1 was introduced as a fluorescent probe custom-built for the specific detection and quantification of pyroglutamate aminopeptidase 1 (PGP-1), a known pivotal biomarker of inflammation. Ox-PGP1 overcame the disadvantages of traditional enzyme-responsive fluorescent probes that relied on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism, including the issue of high background fluorescence, while offering exceptional photostability under laser irradiation. The spectral properties of Ox-PGP1 were meticulously optimized to enhance its biocompatibility. Furthermore, the low limit of detection (LOD) of Ox-PGP1 was determined to be 0.09 μg/mL, which demonstrated its remarkable sensitivity and precision. Both cellular and in vivo experiments validated the capacity of Ox-PGP1 for accurate differentiation between normal, inflammatory, and cancerous thyroid cells. Furthermore, Ox-PGP1 showed the potential to rapidly and sensitively differentiate between autoimmune thyroiditis and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in a mouse model, achieving results in just 5 min. The successful design and application of Ox-PGP1 represent a substantial advancement in technology over traditional diagnostic approaches, potentially enabling earlier interventions for thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Mo Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jingkang Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lanlan Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dejiang Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hui Han
- Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
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3
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Iqbal H, Ilyas K, Akash MSH, Rehman K, Hussain A, Iqbal J. Real-time fluorescent monitoring of phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8837-8870. [PMID: 38495994 PMCID: PMC10941266 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This article explores the intricate landscape of advanced fluorescent probes crafted for the detection and real-time monitoring of phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Employing state-of-the-art technologies, such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer, intramolecular charge transfer, and solid-state luminescence enhancement, this article unfolds a multifaceted approach to unraveling the dynamics of enzymatic processes within living systems. This encompassing study involves the development and application of a diverse range of fluorescent probes, each intricately designed with tailored mechanisms to heighten sensitivity, providing dynamic insights into phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Understanding the role of phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in these pathophysiological processes, is essential for both medical research and clinical practice. This knowledge can guide the development of approaches to prevent, diagnose, and treat a broad spectrum of diseases and conditions. This adaptability underscores their potential clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and personalized medicine. Noteworthy are the trifunctional fluorogenic probes, uniquely designed not only for fluorescence-based cellular imaging but also for the isolation of cellular glycosidases. This innovative feature opens novel avenues for comprehensive studies in enzyme biology, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions. The research accentuates the selectivity and specificity of the probes, showcasing their proficiency in distinguishing various enzymes and their isoforms. The sophisticated design and successful deployment of these fluorescent probes mark significant advancements in enzymology, providing powerful tools for both researchers and clinicians. Beyond their immediate applications, these probes offer illuminating insights into disease mechanisms, facilitating early detection, and catalyzing the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. This work represents a substantial leap forward in the field, promising transformative implications for understanding and addressing complex biological processes. In essence, this research heralds a new era in the development of fluorescent probes, presenting a comprehensive and innovative approach that not only expands the understanding of cellular enzyme activities but also holds great promise for practical applications in clinical settings and therapeutic endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajra Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Kainat Ilyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University Multan Pakistan
| | - Amjad Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara Okara Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22044 Pakistan
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4
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Jiang H, Gong Q, Zhang R. Pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase 1 is a potential molecular target toward diagnosing and treating inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1301539. [PMID: 38098480 PMCID: PMC10720611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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5
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Rodriguez-Rios M, Megia-Fernandez A, Norman DJ, Bradley M. Peptide probes for proteases - innovations and applications for monitoring proteolytic activity. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2081-2120. [PMID: 35188510 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00798j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are excellent biomarkers for a variety of diseases, offer multiple opportunities for diagnostic applications and are valuable targets for therapy. From a chemistry-based perspective this review discusses and critiques the most recent advances in the field of substrate-based probes for the detection and analysis of proteolytic activity both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rodriguez-Rios
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Alicia Megia-Fernandez
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Daniel J Norman
- Technical University of Munich, Trogerstrasse, 30, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Mark Bradley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, UK.
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6
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Li H, Kim H, Xu F, Han J, Yao Q, Wang J, Pu K, Peng X, Yoon J. Activity-based NIR fluorescent probes based on the versatile hemicyanine scaffold: design strategy, biomedical applications, and outlook. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1795-1835. [PMID: 35142301 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a near-infrared (NIR, 650-900 nm) fluorescent chromophore hemicyanine dye with high structural tailorability is of great significance in the field of detection, bioimaging, and medical therapeutic applications. It exhibits many outstanding advantages including absorption and emission in the NIR region, tunable spectral properties, high photostability as well as a large Stokes shift. These properties are superior to those of conventional fluorogens, such as coumarin, fluorescein, naphthalimides, rhodamine, and cyanine. Researchers have made remarkable progress in developing activity-based multifunctional fluorescent probes based on hemicyanine skeletons for monitoring vital biomolecules in living systems through the output of fluorescence/photoacoustic signals, and integration of diagnosis and treatment of diseases using chemotherapy or photothermal/photodynamic therapy or combination therapy. These achievements prompted researchers to develop more smart fluorescent probes using a hemicyanine fluorogen as a template. In this review, we begin by describing the brief history of the discovery of hemicyanine dyes, synthetic approaches, and design strategies for activity-based functional fluorescent probes. Then, many selected hemicyanine-based probes that can detect ions, small biomolecules, overexpressed enzymes and diagnostic reagents for diseases are systematically highlighted. Finally, potential drawbacks and the outlook for future investigation and clinical medicine transformation of hemicyanine-based activatable functional probes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,Research Institute of Dalian University of Technology in Shenzhen, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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7
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Wang C, Tian Z, Zhang M, Deng Y, Tian X, Feng L, Cui J, James TD, Ma X. Visual identification of gut bacteria and determination of natural inhibitors using a fluorescent probe selective for PGP-1. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1191:339280. [PMID: 35033245 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PGP-1 is a bacterial hydrolase that can hydrolyze the amide bond of the l-pyroglutamate (L-pGlu) residue at the amino terminus of proteins and peptides. Guided by the biological function of PGP-1, an off-on NIR fluorescent probe DDPA was developed for the visual sensing of PGP-1 by conjugating pyroglutamic acid (recognition group) and DDAN (fluorophore). Using intestinal bacteria cultivation, eight bacteria strains with active PGP-1 were identified and cultivated efficiently using DDPA. In addition, three natural inhibitors against PGP-1 were isolated from the medical herb Psoralea corylifolia, which could be used to interfere with bacterial metabolism in the gut. As such, the fluorescent probe DDPA provides an efficient method and potential tool for the investigation of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhenhao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian, 116044, China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Jingnan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tony D James
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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8
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Jenni S, Renault K, Dejouy G, Debieu S, Laly M, Romieu A. In Situ Synthesis of Phenoxazine Dyes in Water: Application for "Turn‐On" Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Detection of Nitric Oxide. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Jenni
- Burgundy Franche-Comté University: Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 FRANCE
| | - Kévin Renault
- Burgundy Franche-Comté University: Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 FRANCE
| | - Garance Dejouy
- Burgundy Franche-Comté University: Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 FRANCE
| | - Sylvain Debieu
- Burgundy Franche-Comté University: Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 FRANCE
| | - Myriam Laly
- Burgundy Franche-Comté University: Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 FRANCE
| | - Anthony Romieu
- University of Burgundy Franche-Comté ICMUB - UMR CNRS 6302 Faculté des Sciences Mirande9, avenue Alain SavaryBP 47870 21078 Dijon FRANCE
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9
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Bai H, Fang B, Wang X, Qin W, Chen Y, Zhang D, Li Y, Peng B, Yang X, Fu L, Li L. Two-photon fluorogenic probe for visualizing PGP-1 activity in inflammatory tissues and serum from patients. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13186-13189. [PMID: 34816269 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A PGP-1-specific one/two-photon fluorogenic probe (BH1), capable of high sensitivity, super selectivity, and visual imaging of endogenous PGP-1 activity from live mammalian cells and serum/skin tissues from patients by using one/two-photon fluorescence microscopy (O/TPFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China. .,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Xujie Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yuhe Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Dongliang Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China. .,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
| | - Xuekang Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.
| | - Li Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China.
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10
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Guo WY, Li RR, Fu YX, Liu SY, Liu GZ, Yang WC, Yang GF. Pyroglutamate Aminopeptidase I Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma via IL-6/STAT3 Activation as Revealed by a Specific Biosensor. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13311-13318. [PMID: 34569224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
As a global health challenge, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is strongly associated with chronic inflammation. Targeting inflammation, particularly inflammatory factors, is regarded as an important strategy for HCC diagnosis and treatment. Pyroglutamic aminopeptidase I (PGP-I), a common exopeptidase, was recently identified as a novel inflammatory cytokine in cells. However, whether PGP-I is involved in HCC development and can be regarded as a biomarker remains unclear. To address this issue, endogenous PGP-I was imaged in live cells and in vivo, and the related biochemical and pathological processes were analyzed accordingly with a newly developed fluorogenic PGP-I biosensor. Bioimaging with the specific biosensor demonstrated the aberrant expression of PGP-I in HCC cell lines and tumor-bearing nude mice. Moreover, overexpression of PGP-I in HCC cells promoted tumor progression, whereas knockdown of PGP-I significantly suppressed tumor cell growth and migration. The activity of PGP-I was further identified to be highly related to the phosphorylation of STAT3, which could be impeded by the natural product parthenolide. Collectively, these findings suggest that PGP-I, which can promote hepatocellular tumor progression through the classical inflammation-/tumor-related IL-6/STAT3 pathway, may serve as a potential HCC biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Yingzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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11
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Kuipers A, Balaskó M, Pétervári E, Koller A, Brunner SM, Moll GN, Kofler B. Intranasal Delivery of a Methyllanthionine-Stabilized Galanin Receptor-2-Selective Agonist Reduces Acute Food Intake. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2737-2752. [PMID: 34859381 PMCID: PMC8804135 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory (neuro)peptide galanin is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where it mediates its effects via three G protein-coupled receptors (GAL1-3R). Galanin has a vast diversity of biological functions, including modulation of feeding behavior. However, the clinical application of natural galanin is not practicable due to its rapid in vivo breakdown by peptidases and lack of receptor subtype specificity. Much effort has been put into the development of receptor-selective agonists and antagonists, and while receptor selectivity has been attained to some degree, most ligands show overlapping affinity. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel ligand with specificity to a single galanin receptor subtype and increased stability. To achieve this, a lanthionine amino acid was enzymatically introduced into a galanin-related peptide. The residue's subsequent cyclization created a conformational constraint which increased the peptide's receptor specificity and proteolytic resistance. Further exchange of certain other amino acids resulted in a novel methyllanthionine-stabilized galanin receptor agonist, a G1pE-T3N-S6A-G12A-methyllanthionine[13-16]-galanin-(1-17) variant, termed M89b. M89b has exclusive specificity for GAL2R and a prolonged half-life in serum. Intranasal application of M89b to unfasted rats significantly reduced acute 24 h food intake inducing a drop in body weight. Combined administration of M89b and M871, a selective GAL2R antagonist, abolished the anorexigenic effect of M89b, indicating that the effect of M89b on food intake is indeed mediated by GAL2R. This is the first demonstration of in vivo activity of an intranasally administered lanthipeptide. Consequently, M89b is a promising candidate for clinical application as a galanin-related peptide-based therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Kuipers
- Lanthio Health B.V., Rozenburglaan 13B, 9727 DL, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Márta Balaskó
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti út, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pétervári
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti út, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreas Koller
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Susanne M Brunner
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gert N Moll
- Lanthio Health B.V., Rozenburglaan 13B, 9727 DL, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
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12
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Yue J, Wang N, Wang J, Tao Y, Wang H, Liu J, Zhang J, Jiao J, Zhao W. Three asymmetric BODIPY derivatives as fluorescent probes for highly selective and sensitive detection of cysteine in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:2908-2914. [PMID: 34156044 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00740h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biothiols are widely involved in various important physiological activities and play a significant role in maintaining redox homeostasis in living organisms. Herein, we designed and synthesized three new asymmetric fluorescent probes (BDP-S-Ph, BDP-S-ENE and BDP-S-R) to discriminate Cys from Hcy/GSH. These probes reacted with Cys to form meso-amino-BODIPYs via SNAr substitution-rearrangement, thereby inducing a fluorescence turn-on effect. Moreover, they could selectively and sensitively detect Cys in solution with low detection limits (50 nM, 28 nM and 87 nM, respectively). Through comparing the response rates of the three probes to Cys, we concluded that the increase of conformational restrictions led to a decrease in probe reactivity. Besides, the sensing mechanism was demonstrated by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, cell experiments indicated that the probes were able to image exogenous and endogenous Cys through green or red channels in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Yue
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Nannan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfang Tao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Jinying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Junrong Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Weili Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China. and School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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13
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Rajapaksha AA, Fu YX, Guo WY, Liu SY, Li ZW, Xiong CQ, Yang WC, Yang GF. Review on the recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes targeting enzymes. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 9. [PMID: 33873170 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/abf988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are very important for biological processes in a living being, performing similar or multiple tasks in and out of cells, tissues and other organisms at a particular location. The abnormal activity of particular enzyme usually caused serious diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. Hence, nondestructive and real-time visualization for certain enzyme is very important for understanding the biological issues, as well as the drug administration and drug metabolism. Fluorescent cellular probe-based enzyme detectionin vitroandin vivohas become broad interest for human disease diagnostics and therapeutics. This review highlights the recent findings and designs of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent cellular probes targeting enzymes for quantitative analysis and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanka Amith Rajapaksha
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nano Science Technology, Faculty of Technology, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi-Xuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yingzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Qin Xiong
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital-Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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14
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Hu S, Chen X, Qin X, Dong G, Lin Y, Gai W, Zhao H, Ke B, Li M. A bioluminescent probe for in vivo imaging of pyroglutamate aminopeptidase in a mouse model of inflammation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 43:128049. [PMID: 33882272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pyroglutamate aminopeptidase (PGP) specifically cleaves the peptide bond of pyroglutamic acid linked to the N-terminal end of a polypeptide or protein. Previous studies showed that PGP was associated with several physiological processes and diseases especially those involving inflammation. Utilizing a 'caging' strategy, we designed and synthesized a bioluminescence probe (PBL) with a limit-of-detection of 3.7 * 10-4 mU/mL. In vivo imaging in a mouse model of inflammatory liver disease revealed that the probe has excellent sensitivity and selectivity and provides a powerful tool for studying the physiological and pathological processes involving PGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Laboratory of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Laboratory of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Gaopan Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuxing Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenrui Gai
- Laboratory of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Laboratory of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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15
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Cao T, Zhang L, Zheng L, Qian J, Iqbal A, Iqbal K, Qin W, Liu Y. A ratiometric fluorescent sensor for rapid detection of the pyroglutamate aminopeptidase-1 in mouse tumors. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4546-4554. [PMID: 34046652 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pyroglutamate aminopeptidase-1 (PGP-1) is an important enzyme that plays an indispensable role in the process of inflammation. Up to now, few reports have been reported on the detection of PGP-1 activity in vivo and in vitro, and there are no reports on ratiometric detection. Here, the first red-emitting ratiometric fluorescent sensor (DP-1) for the specific detection of PGP-1 both in vivo and in vitro was designed and synthesized by using DCD-NH2 as the luminescent parent and pyroglutamate as a recognition group. After interacting with PGP-1, the amide bond is hydrolyzed by the enzyme and the color of the solution changes from yellow (λabs = 420 nm) to red (λabs = 520 nm), accompanied by obvious fluorescence emission wavelength change (from ∼564 nm to ∼616 nm). The probe has high specificity and sensitivity towards PGP-1 in about 10 min, and the DL is as low as 0.25 ng mL-1. Interestingly, under the stimulation of Freund's incomplete adjuvant and lipopolysaccharide, the imaging of DP-1 in HepG2 and RAW264 cells shows that the expression of PGP-1 is associated with inflammation. What's more, for the first, the imaging of a mouse tumor model confirms that the enzyme is closely related to the occurrence of some inflammation and tumor diseases. These results indicate that DP-1 can be used as an effective tool for real-time monitoring of PGP-1 levels both in vivo and in vitro and the study of inflammatory tumor pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Qian
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Anam Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Wenwu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China.
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16
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Wu X, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. Recognition Moieties of Small Molecular Fluorescent Probes for Bioimaging of Enzymes. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1892-1904. [PMID: 31243972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are a class of important substances for life, and their abnormal levels are associated with many diseases. Thus, great progress has been made in the past decade in detecting and imaging enzymes in living biosystems, and in this respect fluorescent probes combined with confocal microscopy have attracted much attention because of their high sensitivity and unrivaled spatiotemporal resolution. Fluorescent probes are usually composed of three moieties: a signal or fluorophore moiety, a recognition or labeling moiety, and an appropriate linker to connect the two aforementioned moieties. At present, however, research and reviews on enzymatic probes mostly focus on fluorophores and/or linkers, whereas those on the recognition moiety are relatively few. Moreover, current enzymatic probes with some recognition moieties have drawbacks such as poor selectivity, high background fluorescence, or/and low sensitivity and are unsatisfactory for practical applications. Thus, developing new recognition moieties with higher specificity or/and sensitivity to the enzyme of interest is very desirable but still challenging. In this Account, we introduce the recognition moieties of fluorescent probes for several enzymes, including tyrosinase, monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), nitroreductase (NTR), and aminopeptidases. Highlights are given on how new specific recognition moieties of tyrosinase and MAO-A were designed to eliminate the interference by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MAO-B, respectively. Here we present four recent examples in which designed fluorescent probes are employed to image enzymes in living biosystems. The first example shows that 3-hydroxyphenyl can serve as a new and more specific recognition moiety than the traditional 4-hydroxyphenyl group for tyrosinase, enabling the development of a highly selective fluorescent probe for imaging of tyrosinase without interference by ROS. The second presents a general design strategy for fluorescent probes specific for an enzyme, which involves combining the characteristic structure of an inhibitor of the target enzyme along with its traditional reactive group as a new recognition moiety, and successfully demonstrates it by selective detection of MAO-A in the presence of its isomeric MAO-B. The third mainly illustrates that 5-nitrothiophen-2-yl alcohol with a stronger electron-donating S atom is a better fluorescence quenching and recognition moiety than 5-nitrofuran-2-yl alcohol for NTR, leading to the development of a highly sensitive method for NTR assay. Lastly, on the basis of known observations, we show that besides the specific interaction with the target, another function of some recognition moieties may be responsible for tuning the fluorescence signal, which is exemplified by the linking of several aminopeptidases' recognition moieties to the free hydroxyl or amino group of different fluorophores. It is our wish that this Account will promote the appearance of more specific recognition moieties and fluorescent probes with excellent properties and that new biofunctions of the enzymes will be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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17
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Zhang J, Chai X, He XP, Kim HJ, Yoon J, Tian H. Fluorogenic probes for disease-relevant enzymes. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:683-722. [PMID: 30520895 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00907k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional biochemical methods for enzyme detection are mainly based on antibody-based immunoassays, which lack the ability to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution and, in particular, the in situ activity of enzymes in live cells and in vivo. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent progress that has been made in the development of small-molecule as well as material-based fluorogenic probes for sensitive detection of the activities of enzymes that are related to a number of human diseases. The principles utilized to design these probes as well as their applications are reviewed. Specific attention is given to fluorogenic probes that have been developed for analysis of the activities of enzymes including oxidases and reductases, those that act on biomacromolecules including DNAs, proteins/peptides/amino acids, carbohydrates and lipids, and those that are responsible for translational modifications. We envision that this review will serve as an ideal reference for practitioners as well as beginners in relevant research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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18
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Gong Q, Zou R, Xing J, Xiang L, Zhang R, Wu A. A Ultrasensitive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe Reveals Pyroglutamate Aminopeptidase 1 Can Be a New Inflammatory Cytokine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700664. [PMID: 29721415 PMCID: PMC5908353 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous study showed that pyroglutamate aminopeptidase 1 (PGP-1) has a relationship with the immune response in cells. However, whether PGP-1 is involved in inflammatory response in vivo and can serve as a new inflammatory cytokine are still unclear. To address these issues, a new near-infrared fluorescent probe, which exhibits high selectivity and super sensitivity, is developed. With this probe, the up-regulation of PGP-1 (evidenced by western blot) in BALB/c mice legs and livers under the stimulation of two main immunopotentiators is revealed for the first time. The occurrence of inflammatory process (including tissue necrosis) in mice is determined by up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Interestingly, it is revealed for the first time that knocking down PGP-1 leads to the weakness of inflammatory process in RAW264.7 cells. These new findings suggest that PGP-1 is indeed involved in inflammatory response in vivo and can be a new inflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesCAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province& Division of Functional, Materials and NanodevicesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1219 ZhongGuan West RoadNingbo315201China
| | - Ruifen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesCAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province& Division of Functional, Materials and NanodevicesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1219 ZhongGuan West RoadNingbo315201China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jie Xing
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesCAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province& Division of Functional, Materials and NanodevicesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1219 ZhongGuan West RoadNingbo315201China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lingchao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesCAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province& Division of Functional, Materials and NanodevicesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1219 ZhongGuan West RoadNingbo315201China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine BiologyInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesCAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province& Division of Functional, Materials and NanodevicesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1219 ZhongGuan West RoadNingbo315201China
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19
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Xing J, Gong Q, Zou R, Li Z, Xia Y, Yu Z, Ye Y, Xiang L, Wu A. A novel fibroblast activation protein-targeted near-infrared fluorescent off-on probe for cancer cell detection, in vitro and in vivo imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1449-1451. [PMID: 32254208 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb03303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new hemicyanine-based fibroblast activation protein-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe is designed and it shows high selectivity and sensitivity to cancer cell detection, and in vitro and in vivo imaging. This probe is successfully applied in fluorescence detection of living cells (with a detection limit of 1500 cells per mL). It is believed that many new functions or distributions of FAP could be discovered by this new probe later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xing
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, CAS & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, 315201, Ningbo, China.
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20
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Liu HW, Chen L, Xu C, Li Z, Zhang H, Zhang XB, Tan W. Recent progresses in small-molecule enzymatic fluorescent probes for cancer imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7140-7180. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00862g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An overview of recent advances in small-molecule enzymatic fluorescent probes for cancer imaging, including design strategies and cancer imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wen Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Chengyan Xu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Zhe Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
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21
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Wang P, Zhang J, Liu HW, Hu XX, Feng LL, Yin X, Zhang XB. An efficient two-photon fluorescent probe for measuring γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity during the oxidative stress process in tumor cells and tissues. Analyst 2017; 142:1813-1820. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00229g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel TP excited fluorescent probe for GGT detection and bioimaging in an oxidative stress model in living cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Hong-Wen Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Xiao-Xiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Li-Li Feng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Xia Yin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Hunan University
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22
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Gong Q, Shi W, Li L, Wu X, Ma H. Ultrasensitive Fluorescent Probes Reveal an Adverse Action of Dipeptide Peptidase IV and Fibroblast Activation Protein during Proliferation of Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8309-14. [PMID: 27444320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptide peptidase IV (DPPIV) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) are isoenzymes. Evidence shows that DPPIV is related to antitumor immunity, and FAP may be a drug target in cancer therapy, making it seem that the two enzymes might have a synergistic role during the proliferation of cancer cells. Surprisingly, herein, we find an adverse action of DPPIV and FAP in the proliferation process by analyzing their changes with two tailor-made ultrasensitive fluorescent probes. First, the up-regulation of DPPIV and down-regulation of FAP in cancer cells under the stimulation of genistein are detected. Then, we find that MGC803 cells with a higher FAP but lower DPPIV level than SGC7901 cells exhibit a faster proliferation rate. Importantly, inhibiting the DPPIV expression with siRNA increases the proliferation rate of MGC803 cells, whereas the FAP inhibition decreases the rate. These findings suggest that the two enzymes play an adverse role during the proliferation of cancer cells, which provides us a new viewpoint for cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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