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Waly SMA, Benniston AC, Harriman A. Deducing the conformational space for an octa-proline helix. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1657-1671. [PMID: 38303943 PMCID: PMC10829019 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05287g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A molecular dyad, PY-P8-PER, comprising a proline octamer sandwiched between pyrene and perylene terminals has been synthesized in order to address the dynamics of electronic energy transfer (EET) along the oligo-proline chain. A simple pyrene-based control compound equipped with a bis-proline attachment serves as a reference for spectroscopic studies. The N-H NMR signal at the terminal pyrene allows distinction between cis and trans amides and, although the crystal structure for the control has the trans conformation, temperature-dependent NMR studies provide clear evidence for trans/cis isomerisation in D6-DMSO. Polar solvents tend to stabilise the trans structure for the pyrene amide group, even for longer oligo-proline units. Circular dichroism shows that the proline spacer for PY-P8-PER exists mainly in the all-trans geometry in methanol. Preferential excitation of the pyrene chromophore is possible at wavelengths in the 320-350 nm range and, for the dyad, is followed by efficacious EET to the perylene emitter. The probability for intramolecular EET, obtained from analysis of steady-state spectroscopic data, is ca. 80-90% in solvents of disparate polarity. Comparison with the Förster critical distance suggests the terminals are ca. 18 Å apart. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, in conjunction with DFT calculations, indicates the dyad exists as a handful of conformers displaying a narrow range of EET rates. Optimisation of a distributive model allows accurate simulation of the EET dynamics in terms of reasonable structures based on isomerisation of certain amide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M A Waly
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Bedson Building, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Andrew C Benniston
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Bedson Building, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Anthony Harriman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Bedson Building, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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Navrátilová T, Tatar A, Havlík M, Hajduch J, Drozdová M, Gurung K, Palatinus L, Čejka J, Sedláček J, Anzenbacher P, Dolenský B. Preparation and Characterization of Metalloporphyrin Tröger’s and Spiro-Tröger’s Base Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15178-15186. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Navrátilová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ameneh Tatar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havlík
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Drozdová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kshitij Gurung
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Palatinus
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Čejka
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Sedláček
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Bohumil Dolenský
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Fan Y, Zeng Z, Shu H, Zhou M, Xu L, Rao Y, Gu T, Liang X, Zhu W, Song J. Two- and three-dimensional β,β′-N-heterocycle fused porphyrins: concise construction, singlet oxygen production and electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01161h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2D and 3D porphyrins fused with N-heterocycles were prepared by palladium-catalyzed. Photophysical and electrochemical properties, 1O2 production and electrocatalytic HER behaviours of the representative porphyrins were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Hui Shu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Yutao Rao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
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4
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Philip AM, Hsu CC, Wei Z, Fridriksson MB, Grozema FC, Jager WF. Directing charge transfer in perylene based light-harvesting antenna molecules. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:144302. [PMID: 33086833 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Directing energy and charge transfer processes in light-harvesting antenna systems is quintessential for optimizing the efficiency of molecular devices for artificial photosynthesis. In this work, we report a novel synthetic method to construct two regioisomeric antenna molecules (1-D2A2 and 7-D2A2), in which the 4-(n-butylamino)naphthalene monoimide energy and electron donor is attached to the perylene monoimide diester (PMIDE) acceptor at the 1- and 7-bay positions, respectively. The non-symmetric structure of PMIDE renders a polarized distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals along the long axis of this acceptor moiety, which differentiates the electron coupling between the donor, attached at either the 1- or the 7-position, and the acceptor. We demonstrate that directional control of the photo-driven charge transfer process has been obtained by engineering the molecular structure of the light-harvesting antenna molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey M Philip
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chao Chun Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Zimu Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus B Fridriksson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand C Grozema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wolter F Jager
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Zarrabi N, Seetharaman S, Chaudhuri S, Holzer N, Batista VS, van der Est A, D'Souza F, Poddutoori PK. Decelerating Charge Recombination Using Fluorinated Porphyrins in N,N-Bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)aniline-Aluminum(III) Porphyrin-Fullerene Reaction Center Models. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10008-10024. [PMID: 32343561 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In supramolecular reaction center models, the lifetime of the charge-separated state depends on many factors. However, little attention has been paid to the redox potential of the species that lie between the donor and acceptor in the final charge separated state. Here, we report on a series of self-assembled aluminum porphyrin-based triads that provide a unique opportunity to study the influence of the porphyrin redox potential independently of other factors. The triads, BTMPA-Im→AlPorFn-Ph-C60 (n = 0, 3, 5), were constructed by linking the fullerene (C60) and bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)aniline (BTMPA) to the aluminum(III) porphyrin. The porphyrin (AlPor, AlPorF3, or AlPorF5) redox potentials are tuned by the substitution of phenyl (Ph), 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl (PhF3), or 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl (PhF5) groups in its meso positions. The C60 and BTMPA units are bound axially to opposite faces of the porphyrin plane via covalent and coordination bonds, respectively. Excitation of all of the triads results in sequential electron transfer that generates the identical final charge separated state, BTMPA•+-Im→AlPorFn-Ph-C60•-, which lies energetically 1.50 eV above the ground state. Despite the fact that the radical pair is identical in all of the triads, remarkably, the lifetime of the BTMPA•+-Im→AlPorFn-Ph-C60•- radical pair was found to be very different in each of them, that is, 1240, 740, and 56 ns for BTMPA-Im→AlPorF5-Ph-C60, BTMPA-Im→AlPorF3-Ph-C60, and BTMPA-Im→AlPor-Ph-C60, respectively. These results clearly suggest that the charge recombination is an activated process that depends on the midpoint potential of the central aluminum(III) porphyrin (AlPorFn).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Zarrabi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1038 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Sairaman Seetharaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, # 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Subhajyoti Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Noah Holzer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1038 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Art van der Est
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, # 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1038 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
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6
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7
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Zenkevich EI. Еxcitation Energy Relaxation Processes Involving Chlorophyll Molecules In Vitro: Solutions and Self-Organized Nanoassemblies. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219120442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Im SW, Ha H, Yang W, Jang JH, Kang B, Seo DH, Seo J, Nam KT. Light polarization dependency existing in the biological photosystem and possible implications for artificial antenna systems. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 143:205-220. [PMID: 31643017 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The processes of biological photosynthesis provide inspiration and valuable lessons for artificial energy collection, transfer, and conversion systems. The extraordinary efficiency of each sequential process of light to biomass conversion originates from the unique architecture and mechanism of photosynthetic proteins. Near 100% quantum efficiency of energy transfer in biological photosystems is achieved by the chlorophyll assemblies in antenna complexes, which also exhibit a significant degree of light polarization. The three-dimensional chiral assembly of chlorophylls is an optimized biological architecture that enables maximum energy transfer efficiency with precisely designed coupling between chlorophylls. In this review, we summarize the key lessons from the photosynthetic processes in biological photosystems, and move our focus to energy transfer mechanisms and the chiral structure of the chlorophyll assembly. Then, we introduce recent approaches and possible implications to realize the biological energy transfer processes on bioinspired scaffold-based artificial antenna systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Heonjin Ha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Woojin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Boyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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9
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Krug M, Stangel C, Zieleniewska A, Clark T, Torres T, Coutsolelos AG, Guldi DM. Combining Zinc Phthalocyanines, Oligo(p-Phenylenevinylenes), and Fullerenes to Impact Reorganization Energies and Attenuation Factors. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2806-2815. [PMID: 31471925 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A study on electron transfer in three electron donor-acceptor complexes is reported. These architectures consist of a zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) as the excited-state electron donor and a fullerene (C60 ) as the ground-state electron acceptor. These complexes are brought together by axial coordination at ZnPc. The key variable in our design is the length of the molecular spacer, namely, oligo-p-phenylenevinylenes. The lack of appreciable ground-state interactions is in accordance with strong excited-state interactions, as inferred from the quenching of ZnPc centered fluorescence and the presence of a short-lived fluorescence component. Full-fledged femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy assays corroborated that the ZnPc ⋅ + -C60 ⋅ - charge-separated state formation comes at the expense of excited-state interactions following ZnPc photoexcitation. At a first glance, the ZnPc ⋅ + -C60 ⋅ - charge-separated state lifetime increased from 0.4 to 86.6 ns as the electron donor-acceptor separation increased from 8.8 to 29.1 Å. A closer look at the kinetics revealed that the changes in charge-separated state lifetime are tied to a decrease in the electronic coupling element from 132 to 1.2 cm-1 , an increase in the reorganization energy of charge transfer from 0.43 to 0.63 eV, and a large attenuation factor of 0.27 Å-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Krug
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuernberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Stangel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece
| | - Anna Zieleniewska
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuernberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuernberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tomás Torres
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday, 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 -, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Athanassios G Coutsolelos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuernberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Xu J, Tong X, Yu P, Wenya GE, McGrath T, Fong MJ, Wu J, Wang ZM. Ultrafast Dynamics of Charge Transfer and Photochemical Reactions in Solar Energy Conversion. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800221. [PMID: 30581691 PMCID: PMC6299728 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
For decades, ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy has found its way into an increasing number of applications. It has become a vital technique to investigate energy conversion processes and charge transfer dynamics in optoelectronic systems such as solar cells and solar-driven photocatalytic applications. The understanding of charge transfer and photochemical reactions can help optimize and improve the performance of relevant devices with solar energy conversion processes. Here, the fundamental principles of photochemical and photophysical processes in photoinduced reactions, in which the fundamental charge carrier dynamic processes include interfacial electron transfer, singlet excitons, triplet excitons, excitons fission, and recombination, are reviewed. Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy techniques provide a good understanding of the energy/electron transfer processes. These processes, including excited state generation and interfacial energy/electron transfer, are dominate constituents of solar energy conversion applications, for example, dye-sensitized solar cells and photocatalysis. An outlook for intrinsic electron/energy transfer dynamics via TA spectroscopic characterization is provided, establishing a foundation for the rational design of solar energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Yin Xu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Gideon Evans Wenya
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Thomas McGrath
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLancashireLA14YWUK
| | | | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringUniversity College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E7JEUK
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
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11
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Mimicry and functions of photosynthetic reaction centers. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1279-1288. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20170298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The structure and function of photosynthetic reaction centers (PRCs) have been modeled by designing and synthesizing electron donor–acceptor ensembles including electron mediators, which can mimic multi-step photoinduced charge separation occurring in PRCs to obtain long-lived charge-separated states. PRCs in photosystem I (PSI) or/and photosystem II (PSII) have been utilized as components of solar cells to convert solar energy to electric energy. Biohybrid photoelectrochemical cells composed of PSII have also been developed for solar-driven water splitting into H2 and O2. Such a strategy to bridge natural photosynthesis with artificial photosynthesis is discussed in this minireview.
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12
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Abstract
Half-sandwich iridium(iii) and cobalt(iii) porphyrin-C60 co-crystals, C60·IrIII(ttp)Ph and C60·CoIII(ttp)Ph/C7H8, and triangular-sandwich C60·3IrIII(ttp)Ph, where ttp = tetra-p-tolylporphyrinato dianion, were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Tat To
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kin Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- People's Republic of China
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El-Khouly ME, El-Mohsnawy E, Fukuzumi S. Solar energy conversion: From natural to artificial photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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14
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Influence of Nanotechnology and the Role of Nanostructures in Biomimetic Studies and Their Potential Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2017; 2:biomimetics2020007. [PMID: 31105170 PMCID: PMC6477628 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics2020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of nanotechnology, by looking further deep down into the molecular level, today, we are able to understand basic and applied sciences even better than ever before. Not only has nanoscience and nanotechnology allowed us to study the composing structures of materials in detail, it has also allowed us to fabricate and synthesize such nanostructures using top-down and bottom-up approaches. One such field, which has been significantly influenced by the dawn of nanotechnology is biomimetics. With powerful spectroscopic and microscopic tools presenting us with images like double nanostructured pillars on the lotus surface for superhydrophobicity, the conical protuberances of moth eye demonstrating anti-reflection properties and nanostructured spatulae of gecko feet for high adhesivity, we are now able to fabricate these structures in the lab with properties showing close resemblance to their natural counterparts. Here, we present a review of various nanostructures that exist in nature, their fabrication techniques and some of their promising future applications. We hope this review will provide the reader with a basic understanding of what biomimetics is and how nanotechnology has significantly influenced this field.
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El-Khouly ME, El-Refaey A, Nam W, Fukuzumi S, Göktuğ Ö, Durmuş M. A subphthalocyanine–pyrene dyad: electron transfer and singlet oxygen generation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1512-1518. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Good combination! Electron transfer of the light harvesting dyad composed of the curved π-conjugation of subphthalocyanine and the planar π-conjugation of pyrene via an axial approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. El-Khouly
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Kafrelsheikh University
- Kafrelsheikh 33516
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Refaey
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Kafrelsheikh University
- Kafrelsheikh 33516
- Egypt
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Korea
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
| | - Özge Göktuğ
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Gebze Technical University University
- Gebze 41400
- Turkey
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Gebze Technical University University
- Gebze 41400
- Turkey
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Abstract
David Craig (1919–2015) left us with a lasting legacy concerning basic understanding of chemical spectroscopy and bonding. This is expressed in terms of some of the recent achievements of my own research career, with a focus on integration of Craig’s theories with those of Noel Hush to solve fundamental problems in photosynthesis, molecular electronics (particularly in regard to the molecules synthesized by Maxwell Crossley), and self-assembled monolayer structure and function. Reviewed in particular is the relation of Craig’s legacy to: the 50-year struggle to assign the visible absorption spectrum of arguably the world’s most significant chromophore, chlorophyll; general theories for chemical bonding and structure extending Hush’s adiabatic theory of electron-transfer processes; inelastic electron-tunnelling spectroscopy (IETS); chemical quantum entanglement and the Penrose–Hameroff model for quantum consciousness; synthetic design strategies for NMR quantum computing; Gibbs free-energy measurements and calculations for formation and polymorphism of organic self-assembled monolayers on graphite surfaces from organic solution; and understanding the basic chemical processes involved in the formation of gold surfaces and nanoparticles protected by sulfur-bound ligands, ligands whose form is that of Au0-thiyl rather than its commonly believed AuI-thiolate tautomer.
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