1
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Zhao X, Qian Y, Hu S, Tian Y. Synthesis, anticancer activity and mechanism of action of Fe(III) complexes. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22264. [PMID: 39329226 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
To inhibit the growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), two Fe(III) thiosemicarbazone complexes (Fe1 and Fe2) were designed and synthesized. The structures of the Fe(III) complexes were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The antiproliferative activity of Fe1 and Fe2 against four cancer lines (MDA-MB-231, T98G, HepG2, 143B) and human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) was evaluated by MTT assay. Among all cells, Fe2 showed significant cytotoxicity to TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231), with an IC50 value of 12.38 μM. Furthermore, Fe2 showed less toxicity to HK-2 cells. The two Fe(III) complexes can produce excess of reactive oxygen species, decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, and induce DNA damage, then lead to apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, Fe1 and Fe2 can also inhibit migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. This study provides guidance for the development of metal complexes that inhibit the growth and metastasis of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingbiao Tian
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
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2
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Hao D, Luo W, Yan Y, Zhou J. Focus on cuproptosis: Exploring new mechanisms and therapeutic application prospects of cuproptosis regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117182. [PMID: 39053428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, which plays an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Despite the increasing research on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and their correlation with diseases, the pathogenesis of cuproptosis-related diseases remains unclear. Furthermore, there is a lack of reviews on the emerging technologies for regulating cuproptosis in disease treatment. This study delves into the copper-induced cell death mechanism, distinguishing cuproptosis from mechanisms like oxidative stress, glutathione synthesis inhibition, and ubiquitin-proteasome system inhibition. Several long-standing mysteries of diseases such as Wilson's disease and Menkes disease may be attributed to the occurrence of cuproptosis. In addition, we also review the detection indicators related to cuproptosis, providing targets for the diagnosis of cuproptosis-related diseases, and summarize the application value of cuproptosis in tumor therapy to better elucidate the impact of copper in cell death and diseases, and thus to promote the application prospects and possible strategies of cuproptosis-related substances, such as copper ion chelators, copper ion carriers, and copper nanomaterials, in disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Hao
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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3
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Wang Y, Pei P, Yang K, Guo L, Li Y. Copper in colorectal cancer: From copper-related mechanisms to clinical cancer therapies. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1724. [PMID: 38804588 PMCID: PMC11131360 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper, a trace element and vital cofactor, plays a crucial role in the maintenance of biological functions. Recent evidence has established significant correlations between copper levels, cancer development and metastasis. The strong redox-active properties of copper offer both benefits and disadvantages to cancer cells. The intestinal tract, which is primarily responsible for copper uptake and regulation, may suffer from an imbalance in copper homeostasis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent primary cancer of the intestinal tract and is an aggressive malignant disease with limited therapeutic options. Current research is primarily focused on the relationship between copper and CRC. Innovative concepts, such as cuproplasia and cuproptosis, are being explored to understand copper-related cellular proliferation and death. Cuproplasia is the regulation of cell proliferation that is mediated by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic copper-modulated activities. Whereas, cuproptosis refers to cell death induced by excess copper via promoting the abnormal oligomerisation of lipoylated proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as by diminishing the levels of iron-sulphur cluster proteins. A comprehensive understanding of copper-related cellular proliferation and death mechanisms offers new avenues for CRC treatment. In this review, we summarise the evolving molecular mechanisms, ranging from abnormal intracellular copper concentrations to the copper-related proteins that are being discovered, and discuss the role of copper in the pathogenesis, progression and potential therapies for CRC. Understanding the relationship between copper and CRC will help provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for innovative treatment strategies in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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4
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Dharmasivam M, Kaya B, Wijesinghe TP, Richardson V, Harmer JR, Gonzalvez MA, Lewis W, Azad MG, Bernhardt PV, Richardson DR. Differential transmetallation of complexes of the anti-cancer thiosemicarbazone, Dp4e4mT: effects on anti-proliferative efficacy, redox activity, oxy-myoglobin and oxy-hemoglobin oxidation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:974-990. [PMID: 38239703 PMCID: PMC10793205 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05723b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The di-2-pyridylthiosemicarbazone (DpT) analogs demonstrate potent and selective anti-proliferative activity against human tumors. The current investigation reports the synthesis and chemical and biological characterization of the Fe(iii), Co(iii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii), Ga(iii), and Pd(ii) complexes of the promising second generation DpT analog, di-2-pyridylketone-4-ethyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp4e4mT). These studies demonstrate that the Dp4e4mT Co(iii), Ni(ii), and Pd(ii) complexes display distinct biological activity versus those with Cu(ii), Zn(ii), and Ga(iii) regarding anti-proliferative efficacy against cancer cells and a detrimental off-target effect involving oxidation of oxy-myoglobin (oxy-Mb) and oxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb). With regards to anti-proliferative activity, the Zn(ii) and Ga(iii) Dp4e4mT complexes demonstrate facile transmetallation with Cu(ii), resulting in efficacy against tumor cells that is strikingly similar to the Dp4e4mT Cu(ii) complex (IC50: 0.003-0.006 μM and 72 h). Relative to the Zn(ii) and Ga(iii) Dp4e4mT complexes, the Dp4e4mT Ni(ii) complex demonstrates kinetically slow transmetallation with Cu(ii) and intermediate anti-proliferative effects (IC50: 0.018-0.076 μM after 72 h). In contrast, the Co(iii) and Pd(ii) complexes demonstrate poor anti-proliferative activity (IC50: 0.262-1.570 μM after 72 h), probably due to a lack of transmetallation with Cu(ii). The poor efficacy of the Dp4e4mT Co(iii), Ni(ii), and Pd(ii) complexes to transmetallate with Fe(iii) markedly suppresses the oxidation of oxy-Mb and oxy-Hb. In contrast, the 2 : 1 Dp4e4mT: Cu(ii), Zn(ii), and Ga(iii) complexes demonstrate facile reactions with Fe(iii), leading to the redox active Dp4e4mT Fe(iii) complex and oxy-Mb and oxy-Hb oxidation. This study demonstrates the key role of differential transmetallation of Dp4e4mT complexes that has therapeutic ramifications for their use as anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - Busra Kaya
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - Tharushi P Wijesinghe
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - Vera Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Miguel A Gonzalvez
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - William Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Mahan Gholam Azad
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan Brisbane Queensland 4111 Australia
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya 466-8550 Japan
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5
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Yang S, Li Y, Zhou L, Wang X, Liu L, Wu M. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in atherosclerosis: metabolism, mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38218941 PMCID: PMC10787750 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that plays a pivotal role in numerous physiological processes in virtually all cell types. Nevertheless, the dysregulation of copper homeostasis, whether towards excess or deficiency, can lead to pathological alterations, such as atherosclerosis. With the advent of the concept of copper-induced cell death, termed cuproptosis, researchers have increasingly focused on the potential role of copper dyshomeostasis in atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a broad overview of cellular and systemic copper metabolism. We then summarize the evidence linking copper dyshomeostasis to atherosclerosis and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis development in terms of both copper excess and copper deficiency. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for and mechanisms of cuproptosis, discuss its interactions with other modes of cell death, and highlight the role of cuproptosis-related mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Finally, we explore the therapeutic strategy of targeting this novel form of cell death, aiming to provide some insights for the management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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6
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Atiya A, Muhsinah AB, Alrouji M, Alhumaydhi FA, Al Abdulmonem W, Aljasir MA, Sharaf SE, Furkan M, Khan RH, Shahwan M, Shamsi A. Unveiling promising inhibitors of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) for therapeutic interventions. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126684. [PMID: 37666395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a vital enzyme responsible for controlling cellular oxidative stress. Any dysregulation of SOD1 activity is linked with cancer pathogenesis and neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Among the inhibitors known to be effective against SOD1, LCS-1 stands out; however, its efficacy, specificity, and safety profiles are somewhat restricted. In this study, we used PubChem library to retrieve compounds that exhibited a structural similarity of at least 90 % with LCS-1. These compounds underwent molecular docking analyses to examine their interaction patterns and binding affinities with SOD1. Further, we applied filters based on physicochemical and ADMET properties, refining the selection process. Our analysis revealed that selected compounds interact with crucial residues of SOD1 active site. To gain further insights into conformational stability and dynamics of the SOD1-ligand complexes, we conducted all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for 100 ns. We identified two compounds, CID:133306073 and CID:133446715, as potential scaffolds with promising inhibitory properties against SOD1. Both compounds hold significant potential for further exploration as therapeutic SOD1 inhibitors. Further studies are warranted to fully harness their therapeutic potential in targeting SOD1 for cancer and ALS treatment, offering new avenues for improved patient outcomes and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger St., Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger St., Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger St., Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Alrouji
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad A Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sharaf E Sharaf
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy Umm Al-Qura University Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Furkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman, P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman, P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates.
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7
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Lu Y, Chan YT, Wu J, Feng Z, Yuan H, Li Q, Xing T, Xu L, Zhang C, Tan HY, Lee TKW, Feng Y, Wang N. CRISPR/Cas9 screens unravel miR-3689a-3p regulating sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via suppressing CCS/SOD1-dependent mitochondrial oxidative stress. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 71:101015. [PMID: 37924725 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Therapeutic outcome of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is undermined by the development of drug resistance. This study aimed to identify the critical microRNA (miRNA) which is responsible for sorafenib resistance at the genomic level. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 screen followed by gain- and loss-of-function assays both in vitro and in vivo were applied to identify the role of miR-3689a-3p in mediating sorafenib response in HCC. The upstream and downstream molecules of miR-3689a-3p and their mechanism of action were investigated. RESULTS CRISPR/Cas9 screening identified miR-3689a-3p was the most up-regulated miRNA in sorafenib sensitive HCC. Knockdown of miR-3689a-3p significantly increased sorafenib resistance, while its overexpression sensitized HCC response to sorafenib treatment. Proteomic analysis revealed that the effect of miR-3689a-3p was related to the copper-dependent mitochondrial superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1) activity. Mechanistically, miR-3689a-3p targeted the 3'UTR of the intracellular copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) and suppressed its expression. As a result, miR-3689a-3p disrupted the intracellular copper trafficking and reduced SOD1-mediated scavenge of mitochondrial oxidative stress that eventually caused HCC cell death in response to sorafenib treatment. CCS overexpression blunted sorafenib response in HCC. Clinically, miR-3689a-3p was down-regulated in HCC and predicted favorable prognosis for HCC patients. CONCLUSION Our findings provide comprehensive evidence for miR-3689a-3p as a positive regulator and potential druggable target for improving sorafenib treatment in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yau-Tuen Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Junyu Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Zixin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Hongchao Yuan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Qiucheng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Tingyuan Xing
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- Centre for Chinese Medicine New Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Terence Kin-Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China.
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Sureshan M, Prabhu D, Kadhirvel S. Computational identification and experimental validation of anti-filarial lead molecules targeting metal binding/substrate channel residues of Cu/Zn SOD1 from Wuchereria bancrofti. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8715-8728. [PMID: 36305196 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2136245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected mosquito-borne parasitic disease, widely caused by Wuchereria bancrofti (Wb) in tropical and sub-tropical countries. During a blood meal, the filarial nematodes are transmitted to humans by the infected mosquito. To counter attack the invaded nematodes, the human immune system produces reactive oxygen species. However, the anti-oxidant enzymes of nematodes counteract the host oxidative cytotoxicity. Cu/Zn Superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a member of antioxidant enzymes and are widely used by the nematodes to sustain the host oxidative stress across its lifecycle, hence targeting SOD1 to develop suitable drug molecules would help to overcome the problems related to efficacy and activity of drugs upon different stages of nematodes. In order to find the potent inhibitors, a three-dimensional structure of Cu/Zn WbSOD1 was modelled and the structural stability was analysed through simulation studies. The structure-guided virtual screening approach has been used to identify lead molecules from the ChemBridge based on the docking score, ADMET properties and protein-ligand complex stability analysis. The identified compounds were observed to interact with the copper, metal binding residues (His48, His63, His80 and His120) and catalytically important residue Arg146, which play a crucial role in the disproportionation of incoming superoxide radicals of Cu/Zn WbSOD1. Further, in vitro validation of the selected leads in the filarial worm Setaria digitata exhibited higher inhibition and better IC50 compared to the standard drug ivermectin. Thus, the identified leads could potentially inhibit enzyme activity, which could subsequently act as drug candidates to control LF.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Sureshan
- Biomolecular Crystallography Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dhamodharan Prabhu
- Research and Development Wing, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saraboji Kadhirvel
- Biomolecular Crystallography Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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9
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Zhu P, Wu K, Zhang C, Batool SS, Li A, Yu Z, Huang J. Advances in new target molecules against schistosomiasis: A comprehensive discussion of physiological structure and nutrient intake. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011498. [PMID: 37498810 PMCID: PMC10374103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, a severe parasitic disease, is primarily caused by Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, or Schistosoma haematobium. Currently, praziquantel is the only recommended drug for human schistosome infection. However, the lack of efficacy of praziquantel against juvenile worms and concerns about the emergence of drug resistance are driving forces behind the research for an alternative medication. Schistosomes are obligatory parasites that survive on nutrients obtained from their host. The ability of nutrient uptake depends on their physiological structure. In short, the formation and maintenance of the structure and nutrient supply are mutually reinforcing and interdependent. In this review, we focus on the structural features of the tegument, esophagus, and intestine of schistosomes and their roles in nutrient acquisition. Moreover, we introduce the significance and modes of glucose, lipids, proteins, and amino acids intake in schistosomes. We linked the schistosome structure and nutrient supply, introduced the currently emerging targets, and analyzed the current bottlenecks in the research and development of drugs and vaccines, in the hope of providing new strategies for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kaijuan Wu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaobin Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Syeda Sundas Batool
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Anqiao Li
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Xie J, Yang Y, Gao Y, He J. Cuproptosis: mechanisms and links with cancers. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:46. [PMID: 36882769 PMCID: PMC9990368 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 193.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis was a copper-dependent and unique kind of cell death that was separate from existing other forms of cell death. The last decade has witnessed a considerable increase in investigations of programmed cell death, and whether copper induced cell death was an independent form of cell death has long been argued until mechanism of cuproptosis has been revealed. After that, increasing number of researchers attempted to identify the relationship between cuproptosis and the process of cancer. Thus, in this review, we systematically detailed the systemic and cellular metabolic processes of copper and the copper-related tumor signaling pathways. Moreover, we not only focus on the discovery process of cuproptosis and its mechanism, but also outline the association between cuproptosis and cancers. Finally, we further highlight the possible therapeutic direction of employing copper ion ionophores with cuproptosis-inducing functions in combination with small molecule drugs for targeted therapy to treat specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yannan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Central Laboratory & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China. .,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National, Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 101399, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. .,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National, Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 101399, China.
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11
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GBM Cells Exhibit Susceptibility to Metformin Treatment According to TLR4 Pathway Activation and Metabolic and Antioxidant Status. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030587. [PMID: 36765551 PMCID: PMC9913744 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer associated with poor overall survival. The metabolic status and tumor microenvironment of GBM cells have been targeted to improve therapeutic strategies. TLR4 is an important innate immune receptor capable of recognizing pathogens and danger-associated molecules. We have previously demonstrated the presence of TLR4 in GBM tumors and the decreased viability of the GBM tumor cell line after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (TLR4 agonist) stimulation. In the present study, metformin (MET) treatment, used in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in two GBM cell lines (U87MG and A172) and stimulated with LPS was analyzed. MET is a drug widely used for the treatment of diabetes and has been repurposed for cancer treatment owing to its anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory actions. The aim of the study was to investigate MET and LPS treatment in two GBM cell lines with different metabolic statuses. MET treatment led to mitochondrial respiration blunting and oxidative stress with superoxide production in both cell lines, more markedly in U87MG cells. Decreased cell viability after MET + TMZ and MET + LPS + TMZ treatment was observed in both cell lines. U87MG cells exhibited apoptosis after MET + LPS + TMZ treatment, promoting increased ER stress, unfolded protein response, and BLC2 downregulation. LPS stimulation of U87MG cells led to upregulation of SOD2 and genes related to the TLR4 signaling pathway, including IL1B and CXCL8. A172 cells attained upregulated antioxidant gene expression, particularly SOD1, TXN and PRDX1-5, while MET treatment led to cell-cycle arrest. In silico analysis of the TCGA-GBM-RNASeq dataset indicated that the glycolytic plurimetabolic (GPM)-GBM subtype had a transcriptomic profile which overlapped with U87MG cells, suggesting GBM cases exhibiting this metabolic background with an activated inflammatory TLR4 pathway may respond to MET treatment. For cases with upregulated CXCL8, coding for IL8 (a pro-angiogenic factor), combination treatment with an IL8 inhibitor may improve tumor growth control. The A172 cell line corresponded to the mitochondrial (MTC)-GBM subtype, where MET plus an antioxidant inhibitor, such as anti-SOD1, may be indicated as a combinatory therapy.
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12
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Tsymbal SA, Refeld AG, Kuchur OA. The p53 Tumor Suppressor and Copper Metabolism: An Unrevealed but Important Link. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322060188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Kaya Y. Investigation of spectroscopic, crystallographic, thermal and antioxidant properties of mononuclear dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes derived from a new symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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SAXS Examinations of the Redox-Dependent Formation of a DNA-SOD1 Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012673. [PMID: 36293533 PMCID: PMC9604462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis as an antioxidant enzyme. We recently found that SOD1 is involved in the regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cellular ROS levels by binding to DNA-specific sequences. Moreover, the SOD1 binding to DNA was observed to be redox-dependent in solutions. Thus, we examined the redox-dependent DNA binding of SOD1 by multiple measurements, including small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), indicating the redox-dependent formation of a DNA-SOD1 complex in solutions. The redox-dependent formation of the DNA-SOD1 complex could underlie the SOD1 regulation of gene expression.
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15
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Copper-thiosemicarbazone complexes conjugated-cellulose fibers: Biodegradable materials with antibacterial capacity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119839. [PMID: 35868782 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is vital in battling bacteria crisis, but conventional PPE materials lack antimicrobial activities and environmental friendliness. Our work focused on developing biodegradable and antibacterial fibers as promising bioprotective materials. Here, we grafted highly effective antibacterial copper-thiosemicarbazone complexes (CT1-4) on cellulose fibers via covalent linkages. Multiple methods were used to characterize the chemical composition or morphology of CT1-4 conjugated-fibers. Conjugation of CT1-4 maintains the mechanical properties (Breaking strength: 2.35-2.45 cN/dtex, Breaking elongation: 7.19 %-7.42 %) and thermal stability of fibers. CT1 can endow cellulose fibers with the excellent growth inhibition towards Escherichia coli (E. coli) (GIR: 61.5 % ± 1.28 %), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (GIR: 85.7 % ± 1.93 %), and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) (GIR: 87.6 % ± 1.44 %). We believe that the application of CT1 conjugated-cellulose fibers is not limited to the high-performance PPE, and also can be extended to various types of protective equipment for food and medicine safety.
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16
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Abd Al Moaty M, El Ashry ESH, Awad LF, Mostafa A, Abu-Serie MM, Teleb M. Harnessing ROS-Induced Oxidative Stress for Halting Colorectal Cancer via Thiazolidinedione-Based SOD Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:21267-21279. [PMID: 35755340 PMCID: PMC9219103 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the "canonical" view of reactive oxygen species' (ROS) contribution to carcinogenesis, ROS induce oxidative stress and promote various tumor progression events. However, tumor cells also need to defend themselves against oxidative damage. This "heresy" was supported by several recent studies underlining the role of cellular antioxidant capacity in promoting metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Accordingly, harnessing the ROS-induced oxidative stress via selective suppression of the cancer antioxidant defense machinery has been launched as an innovative anticancer strategy. Within this approach, pharmacological inhibition of superoxide dismutases (SODs), the first-line defense antioxidant enzymes for cancer cells, selectively kills tumor cells and circumvents their acquired resistance. Various SOD inhibitors have been introduced, of which some were tolerated in clinical trials. However, the hit SOD inhibitors belong to diverse chemical classes and lack comprehensive structure-activity relationships (SAR). Herein, we probe the potential of newly synthesized benzylidene thiazolidinedione derivatives to inhibit SOD in colorectal cancer with special emphasis on their effects on correlated antioxidant enzymes aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This may possibly bring a new dawn for utilizing thiazolidinediones (TZDs) in cancer therapy through SOD inhibition mechanisms. The preliminary 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that all of the evaluated TZDs exhibited excellent safety profiles on normal human cells, recording an EC100 of up to 47.5-folds higher than that of doxorubicin. Compounds 3c, 6a, and 6e (IC50 = 4.4-4.7 μM) were superior to doxorubicin and other derivatives against Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells within their safe doses. The hit anticancer agents inhibited SOD (IC50 = 97.2-228.8 μM). Then, they were selected for further in-depth evaluation on the cellular level. The anticancer IC50 doses of 3c, 6a, and 6e diminished the antioxidant activities of SOD (by 29.7, 70.1, and 33.3%, respectively), ALDH1A (by 85.92, 95.84, and 86.48%, respectively), and GPX (by 50.17, 87.03, and 53.28%, respectively) in the treated Caco-2 cells, elevating the Caco-2 cellular content of ROS by 21.42, 7.863, and 8.986-folds, respectively. Docking simulations were conducted to display their possible binding modes and essential structural features. Also, their physicochemical parameters and pharmacokinetic profiles formulating drug-likeness were computed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - El Sayed H. El Ashry
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Laila Fathy Awad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mostafa
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abu-Serie
- Medical
Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research
Institute, City of Scientific Research and
Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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17
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Metal Complexes or Chelators with ROS Regulation Capacity: Promising Candidates for Cancer Treatment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010148. [PMID: 35011380 PMCID: PMC8746559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are rapidly eliminated and reproduced in organisms, and they always play important roles in various biological functions and abnormal pathological processes. Evaluated ROS have frequently been observed in various cancers to activate multiple pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways and induce the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2•-) are the most important redox signaling agents in cancer cells, the homeostasis of which is maintained by dozens of growth factors, cytokines, and antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, antioxidant enzymes tend to have higher activity levels to maintain the homeostasis of ROS in cancer cells. Effective intervention in the ROS homeostasis of cancer cells by chelating agents or metal complexes has already developed into an important anti-cancer strategy. We can inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes using chelators or metal complexes; on the other hand, we can also use metal complexes to directly regulate the level of ROS in cancer cells via mitochondria. In this review, metal complexes or chelators with ROS regulation capacity and with anti-cancer applications are collectively and comprehensively analyzed, which is beneficial for the development of the next generation of inorganic anti-cancer drugs based on ROS regulation. We expect that this review will provide a new perspective to develop novel inorganic reagents for killing cancer cells and, further, as candidates or clinical drugs.
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18
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Keerthiga R, Pei DS, Fu A. Mitochondrial dysfunction, UPR mt signaling, and targeted therapy in metastasis tumor. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:186. [PMID: 34717757 PMCID: PMC8556915 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern research, mitochondria are considered a more crucial energy plant in cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and denatured protein accumulation, is a common feature of tumors. The dysfunctional mitochondria reprogram molecular metabolism and allow tumor cells to proliferate in the hostile microenvironment. One of the crucial signaling pathways of the mitochondrial dysfunction activation in the tumor cells is the retrograde signaling of mitochondria-nucleus interaction, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), which is initiated by accumulation of denatured protein and excess ROS production. In the process of UPRmt, various components are activitated to enhance the mitochondria-nucleus retrograde signaling to promote carcinoma progression, including hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), activating transcription factor ATF-4, ATF-5, CHOP, AKT, AMPK. The retrograde signaling molecules of overexpression ATF-5, SIRT3, CREB, SOD1, SOD2, early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), ATF2, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-d, and CHOP also involved in the process. Targeted blockage of the UPRmt pathway could obviously inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis. This review indicates the UPRmt pathways and its crucial role in targeted therapy of metastasis tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Ailing Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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19
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Zhao X, Li X, Huang X, Liang S, Cai P, Wang Y, Cui Y, Chen W, Dong X. Development of lactobionic acid conjugated-copper chelators as anticancer candidates for hepatocellular carcinoma. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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20
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Catalase Inhibitors with Dual Pro‐Oxidant Effect as New Therapeutic Agents in Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Gibhardt CS, Ezeriņa D, Sung HM, Messens J, Bogeski I. Redox regulation of the mitochondrial calcium transport machinery. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Shi J, Zhao D, Li X, Ding F, Tang X, Liu N, Huang H, Liu C. The conjugation of rhodamine B enables carrier-free mitochondrial delivery of functional proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6829-6839. [PMID: 32761021 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01305f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of protein-based therapeutics faces many challenges, for example, carrier-dependence, safety concerns, endocytosis-dependence, and uncertain in vivo therapeutic outcomes. Small molecules are rarely used for intracellular organelle-targeting and disease tissue-specific carrier-independent delivery of therapeutic proteins. Here, we report that rhodamine B, after modification with proteins, is able to guide carrier-free delivery into mitochondria and tissue-dependent distributions of functional proteins through organic cation transporters (OCTs). The enrichment of the modified catalase in the cancer tissue efficiently suppresses xenograft human lung tumor in mice. This carrier-free delivery platform of proteins may emerge as a simple yet powerful approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China.
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23
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Malik R, Corrales C, Linsenmeier M, Alalami H, Sepanj N, Bitan G. Examination of SOD1 aggregation modulators and their effect on SOD1 enzymatic activity as a proxy for potential toxicity. FASEB J 2020; 34:11957-11969. [PMID: 32701214 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000948r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of abnormal protein self-assembly are promising candidates for developing therapy against proteinopathies. Such compounds have been examined primarily as inhibitors of amyloid β-protein (Aβ), whereas testing of inhibitors of other amyloidogenic proteins has lagged behind. An important issue with screening compound libraries is that although an inhibitor suitable for therapy must be both effective and nontoxic, typical screening focuses on efficacy, whereas safety typically is tested at a later stage using cells and/or animals. In addition, typical thioflavin T (ThT)-fluorescence-based screens use the final fluorescence value as a readout, potentially missing important kinetic information. Here, we examined potential inhibitors of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) using ThT-fluorescence including the different phases of fluorescence change and added a parallel screen of SOD1 activity as a potential proxy for compound toxicity. Some compounds previously reported to inhibit other amyloidogenic proteins also inhibited SOD1 aggregation at low micromolar concentrations, whereas others were ineffective. Analysis of the lag phase and exponential slope added important information that could help exclude false-positive or false-negative results. SOD1 was highly resistant to inhibition of its activity, and therefore, did not have the necessary sensitivity to serve as a proxy for examining potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Malik
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian Corrales
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Linsenmeier
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Huda Alalami
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niki Sepanj
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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Klisurić OR, Armaković SJ, Armaković S, Marković S, Todorović TR, Portalone G, Novović K, Lozo J, Filipović NR. Structural, biological and in-silico study of quinoline-based chalcogensemicarbazones. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Shen T, Hu X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen K, Xie S, Ke G, Song G, Zhang XB. Specific Core-Satellite Nanocarriers for Enhanced Intracellular ROS Generation and Synergistic Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:5403-5412. [PMID: 31916740 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The deficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main reason for the current poor efficiency of tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). To solve this problem, a simple light-triggered core-satellite nanoplatform (UPSD@Au) has been developed by loading Au nanoparticles on the surface of mesoporous silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles. Small molecules DC50 (C17H14BrF2N3OS) and photosensitizer (silicon phthalocyanine dihydroxide, SPCD) were loaded into the silica shell to improve ROS production. Meanwhile, PDT can be triggered through facile near-infrared laser irradiation given the occurrence of a moderate photothermal transfer process between upconversion nanoparticles and Au. The reasonable increment in temperature induced by Au resulted in the timely release of DC50. The inhibition of copper transfer by DC50 results in reduced ROS scavenging and thus improves light-triggered ROS accumulation. Notably, the expression levels of the human copper-trafficking proteins Atox1 and CCS in cancerous cells exceed those in normal cells, and thus enhanced ROS accumulation effect was achieved in cancerous cells. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the synergism between DC50 and SPCD coloaded in the UPSD@Au nanoplatform increases the efficiency of PDT. The UPSD@Au platform represents an efficient codelivery method for hydrophobic small molecules and improves sensitization to specific cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shen
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Kun Chen
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Sitao Xie
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Guoliang Ke
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Guosheng Song
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
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26
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Modification of Polyacrylonitrile Fibers by Coupling to Thiosemicarbazones. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12233980. [PMID: 31801281 PMCID: PMC6926618 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the modification of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers by coupling to thiosemicarbazones to achieve the biological activity for the applications in the food product packaging. After modification, seven thiosemicarbazone compounds were synthesized. The as-synthesized thiosemicarbazone compounds were bonded to PAN fibers via covalent coupling, which was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy. The mean graft efficiency of the compounds was about 1.92%, and the antibacterial efficiency was 88.6% and 45.1% against Staphylococcus aureus (S-aureus) bacteria. All the seven thiosemicarbazone compounds exerted excellent tyrosinase activity, low cytotoxicity, excellent metal ion chelation ability, and anti-bacterial behavior against both gram-positive and negative bacteria. The mechanical properties of the fibers have been maintained without significant damage after the chemical modification. The break strength test and elongation at the break test were done to measure the fracture strength of the modified fibers. Overall, the promising properties of the modified PAN fibers show potential applications in food packaging materials for fruits and vegetables, which require long-term anti-browning effects during their transportation and storage.
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27
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Kenny TC, Gomez ML, Germain D. Mitohormesis, UPR mt, and the Complexity of Mitochondrial DNA Landscapes in Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:6057-6066. [PMID: 31484668 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the Warburg effect, the preference of cancer cells to generate ATP via glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation, has fostered the misconception that cancer cells become independent of the electron transport chain (ETC) for survival. This is inconsistent with the need of ETC function for the generation of pyrimidines. Along with this misconception, a large body of literature has reported numerous mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), further fueling the notion of nonfunctional ETC in cancer cells. More recent findings, however, suggest that cancers maintain oxidative phosphorylation capacity and that the role of mtDNA mutations in cancer is likely far more nuanced in light of the remarkable complexity of mitochondrial genetics. This review aims at describing the various model systems that were developed to dissect the role of mtDNA in cancer, including cybrids, and more recently mitochondrial-nuclear exchange and conplastic mice. Furthermore, we put forward the notion of mtDNA landscapes, where the surrounding nonsynonymous mutations and variants can enhance or repress the biological effect of specific mtDNA mutations. Notably, we review recent studies describing the ability of some mtDNA landscapes to activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) but not others. Furthermore, the role of the UPRmt in maintaining cancer cells in the mitohormetic zone to provide selective adaptation to stress is discussed. Among the genes activated by the UPRmt, we suggest that the dismutases SOD2 and SOD1 may play key roles in the establishment of the mitohormetic zone. Finally, we propose that using a UPRmt nuclear gene expression signature may be a more reliable readout than mtDNA landscapes, given their diversity and complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Kenny
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Maria L Gomez
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Doris Germain
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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28
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Li X, Qiu S, Shi J, Wang S, Wang M, Xu Y, Nie Z, Liu C, Liu C. A new function of copper zinc superoxide dismutase: as a regulatory DNA-binding protein in gene expression in response to intracellular hydrogen peroxide. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:5074-5085. [PMID: 31162603 PMCID: PMC6547762 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In microorganisms, a number of metalloproteins including PerR are found to regulate gene expression in response to environmental reactive oxygen species (ROS) changes. However, discovery of similar regulatory mechanisms remains elusive within mammalian cells. As an antioxidant metalloenzyme that maintains intracellular ROS homeostasis, copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) has high affinity for DNA in solution and in cells. Here, we explored the regulatory roles of SOD1 in the expression of genes in response to ROS changes within mammalian cells. SOD1-occupied DNA sites with distinct sequence preference were identified. Changing ROS levels both were found to impact DNA-SOD1 interactions in solution and within HeLa cells. GGA was one of the base triplets that had direct contact with SOD1. DNA-SOD1 interactions were observed to regulate the ROS-responsive expression of functional genes including oncogenes and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked genes in transcriptional phases. Our results confirm another function of SOD1, acting as a H2O2-responsive regulatory protein in the expression of numerous mammalian genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zefeng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
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Wang H, Xu Y, Rao L, Yang C, Yuan H, Gao T, Chen X, Sun H, Xian M, Liu C, Liu C. Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Endogenous Methylglyoxal in Living Cells and Diabetic Blood Samples. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5646-5653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Li Rao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Chuntao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Tingjuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, and International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 Hubei, China
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30
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Virtual screening identification of novel chemical inhibitors for aberrant interactions between pathogenic mutant SOD1 and tubulin. Neurochem Int 2019; 126:19-26. [PMID: 30831216 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurodegenerative disease caused by selective motor neuron death. Mutations in the gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) belong to one of the four major mutation clusters responsible for pathogenesis of ALS. Toxic gain-of-function (not loss-of-function) of SOD1 mutants causes motor neuron degeneration. Aberrant protein-protein interactions (PPI) between mutant SOD1 and other proteins are involved in this toxic gain-of-function. Therefore, PPI inhibitors of mutant SOD1 not only increase understanding of ALS pathogenesis, but can also be used as novel therapeutics for ALS. Although it is challenging to identify PPI inhibitors, prior knowledge of the binding site can increase success probability. We have previously reported that tubulin interacts with N-terminal residues 1-23 of mutant SOD1. In the present study, we performed virtual screening by docking simulation of 32,791 compounds using this N-terminal binding site as prior knowledge. An established assay system for interaction inhibition between mutant SOD1-tubulin was used as an in-house model system to identify mutant SOD1 PPI inhibitors, with the goal of developing novel therapeutics for ALS. Consequently, five of six assay-executable compounds among top-ranked compounds during docking simulation inhibited the mutant SOD1-tubulin interaction in vitro. Binding mode analysis predicted that some inhibitors might bind the tubulin binding site of G85R SOD1 by pi electron interaction with the aromatic ring of the Trp32 residue of G85R SOD1. Our screening methods may contribute to the identification of lead compounds for treating ALS.
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31
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The Specific Inhibition of SOD1 Selectively Promotes Apoptosis of Cancer Cells via Regulation of the ROS Signaling Network. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9706792. [PMID: 30911355 PMCID: PMC6398008 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9706792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple signaling pathways including ERK, PI3K-Akt, and NF-κB, which are essential for onset and development of cancer, can be activated by intracellularly sustained high levels of H2O2 provided by elevated activity and expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) that catalyzes the dismutation of O2•− into H2O2. Here, tests performed by the utilization of our designed specific SOD1 inhibitor LD100 on cancer and normal cells reveal that the signaling pathways and their crosstalk to support cancer cell growth are repressed, but the signaling pathways to promote cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis are stimulated by specific SOD1 inhibition-mediated ROS changes. These regulated pathways constitute an ROS signaling network that determines the fate of cancer cells. This ROS signaling network is also regulated in SOD1 knockdown cells. These findings might facilitate disclosure of action mechanisms by copper-chelating anticancer agents and design of SOD1-targeting and ROS signaling pathway-interfering anticancer small molecules.
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32
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Cai P, Xiong Y, Yao Y, Chen W, Dong X. Synthesis, screening and biological activity of potent thiosemicarbazone compounds as a tyrosinase inhibitor. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02360g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors are designed based on coordination chemistry and catalytic circle of the tyrosinase, coordination atoms binds to copper and blocks enzyme activity, indicated that thiosemicarbazone species possess good potential as tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penggen Cai
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Yi Xiong
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Yao Yao
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Wu Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Xiongwei Dong
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
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33
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Robinett NG, Culbertson EM, Peterson RL, Sanchez H, Andes DR, Nett JE, Culotta VC. Exploiting the vulnerable active site of a copper-only superoxide dismutase to disrupt fungal pathogenesis. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2700-2713. [PMID: 30593499 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-only superoxide dismutases (SODs) represent a new class of SOD enzymes that are exclusively extracellular and unique to fungi and oomycetes. These SODs are essential for virulence of fungal pathogens in pulmonary and disseminated infections, and we show here an additional role for copper-only SODs in promoting survival of fungal biofilms. The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans expresses three copper-only SODs, and deletion of one of them, SOD5, eradicated candidal biofilms on venous catheters in a rodent model. Fungal copper-only SODs harbor an irregular active site that, unlike their Cu,Zn-SOD counterparts, contains a copper co-factor unusually open to solvent and lacks zinc for stabilizing copper binding, making fungal copper-only SODs highly vulnerable to metal chelators. We found that unlike mammalian Cu,Zn-SOD1, C. albicans SOD5 indeed rapidly loses its copper to metal chelators such as EDTA, and binding constants for Cu(II) predict that copper-only SOD5 has a much lower affinity for copper than does Cu,Zn-SOD1. We screened compounds with a variety of indications and identified several metal-binding compounds, including the ionophore pyrithione zinc (PZ), that effectively inhibit C. albicans SOD5 but not mammalian Cu,Zn-SOD1. We observed that PZ both acts as an ionophore that promotes uptake of toxic metals and inhibits copper-only SODs. The pros and cons of a vulnerable active site for copper-only SODs and the possible exploitation of this vulnerability in antifungal drug design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie G Robinett
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
| | - Edward M Culbertson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
| | - Ryan L Peterson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
| | - Hiram Sanchez
- the Departments of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726
| | - David R Andes
- the Departments of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726
| | - Jeniel E Nett
- the Departments of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726
| | - Valeria C Culotta
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
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