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Zhang S, Bao M, Arisawa M, Yamaguchi M. Stable and Unstable Concentration Oscillations Induced by Temperature Oscillations on Reversible Nonequilibrium Chemical Reactions of Helicene Oligomers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010693. [PMID: 36614136 PMCID: PMC9820874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature oscillations can affect behaviors of living things. In this article, we describe the effect of triangle temperature oscillations on reversible nonequilibrium chemical reactions detected as concentration oscillations. When amplification through self-catalytic reactions is involved in the chemical reactions, concentration oscillations exhibit diverse nonequilibrium phenomena, which include equilibrium intersecting, equilibrium noncontact, and equilibrium sliding. Both stable and unstable concentration oscillations occur, during which repeated cycles provide the same and different concentration oscillations, respectively. Concentration oscillations are classified according to their waveforms in concentration/time profiles, the shapes of hysteresis curves in concentration/temperature profiles, the nature of self-catalytic reactions, and their relationships with equilibrium. An unstable concentration oscillation may be transformed into a stable concentration oscillation, which is described on the basis of the classifications. Experimental examples are shown using reversible association and dissociation reactions of helicene oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mieko Arisawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-155-2477-4013
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2
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Thermal Input/Concentration Output Systems Processed by Chemical Reactions of Helicene Oligomers. REACTIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions3010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes thermal input/concentration output systems processed by chemical reactions. Various sophisticated thermal inputs can be converted into concentration outputs through the double-helix formation of helicene oligomers exhibiting thermal hysteresis. The inputs include high or low temperature, cooling or heating state, slow or fast cooling state, heating state, and cooling history. The chemical basis for the properties of the chemical reactions includes the reversibility out of chemical equilibrium, sigmoidal relationship and kinetics, bistability involving metastable states, positive feedback by self-catalytic chemical reactions, competitive chemical reactions, and fine tunability for parallel processing. The interfacing of concentration outputs in other systems is considered, and biological cells are considered to have been utilizing such input/output systems processed by chemical reactions.
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Abstract
Hysteresis is ubiquitous in nature and biology. It appears in ferromagnetism, ferroelectrism, traffic congestion, river sedimentation, electronics, thermoresponses, cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis. Hysteresis phenomena are beyond equilibrium and involve nonlinear, bistable, time delay, and memory events, which are described in input/output profiles by different outputs during continuous decreases and increases in input intensity. Although hysteresis profiles in these phenomena appear similar, the mechanisms underlying them are complex, and their basic understanding is desired. In this Account, I describe thermal hysteresis caused by molecules dispersed in dilute solutions containing optically active helicene oligomers, which form homo- and heterodouble helices, the cooling and heating processes of which cause different structural changes with regard to their relative concentrations. Reversible self-catalytic reactions are involved in the formation of a double helix, which catalyzes its own formation. The reactions accelerate as they progress, in contrast to ordinary reactions, which exhibit monotonic retardation as they progress. Thermal hysteresis involving reversible self-catalytic reactions exhibits notable phenomena, when various cooling/heating inputs are applied during the reaction; these phenomena are shown herein with profiles of experimental results of Δε outputs obtained by circular dichroism (CD) plotted against temperature inputs. Thermal hysteresis is discussed in terms of (1) two states of the homodouble helix and a random coil involving one reversible self-catalytic reaction and (2) three states of enantiomeric heterodouble helices and a random coil involving two reversible self-catalytic reactions. Repeated cooling and heating processes provide the same stable thermal hysteresis loops, when the initial and final high-temperature states are under equilibrium, and nonloop and unstable thermal hysteresis appears when whole the systems are beyond equilibrium. Diverse thermal hysteresis loops are obtained under different temperature change conditions for different oligomers. The mechanism of thermal hysteresis involves different macroscopic mechanisms at a fixed temperature, when the relative concentrations of substrates/products and the reaction direction differ. Microscopic mechanisms, which are shown by energy diagrams, are fixed at a temperature irrespective of cooling or heating. A comparison of thermal hysteresis loops and equilibrium curves provides distances to the metastable states on the loops from equilibrium, and reactions occur from the metastable states toward equilibrium. Notable phenomena described herein include bistability, high sensitivity to small concentration changes, equilibrium crossing, three-state one-directional structural change caused by a single heating procedure, reaction shortcuts, the memory effect on thermal history, figure-eight thermal hysteresis, chemical oscillation, stable and unstable thermal hysteresis, double-helix formation only under heating, and chiral symmetry breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Yamaguchi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Arisawa M, Iwamoto R, Yamaguchi M. Unstable and Stable Thermal Hysteresis Under Thermal Triangle Waves. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mieko Arisawa
- Department of Organic Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Rina Iwamoto
- Department of Organic Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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Sawato T, Yamaguchi M. Synthetic Chemical Systems Involving Self‐Catalytic Reactions of Helicene Oligomer Foldamers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2017-2038. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
- Department of Organic Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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Sawato T, Yamaguchi M. Sequential self‐catalytic reactions in the formation of hetero‐double‐helix and their self‐assembled gels by pseudoenantiomer mixtures of ethynylhelicene oligomers. Chirality 2020; 32:824-832. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTohoku University Sendai Japan
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Sawato T, Iwamoto R, Yamaguchi M. Figure-eight thermal hysteresis of aminomethylenehelicene oligomers with terminal C 16 alkyl groups during hetero-double-helix formation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3290-3300. [PMID: 34122836 PMCID: PMC8157274 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06496f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
1 : 1 mixtures of aminomethylenehelicene (P)-tetramer and (M)-pentamer with terminal C16 alkyl groups in fluorobenzene showed structural changes between hetero-double-helices B and C and random-coils 2A. Figure-eight thermal hysteresis appeared when the solution was cooled and heated at a constant rate and involved the crossing of cooling and heating curves in Δε/temperature profiles. This unusual thermal hysteresis emerged in the intermediate state between counterclockwise and clockwise thermal hystereses. This phenomenon arose from the competition between self-catalytic reactions to form B and C from 2A. Significant effects of terminal C16 alkyl groups on the thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan +81 22-795-6811
| | - Rina Iwamoto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan +81 22-795-6811
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan +81 22-795-6811
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Sawato T, Saito N, Yamaguchi M. Chemical Systems Involving Two Competitive Self-Catalytic Reactions. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5879-5899. [PMID: 31459737 PMCID: PMC6648109 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-catalytic reactions are chemical phenomena, in which a product catalyzes the reactions of substrates further to yield products. A significant amplification of product concentration occurs during the reactions in a dilute solution, which exhibit notable properties such as sigmoidal kinetics, seeding effects, and thermal hysteresis. Chemical systems involving two competitive self-catalytic reactions can be considered, in which the competitive formation of two products occurs, which is affected by environmental changes, subtle perturbations, and fluctuations, and notable chemical phenomena appear such as formation of different structures in response to slow/fast temperature changes, chiral symmetry breaking, shortcut in reaction time, homogeneous-heterogeneous transitions, and mechanical responses. Studies on such chemical systems provide understanding on biological systems and can also be extended to the development of novel functional materials.
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Hattori S, Vandendriessche S, Hirano T, Sato F, Koeckelberghs G, Verbiest T, Ishii K. Molecular Power Spring: Circular Dichroism Inversion of Polythiophene Aggregates from the Right-Handed Helix to Left-Handed Helix. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2925-2929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Hattori
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefaan Vandendriessche
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Box 2425, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Toshiyuki Hirano
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Sato
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Polymer Chemistry and Materials, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Thierry Verbiest
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Box 2425, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kazuyuki Ishii
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan
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Sawato T, Shinozaki Y, Saito N, Yamaguchi M. Chemical CD oscillation and chemical resonance phenomena in a competitive self-catalytic reaction system: a single temperature oscillation induces CD oscillations twice. Chem Sci 2018; 10:1735-1740. [PMID: 30842838 PMCID: PMC6368240 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03109f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical CD oscillation and chemical resonance phenomena appear in a competitive chemical reaction system involving amplification. A pseudoenantiomeric mixture of an aminomethylenehelicene (P)-tetramer and an (M)-hexamer in toluene forms three states, namely hetero-double-helix B, hetero-double-helix C, and dissociated random-coil 2A. When the temperature of the solution is oscillated between -5 and 38 °C at a rate of 2 K min-1, Δε reaches maxima twice during a single temperature oscillation, which is called a chemical CD oscillation phenomenon. The phenomenon arises from the sharp competition between the two self-catalytic 2A + C-to-2C and 2A + B-to-2B reactions. In addition, the chemical CD oscillation appears, when temperature oscillation occurs at a rate of 2 K min-1, and higher and lower rates provide a single maximum, a process referred to as the chemical resonance phenomenon. The changes in concentration induced by temperature oscillation repeatedly crossed equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan .
| | - Yasuhiro Shinozaki
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan .
| | - Nozomi Saito
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan .
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan .
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Schaack C, Sidler E, Trapp N, Diederich F. Helical Threads: Enantiomerically Pure Carbo[6]Helicene Oligomers. Chemistry 2017; 23:14153-14157. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Schaack
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Hönggerberg, HCI, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Eric Sidler
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Hönggerberg, HCI, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Hönggerberg, HCI, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Hönggerberg, HCI, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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Duwald R, Pascal S, Bosson J, Grass S, Besnard C, Bürgi T, Lacour J. Enantiospecific Elongation of Cationic Helicenes by Electrophilic Functionalization at Terminal Ends. Chemistry 2017; 23:13596-13601. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Duwald
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Simon Pascal
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Johann Bosson
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Grass
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bürgi
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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Sawato T, Yagi A, Arisawa M, Yamaguchi M. Chemical braking exhibited by ethynylhelicene ( M )-nonamer in solution: Competitive reaction system of self-catalysis to form double-helix and approach towards equilibrium to form random-coil. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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