1
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Wei X, Zheng Z, Liu M, Yang Z, Xie E, Lin J, Gao Y, Tan R, She Z, Ma J, Yang L. Enzyme-responsive nanospheres target senescent cells for diabetic wound healing by employing chemodynamic therapy. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:407-422. [PMID: 37848101 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that prolonged low-level inflammation and elevated-glucose-induced oxidative stress in diabetic wounds can accelerate senescence. The accumulation of senescent cells, in turn, inhibits cellular proliferation and migration, aggravating the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, ultimately impeding wound healing. In this study, we exploited the heightened lysosomal β-galactosidase activity detected in senescent cells to develop an innovative drug delivery system by encapsulating Fe3O4 with galactose-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) (F@GP). We found that F@GP can selectively release Fe3O4 into senescent cells, inducing ferroptosis via the Fenton reaction in the presence of elevated intracellular H2O2 levels. This showed that F@GP administration can serve as a chemodynamic therapy to eliminate senescent cells and promote cell proliferation. Furthermore, the F@GP drug delivery system gradually released iron ions into the diabetic wound tissues, enhancing the attenuation of cellular senescence, stimulating cell proliferation, promoting re-epithelialization, and accelerating the healing of diabetic wounds in mice. Our groundbreaking approach unveiled the specific targeting of senescence by F@GP, demonstrating its profound effect on promoting the healing of diabetic wounds. This discovery underscores the therapeutic potential of F@GP in effectively addressing challenging cases of wound repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of galactose-modified PLGA nanoparticles loaded with Fe3O4 (F@GP) represents a significant therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic wounds. These nanoparticles exhibit remarkable potential in selectively targeting senescent cells, which accumulate in diabetic wound tissue, through an enzyme-responsive mechanism. By employing chemodynamic therapy, F@GP nanoparticles effectively eliminate senescent cells by releasing iron ions that mediate the Fenton reaction. This targeted approach holds great promise for promoting diabetic wound healing by selectively eliminating senescent cells, which play a crucial role in impairing the wound healing process. The innovative utilization of F@GP nanoparticles as a therapeutic intervention offers a novel and potentially transformative strategy for addressing the challenges associated with diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Wei
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zijun Zheng
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mengqian Liu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhangfeifan Yang
- Department of Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Erlian Xie
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiabao Lin
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rongwei Tan
- GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhending She
- GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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2
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de Lorenzo S, Pillet L, Lim D, Paradisi F. Glycosyl benzoates as novel substrates for glycosynthases. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6356-6359. [PMID: 37486039 PMCID: PMC10410497 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of a procedure for the one-pot synthesis of glycosyl benzoates directly from unprotected sugars in aqueous media using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (DMC), thiobenzoic acid, and triethylamine is reported. These glycosyl donors are excellent substrates for wild-type and mutant glycosidases. β-Glucosyl benzoate was hydrolysed by the GH1 β-glucosidase derived from Halothermothrix orenii (HorGH1). Subsequent use of this substrate in thioligase-mediated glycosylation of p-nitrothiophenol demonstrated their superiority as donors compared to their p-nitrophenol counterparts with excellent conversions. Using a series of arene nucleophiles, we also demonstrate good to excellent conversions (up to 94%) of β-glucosyl benzoate to the corresponding p-nitrophenyl- and thioglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina de Lorenzo
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Lauriane Pillet
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - David Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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3
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Qiu X, Chong D, Fairbanks AJ. Selective Anomeric Acetylation of Unprotected Sugars with Acetic Anhydride in Water. Org Lett 2023; 25:1989-1993. [PMID: 36912487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected sugars are selectively acetylated simply by stirring in aqueous solution in the presence of acetic anhydride and a weak base such as sodium carbonate. The reaction is selective for acetylation of the anomeric hydroxyl group of mannose, 2-acetamido, and 2-deoxy sugars and can be performed on a large scale. Competitive intramolecular migration of the 1-O-acetate to the 2-hydroxyl group when these two substituents are cis causes over-reaction and the formation of product mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Chong
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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4
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Kano K, Ishii N, Miyagawa A, Takeda H, Hirabayashi Y, Kamiguchi H, Greimel P, Matsuo I. Protecting-group-free glycosylation of phosphatidic acid in aqueous media. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2138-2142. [PMID: 36794702 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02173k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation of unprotected carbohydrates has emerged as an area of significant interest because it obviates the need for long reaction sequences involving protecting-group manipulations. Herein, we report the one-pot synthesis of anomeric glycosyl phosphates through the condensation of unprotected carbohydrates with phospholipid derivatives while retaining high stereo- and regioselective control. The anomeric center was activated using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride to facilitate condensation with glycerol-3-phosphate derivatives in an aqueous solution. A water/propionitrile mixture provided superior stereoselectivity while maintaining good yields. Under these optimized conditions, the condensation of stable isotope-labeled glucose with phosphatidic acid provided efficient access to labeled glycophospholipids as an internal standard for mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kano
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Ishii
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeda
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | | | - Peter Greimel
- RIKEN, Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
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5
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Lassfolk R, Pedrón M, Tejero T, Merino P, Wärnå J, Leino R. Acetyl Group Migration in Xylan and Glucan Model Compounds as Studied by Experimental and Computational Methods. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14544-14554. [PMID: 36251002 PMCID: PMC9639004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It was recently demonstrated by us that acetyl groups in oligosaccharides can migrate not only within one saccharide unit but also between two different saccharide units. Kinetics of this phenomenon were previously investigated in both mannan model compounds and a naturally occurring polysaccharide. In addition to mannans, there are also several other naturally acetylated polysaccharides, such as xyloglucans and xylans. Both xyloglucans and xylans are some of the most common acetylated polysaccharides in nature, displaying important roles in the plant cells. Considering the various biological roles of natural polysaccharides, it could be hypothesized that the intramolecular migration of acetyl groups might also be associated with regulation of the biological activity of polysaccharides in nature. Consequently, a better understanding of the overall migration phenomenon across the glycosidic bonds could help to understand the potential role of such migrations in the context of the biological activity of polysaccharides. Here, we present a detailed investigation on acetyl group migration in the synthesized xylan and glucan trisaccharide model compounds by a combination of experimental and computational methods, showing that the migration between the saccharide units proceeds from a secondary hydroxyl group of one saccharide unit toward a primary hydroxyl group of the other unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lassfolk
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, 20500Turku, Finland
| | - Manuel Pedrón
- Institute
of Biocomputation & Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tomás Tejero
- Institute
of Chemical Synthesis & Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH), University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Institute
of Biocomputation & Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,
| | - Johan Wärnå
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500Turku, Finland
| | - Reko Leino
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, 20500Turku, Finland,
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6
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Feng Y, Guo T, Yang H, Liu G, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Chai Y. Ni(II)-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective O-Alkylation for the Construction of 1,2- cis-Glycosidic Linkages. Org Lett 2022; 24:6282-6287. [PMID: 35981295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-catalyzed O-alkylation for the regio- and stereoselective construction of 1,2-cis-glycosidic linkages is presented. With nonprecious and readily available Ni(II) as a catalyst, 1,2-cis-glycosides were obtained via O-alkylation of 1,2-carbohydrate diols that can be accessed in a small number of steps. The tedious design of protecting groups or anomeric leaving groups could be avoided with this method. The strategy was applied for the efficient preparation of an important commercialized glycosidic compatible solute GG, its derivative MGG, and a branched α-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingle Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Han Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yonghai Chai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
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7
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Hamaya Y, Komura N, Imamura A, Ishida H, Ando H, Tanaka HN. Protecting-group- and microwave-free synthesis of β-glycosyl esters and aryl β-glycosides of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 67:116852. [PMID: 35649323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A protecting-group-free method for synthesis of β-glycosyl esters and aryl β-glycosides was developed by using latent chemical reactivity of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) oxazoline. The GlcNAc oxazoline was spontaneously reacted with carboxylic acids and phenol derivatives via the oxazoline ring opening without the use of a catalyst or heating conditions (i.e., microwave irradiation), affording the desired products in moderate to excellent yields with β-selectivity. This simple protecting-group-free method exhibits a wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, and it allows the efficient production of a novel class of GlcNAc-conjugated biomaterials and prodrug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hamaya
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Hide-Nori Tanaka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Oceanography Section, Science Research Center, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
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8
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Qiu X, Garden AL, Fairbanks AJ. Protecting group free glycosylation: one-pot stereocontrolled access to 1,2- trans glycosides and (1→6)-linked disaccharides of 2-acetamido sugars. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4122-4130. [PMID: 35440979 PMCID: PMC8985506 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprotected 2-acetamido sugars may be directly converted into their oxazolines using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and a suitable base, in aqueous solution. Freeze drying and acid catalysed reaction with an alcohol as solvent produces the corresponding 1,2-trans-glycosides in good yield. Alternatively, dissolution in an aprotic solvent system and acidic activation in the presence of an excess of an unprotected glycoside as a glycosyl acceptor, results in the stereoselective formation of the corresponding 1,2-trans linked disaccharides without any protecting group manipulations. Reactions using aryl glycosides as acceptors are completely regioselective, producing only the (1→6)-linked disaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6140 New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand .,Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
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9
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Dey K, Jayaraman N. Anomeric alkylations and acylations of unprotected mono- and disaccharides mediated by pyridoneimine in aqueous solutions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2224-2227. [PMID: 35072677 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07056h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A site-specific deprotonation followed by alkylations and acylations of sugar hemiacetals to the corresponding alkyl glycosides and acylated sugars in aqueous solutions is disclosed herein. Pyridoneimine as a new base is developed to mediate the deprotonation of readily available sugar hemiacetals and further reactions with alkylation and acylation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Dey
- Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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10
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Zeeshan M, Ali H, Ain QU, Mukhtar M, Gul R, Sarwar A, Khan S. A holistic QBD approach to design galactose conjugated PLGA polymer and nanoparticles to catch macrophages during intestinal inflammation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112183. [PMID: 34082983 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recruited macrophages in inflammation attract various ligand-receptor drug delivery approaches. Galactose bound nanocarriers are promising to catch macrophages because of surface-expressed macrophage galactose type-lectin-C (MGL-2) receptor. The present study reported fabrication of galactose conjugated PLGA (GAL-PLGA) polymer and nanoparticles under quality by design (QBD) approach to investigate macrophages targeting potential at inflamed intestine. GAL-PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated through O/W emulsion-evaporation method under QBD approach and Box-Behnken design. Obtained GAL-PLGA nanoparticles have optimum particle size (~118 nm), drug entrapment (87%) and zeta potential (-9.5). TGA, XPRD and FTIR confirmed stability and negate drug-polymer interactions. Further, nanoparticles have considerable hemocompatibility, biocompatibility and cellular uptake; macrophage uptake was inhibited by D-galactose confirming involvement of MGL-2. Moreover, drug retention studies in the DSS-colitis model provide background for potential of nanoparticles to target and reside inflamed intestine. It is concluded that GAL-PLGA nanoparticles are suitable platform to target macrophages at the inflamed intestine through oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahira Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mahwash Mukhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Rabia Gul
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Atif Sarwar
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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11
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Fairbanks AJ. Applications of Shoda's reagent (DMC) and analogues for activation of the anomeric centre of unprotected carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108197. [PMID: 33256953 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC, herein also referred to as Shoda's reagent) and its derivatives are useful for numerous synthetic transformations in which the anomeric centre of unprotected reducing sugars is selectively activated in aqueous solution. As such unprotected sugars can undergo anomeric substitution with a range of added nucleophiles, providing highly efficient routes to a range of glycosides and glycoconjugates without the need for traditional protecting group manipulations. This mini-review summarizes the development of DMC and some of its derivatives/analogues, and highlights recent applications for protecting group-free synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
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12
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Sheppard DJ, Cameron SA, Tyler PC, Schwörer R. Comparison of disaccharide donors for heparan sulfate synthesis: uronic acids vs. their pyranose equivalents. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4728-4733. [PMID: 32531013 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00671h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Late oxidation of hexose based building blocks or the use of uronic acid containing building blocks are two complementary strategies in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, the latter simplifiying the later stages of the process. Here we report the synthesis and evaluation of various disaccharide donors-uronic acids and their pyranose equivalents-for the synthesis of heparan sulfate, using an established protective group strategy. Hexose based "imidate" type donors perform well in the studied glycosylations, while their corresponding uronate esters fall short; a uronate ester thioglycoside performs equal to, if not better than, a hexose thioglycoside equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Sheppard
- The Ferrier Research Institute - Te Kāuru, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Gracefield, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
| | - Scott A Cameron
- The Ferrier Research Institute - Te Kāuru, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Gracefield, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
| | - Peter C Tyler
- The Ferrier Research Institute - Te Kāuru, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Gracefield, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
| | - Ralf Schwörer
- The Ferrier Research Institute - Te Kāuru, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Gracefield, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
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13
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Direct Synthesis of para-Nitrophenyl Glycosides from Reducing Sugars in Water. Org Lett 2020; 22:2490-2493. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Center, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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14
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Scope of the DMC mediated glycosylation of unprotected sugars with phenols in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7355-7365. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of reducing sugars in aqueous solution using DMC and triethylamine in the presence of phenols allows direct stereoselective conversion to the corresponding 1,2-trans aryl glycosides without the need for any protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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15
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Meng S, Bhetuwal BR, Acharya PP, Zhu J. Facile Synthesis of Sugar Lactols via Bromine-Mediated Oxidation of Thioglycosides. J Carbohydr Chem 2019; 38:109-126. [PMID: 31396001 DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1581889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a variety of sugar lactols (hemiacetals) has been accomplished in moderate to excellent yields by using bromine-mediated oxidation of thioglycosides. It was found that acetonitrile is the optimal solvent for this oxidation reaction. This approach involving bromine as oxidant is superior to that using N-bromosuccimide (NBS) which produces byproduct succinimide often difficult to separate from the lactol products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Bishwa Raj Bhetuwal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Padam P Acharya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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16
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Fairbanks AJ. Meet the Board of ChemistryOpen: Antony J. Fairbanks. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:188-189. [PMID: 30740293 PMCID: PMC6356170 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antony J. Fairbanks is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. The research of his group focuses on the broad areas of organic synthesis, particularly applied to carbohydrates. He currently serves as an active Editorial Board member for ChemistryOpen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J. Fairbanks
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8140New Zealand
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17
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Dimakos V, Taylor MS. Site-Selective Functionalization of Hydroxyl Groups in Carbohydrate Derivatives. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11457-11517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Dimakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark S. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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18
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Li G, Noguchi M, Nakamura K, Hayasaka R, Tanaka Y, Shoda SI. First protection-free protocol for synthesis of 1-deoxy sugars through glycosyl dithiocarbamate intermediates. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Tatina MB, Khong DT, Judeh ZMA. Efficient Synthesis of α-Glycosyl Chlorides Using 2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Chloride: A Convenient Protocol for Quick One-Pot Glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Babu Tatina
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Duc Thinh Khong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Zaher M. A. Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
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20
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Alexander SR, Williams GM, Brimble MA, Fairbanks AJ. A double-click approach to the protecting group free synthesis of glycoconjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1258-1262. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of a bi-functional linker, containing an alkyne and an alkene, allows the protecting group free conjugation of reducing sugars to thiols via a double click process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
| | - G. M. Williams
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - M. A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - A. J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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21
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Meguro Y, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. Glycosyl Bunte Salts: A Class of Intermediates for Sugar Chemistry. Org Lett 2017; 20:76-79. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Meguro
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masato Noguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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22
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Murar CE, Harmand TJ, Bode JW. Improved synthesis of (S)-N-Boc-5-oxaproline for protein synthesis with the α-ketoacid-hydroxylamine (KAHA) ligation. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4996-5001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Serizawa K, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. First Detection of Unprotected 1,2-Anhydro Aldopyranoses. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Serizawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Masato Noguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
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24
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Downey AM, Hocek M. Strategies toward protecting group-free glycosylation through selective activation of the anomeric center. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1239-1279. [PMID: 28694870 PMCID: PMC5496566 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an immensely important biological process and one that is highly controlled and very efficient in nature. However, in a chemical laboratory the process is much more challenging and usually requires the extensive use of protecting groups to squelch reactivity at undesired reactive moieties. Nonetheless, by taking advantage of the differential reactivity of the anomeric center, a selective activation at this position is possible. As a result, protecting group-free strategies to effect glycosylations are available thanks to the tremendous efforts of many research groups. In this review, we showcase the methods available for the selective activation of the anomeric center on the glycosyl donor and the mechanisms by which the glycosylation reactions take place to illustrate the power these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Michael Downey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hocek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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25
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Wan IC(S, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Site-selective carbon–carbon bond formation in unprotected monosaccharides using photoredox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4926-4929. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01416c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-step site-selective, protection group-free synthesis of branched monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieng Chim (Steven) Wan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
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26
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Alexander SR, Lim D, Amso Z, Brimble MA, Fairbanks AJ. Protecting group free synthesis of glycosyl thiols from reducing sugars in water; application to the production of N-glycan glycoconjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2152-2156. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00112f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Un-protected 2-acetamido terminated reducing sugars may be converted into the corresponding glycosyl thiols in water, and conjugated to peptides using the thiol–ene click reaction without recourse to any protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
| | - D. Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
| | - Z. Amso
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - M. A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - A. J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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