1
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Ye J, Liang Q, Tan Q, Chai M, Cheng W, Fan M, Zhang Y, Zhan J, Wang Y, Wen J, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zhang D. A bulged-type enzyme-free recognition strategy designed for single nucleotide polymorphisms integrating with label-free electrochemical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116601. [PMID: 39053148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Compared to conventional nucleic acid detection methods, label-free single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection presents challenging due to the necessity of discerning single base mismatches, especially in the field of enzyme-free detection. In this study, we introduce a novel bulged-type DNA duplex probe designed to significantly amplify single-base differences. This probe is integrated with programmable DNA-based nanostructures to develop a sensitive, label-free biosensor for nonenzymatic SNP detection. The duplex probe with one bulge could selectively identify wild-typed DNA (WT) and mutant-type DNA (MT) based on a competitive strand displacement reaction mechanism. The hyperbranched HCR (HHCR) by incorporating of hairpin DNA into the DNA tetrahedron and surface-tethering on the portable screen printing electrode (SPCE) significantly favor the formation of negatively charged DNA nanostructure. We harnessed strong repulsion of DNA nanostructure towards the electroactive [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻/⁴⁻ in combination with electrochemical technique to create a label-free biosensor. This simple, enzyme-free and label-free biosensor could detect MT with a detection limit of 56 aM, even in multiple sequence backgrounds. The study served as the proof-of-concept for the integration of enzyme-free competitive mechanism and label-free strategy, which can be extended as a powerful tool to various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qianglong Tan
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Mengyao Chai
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Wendai Cheng
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Minzhi Fan
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yunshan Zhang
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- New Materials Computing Center, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiahong Wen
- The College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Diming Zhang
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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2
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Micro- and nano-devices for electrochemical sensing. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:459. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElectrode miniaturization has profoundly revolutionized the field of electrochemical sensing, opening up unprecedented opportunities for probing biological events with a high spatial and temporal resolution, integrating electrochemical systems with microfluidics, and designing arrays for multiplexed sensing. Several technological issues posed by the desire for downsizing have been addressed so far, leading to micrometric and nanometric sensing systems with different degrees of maturity. However, there is still an endless margin for researchers to improve current strategies and cope with demanding sensing fields, such as lab-on-a-chip devices and multi-array sensors, brain chemistry, and cell monitoring. In this review, we present current trends in the design of micro-/nano-electrochemical sensors and cutting-edge applications reported in the last 10 years. Micro- and nanosensors are divided into four categories depending on the transduction mechanism, e.g., amperometric, impedimetric, potentiometric, and transistor-based, to best guide the reader through the different detection strategies and highlight major advancements as well as still unaddressed demands in electrochemical sensing.
Graphical Abstract
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3
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Sena-Torralba A, Álvarez-Diduk R, Parolo C, Piper A, Merkoçi A. Toward Next Generation Lateral Flow Assays: Integration of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14881-14910. [PMID: 36067039 PMCID: PMC9523712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are currently the most used
point-of-care
sensors for both diagnostic (e.g., pregnancy test, COVID-19 monitoring)
and environmental (e.g., pesticides and bacterial monitoring) applications.
Although the core of LFA technology was developed several decades
ago, in recent years the integration of novel nanomaterials as signal
transducers or receptor immobilization platforms has brought improved
analytical capabilities. In this Review, we present how nanomaterial-based
LFAs can address the inherent challenges of point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics
such as sensitivity enhancement, lowering of detection limits, multiplexing,
and quantification of analytes in complex samples. Specifically, we
highlight the strategies that can synergistically solve the limitations
of current LFAs and that have proven commercial feasibility. Finally,
we discuss the barriers toward commercialization and the next generation
of LFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeo Sena-Torralba
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ruslan Álvarez-Diduk
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Parolo
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Piper
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Xu Y, Chen H, Xu S, Liu J, Chen Y, Gui L, Li H, Li R, Yuan Z, Li B. β-Lactamase-Responsive Probe for Efficient Photodynamic Therapy of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1361-1371. [PMID: 35442628 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several photosensitizers have recently been proposed as novel approaches against β-lactamase-producing drug-resistant bacteria. However, these reported photosensitizers are rarely used for accurate recognition of drug-resistant bacteria. To tackle this challenge, the structurally modified photosensitizer CySG-2 based on a lipophilic cationic heptamethine indocyanine near-infrared (NIR) dye (IR-780) and an important synthesis intermediate of cephalosporin antibiotic (GCLE) not only achieved the accurate recognition of TEM-1 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) successfully but also achieved antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in animal models infected by drug-resistant bacteria. Accurate enzyme recognition and efficient photodynamic therapy capabilities allow CySG-2 to achieve one stone with two birds. In addition, CySG-2 could also promote the eradication of internalized MRSA by facilitating the autophagy process, which is synergistic with its capacity of inducing reactive oxygen species generation under NIR laser irradiation for aPDT. Collectively, it is an effective multifunctional photosensitizer with the potential ability to guide the optimal use of different antibiotics and apply them in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Cancer Systems Imaging Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCR4.3600, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Shufen Xu
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhenwei Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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5
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Poujouly C, Le Gall J, Freisa M, Kechkeche D, Bouville D, Khemir J, Gonzalez-Losada P, Gamby J. Microfluidic Chip for the Electrochemical Detection of MicroRNAs: Methylene Blue Increasing the Specificity of the Biosensor. Front Chem 2022; 10:868909. [PMID: 35425760 PMCID: PMC9002130 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.868909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are biomarkers involved in biological processes that are released by cells and found in biological fluids such as blood. The development of nucleic acid-based biosensors has significantly increased in the past 10 years because the detection of such nucleic acids can easily be applied in the field of early diagnosis. These biosensors need to be sensitive, specific, and fast in order to be effective. This work introduces a newly-built electrochemical biosensor that enables a fast detection in 30 min and, as a result of its integration in microfluidics, presents a limit of detection as low as 1 aM. The litterature concerning the specificity of electrochemical biosensors includes several studies that report one base-mismatch, with the base-mismatch located in the middle of the strand. We report an electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor integrated into a microfluidic chip, allowing for a one-base-mismatch specificity independently from the location of the mismatch in the strand. This specificity was improved using a solution of methylene blue, making it possible to discriminate a partial hybridization from a complete and complementary hybridization.
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6
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Piper A, Corrigan DK, Mount AR. An electrochemical comparison of thiolated self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) formation and stability in solution on macro‐ and nanoelectrodes. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Piper
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK
| | - Andrew R. Mount
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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7
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Roehrich B, Liu EZ, Silverstein R, Sepunaru L. Detection and Characterization of Single Particles by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9748-9753. [PMID: 34591489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique that can detect and characterize single particles as they collide with an electrode in solution. This extension of single-particle electrochemistry offers more information than typical amperometric single-entity measurements, as EIS can isolate concurrent capacitive, resistive, and diffusional processes on the basis of their time scales. Using a simple model system, we show that time-resolved EIS can detect individual polystyrene particles that stochastically collide with an electrode. Discrete changes are observed in various equivalent circuit elements, corresponding to the physical properties of the single particles. The advantages of EIS are leveraged to separate kinetic and diffusional processes, enabling enhanced precision in measurements of the size of the particles. In a broader context, the frequency analysis and single-object resolution afforded by this technique can provide valuable insights into single pseudocapacitive microparticles, electrocatalysts, and other energy-relevant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Roehrich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Eric Z Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Ravit Silverstein
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Lior Sepunaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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8
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Macdonald A, Hawkes LA, Corrigan DK. Recent advances in biomedical, biosensor and clinical measurement devices for use in humans and the potential application of these technologies for the study of physiology and disease in wild animals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200228. [PMID: 34176326 PMCID: PMC8237170 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of achieving enhanced diagnosis and continuous monitoring of human health has led to a vibrant, dynamic and well-funded field of research in medical sensing and biosensor technologies. The field has many sub-disciplines which focus on different aspects of sensor science; engaging engineers, chemists, biochemists and clinicians, often in interdisciplinary teams. The trends which dominate include the efforts to develop effective point of care tests and implantable/wearable technologies for early diagnosis and continuous monitoring. This review will outline the current state of the art in a number of relevant fields, including device engineering, chemistry, nanoscience and biomolecular detection, and suggest how these advances might be employed to develop effective systems for measuring physiology, detecting infection and monitoring biomarker status in wild animals. Special consideration is also given to the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance and in the light of the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, zoonotic infections. Both of these areas involve significant crossover between animal and human health and are therefore well placed to seed technological developments with applicability to both human and animal health and, more generally, the reviewed technologies have significant potential to find use in the measurement of physiology in wild animals. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part II)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Macdonald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Centre, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
| | - Lucy A. Hawkes
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Centre, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
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9
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Development of Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Equine Hindgut Acidosis Detection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072319. [PMID: 33810389 PMCID: PMC8037926 DOI: 10.3390/s21072319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pH drop in the hindgut of the horse is caused by lactic acid-producing bacteria which are abundant when a horse’s feeding regime is excessively carbohydrate rich. This drop in pH below six causes hindgut acidosis and may lead to laminitis. Lactic acid-producing bacteria Streptococcus equinus and Mitsuokella jalaludinii have been found to produce high amounts of L-lactate and D-lactate, respectively. Early detection of increased levels of these bacteria could allow the horse owner to tailor the horse’s diet to avoid hindgut acidosis and subsequent laminitis. Therefore, 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequences were identified and modified to obtain target single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from these bacteria. Complementary single stranded DNAs were designed from the modified target sequences to form capture probes. Binding between capture probe and target single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) in solution has been studied by gel electrophoresis. Among pairs of different capture probes and target single stranded DNA, hybridization of Streptococcus equinus capture probe 1 (SECP1) and Streptococcus equinus target 1 (SET1) was portrayed as gel electrophoresis. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry was utilized to study the binding of thiol modified SECP1 over gold on glass substrates and these studies showed a consistent binding signal of thiol modified SECP1 and their hybridization with SET1 over the gold working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to examine the binding of thiol modified SECP1 on the gold working electrode and hybridization of thiol modified SECP1 with the target single stranded DNA. Both demonstrated the gold working electrode surface was modified with a capture probe layer and hybridization of the thiol bound ssDNA probe with target DNA was indicated. Therefore, the proposed electrochemical biosensor has the potential to be used for the detection of the non-synthetic bacterial DNA target responsible for equine hindgut acidosis.
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10
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Attoye B, Baker MJ, Thomson F, Pou C, Corrigan DK. Optimisation of an Electrochemical DNA Sensor for Measuring KRAS G12D and G13D Point Mutations in Different Tumour Types. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11020042. [PMID: 33562505 PMCID: PMC7914712 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is widely used in liquid biopsies due to having a presence in the blood that is typically in proportion to the stage of the cancer and because it may present a quick and practical method of capturing tumour heterogeneity. This paper outlines a simple electrochemical technique adapted towards point-of-care cancer detection and treatment monitoring from biofluids using a label-free detection strategy. The mutations used for analysis were the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations, which are both important in the initiation, progression and drug resistance of many human cancers, leading to a high mortality rate. A low-cost DNA sensor was developed to specifically investigate these common circulating tumour markers. Initially, we report on some developments made in carbon surface pre-treatment and the electrochemical detection scheme which ensure the most sensitive measurement technique is employed. Following pre-treatment of the sensor to ensure homogeneity, DNA probes developed specifically for detection of the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations were immobilized onto low-cost screen printed carbon electrodes using diazonium chemistry and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling. Prior to electrochemical detection, the sensor was functionalised with target DNA amplified by standard and specialist PCR methodologies (6.3% increase). Assay development steps and DNA detection experiments were performed using standard voltammetry techniques. Sensitivity (as low as 0.58 ng/μL) and specificity (>300%) was achieved by detecting mutant KRAS G13D PCR amplicons against a background of wild-type KRAS DNA from the representative cancer sample and our findings give rise to the basis of a simple and very low-cost system for measuring ctDNA biomarkers in patient samples. The current time to receive results from the system was 3.5 h with appreciable scope for optimisation, thus far comparing favourably to the UK National Health Service biopsy service where patients can wait for weeks for biopsy results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bukola Attoye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Matthew J. Baker
- Technology and Innovation Centre, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK;
| | - Fiona Thomson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (F.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Chantevy Pou
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (F.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
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11
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Manohar Raju V, Bhavana V, Gayathri G, Suryan S, Reddy R, Reddy N, Ravikumar C, Sridhar Santosh M. A novel disposable electrochemical DNA biosensor for the rapid detection of Bacillus thuringiensis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Öberg Månsson I, Piper A, Hamedi MM. Weaving Off-The-Shelf Yarns into Textile Micro Total Analysis Systems (μTAS). Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000150. [PMID: 32686256 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Textile based biosensors have garnered much interest in recent years. Devices woven out of yarns have the ability to be incorporated into clothing and bandages. Most woven devices reported in the literature require yarns that are not available on an industrial scale or that require modifications which are not possible in large scale manufacturing. In this work, commercially produced yarns are taken without any modification or cleaning, and developed woven textile diagnostic devices out of them. The yarn properties that are important to their function within the device have been characterised and discussed. The wicking ability and analyte retention of Coolmax yarns, developed to wick sweat in mass produced sportswear, are determined. The electrochemistry and functionalizability of Au coated multifilament yarns are investigated with no cleaning or treatment and are found to have as good a thiolate self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coverage as cleaned Au disk electrodes. The feasibility of using these yarns is established off the shelf, with no cleaning, to make woven capillary force driven microfluidic devices and three electrode sensing devices. A proof of principle three electrode system capable of detecting clinically relevant concentrations of glucose in human sweat is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Öberg Månsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 10044, Sweden
| | - Andrew Piper
- Department of Fibre and Polymer technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 10044, Sweden
| | - Mahiar Max Hamedi
- Department of Fibre and Polymer technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 10044, Sweden
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13
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Khaliliazar S, Ouyang L, Piper A, Chondrogiannis G, Hanze M, Herland A, Hamedi MM. Electrochemical Detection of Genomic DNA Utilizing Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and Stem-Loop Probe. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12103-12109. [PMID: 32548389 PMCID: PMC7271026 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid tests integrated into digital point-of-care (POC) diagnostic systems have great potential for the future of health care. However, current methods of DNA amplification and detection require bulky and expensive equipment, many steps, and long process times, which complicate their integration into POC devices. We have combined an isothermal DNA amplification method, recombinase polymerase amplification, with an electrochemical stem-loop (S-L) probe DNA detection technique. By combining these methods, we have created a system that is able to specifically amplify and detect as few as 10 copies/μL Staphylococcus epidermidis DNA with a total time to result of 70-75 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Khaliliazar
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liangqi Ouyang
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Piper
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios Chondrogiannis
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Hanze
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Herland
- Department
of Micro and Nanosystem; School of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10, SE 114 28, Stockholm Sweden
- AIMES,
Advancement for Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, SE 171 77, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mahiar Max Hamedi
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Engineering Sciences in
Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tekninkringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Coverage degrees of colloids on electrochemical electrodes and signal amplification for anti-citrullinated peptide antibody detection. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2020.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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15
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Recent Advances in Electrochemical and Optical Biosensors Designed for Detection of Interleukin 6. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20030646. [PMID: 31979357 PMCID: PMC7038342 DOI: 10.3390/s20030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6), being a major component of homeostasis, immunomodulation, and hematopoiesis, manifests multiple pathological conditions when upregulated in response to viral, microbial, carcinogenic, or autoimmune stimuli. High fidelity immunosensors offer real-time monitoring of IL-6 and facilitate early prognosis of life-threatening diseases. Different approaches to augment robustness and enhance overall performance of biosensors have been demonstrated over the past few years. Electrochemical- and fluorescence-based detection methods with integrated electronics have been subjects of intensive research due to their ability to offer a better signal-to-noise ratio, high specificity, ultra-sensitivity, and wide dynamic range. In this review, the pleiotropic role of IL-6 and its clinical significance is discussed in detail, followed by detection schemes devised so far for their quantitative analysis. A critical review on underlying signal amplification strategies and performance of electrochemical and optical biosensors is presented. In conclusion, we discuss the reliability and feasibility of the proposed detection technologies for commercial applications.
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Erdem A, Eksin E. Electrochemical Detection of Solution Phase Hybridization Related to Single Nucleotide Mutation by Carbon Nanofibers Enriched Electrodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3377. [PMID: 31623126 PMCID: PMC6829215 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a sensitive and selective impedimetric detection of solution-phase nucleic acid hybridization related to Factor V Leiden (FV Leiden) mutation was performed by carbon nanofibers (CNF) modified screen printed electrodes (SPE). The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of CNF-SPEs was explored in comparison to the unmodified electrodes. Since the FV Leiden mutation is a widespread inherited risk factor predisposing to venous thromboembolism, this study herein aimed to perform the impedimetric detection of FV Leiden mutation by a zip nucleic acid (ZNA) probe-based assay in combination with CNF-SPEs. The selectivity of the assay was then examined against the mutation-free DNA sequences as well as the synthetic PCR samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzum Erdem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
| | - Ece Eksin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
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A review of microfabricated electrochemical biosensors for DNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 134:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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A Microelectrode Array with Reproducible Performance Shows Loss of Consistency Following Functionalization with a Self-Assembled 6-Mercapto-1-hexanol Layer. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18061891. [PMID: 29890722 PMCID: PMC6022024 DOI: 10.3390/s18061891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For analytical applications involving label-free biosensors and multiple measurements, i.e., across an electrode array, it is essential to develop complete sensor systems capable of functionalization and of producing highly consistent responses. To achieve this, a multi-microelectrode device bearing twenty-four equivalent 50 µm diameter Pt disc microelectrodes was designed in an integrated 3-electrode system configuration and then fabricated. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used for initial electrochemical characterization of the individual working electrodes. These confirmed the expected consistency of performance with a high degree of measurement reproducibility for each microelectrode across the array. With the aim of assessing the potential for production of an enhanced multi-electrode sensor for biomedical use, the working electrodes were then functionalized with 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH). This is a well-known and commonly employed surface modification process, which involves the same principles of thiol attachment chemistry and self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formation commonly employed in the functionalization of electrodes and the formation of biosensors. Following this SAM formation, the reproducibility of the observed electrochemical signal between electrodes was seen to decrease markedly, compromising the ability to achieve consistent analytical measurements from the sensor array following this relatively simple and well-established surface modification. To successfully and consistently functionalize the sensors, it was necessary to dilute the constituent molecules by a factor of ten thousand to support adequate SAM formation on microelectrodes. The use of this multi-electrode device therefore demonstrates in a high throughput manner irreproducibility in the SAM formation process at the higher concentration, even though these electrodes are apparently functionalized simultaneously in the same film formation environment, confirming that the often seen significant electrode-to-electrode variation in label-free SAM biosensing films formed under such conditions is not likely to be due to variation in film deposition conditions, but rather kinetically controlled variation in the SAM layer formation process at these microelectrodes.
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Abstract
Advancements in microfabrication has enabled manufacturing of microscopic neurostimulation electrodes with smaller footprint than ever possible. The smaller electrodes can potentially reduce tissue damage and allow better spatial resolution for neural stimulation. Although electrodes of any shape can easily be fabricated, substantial effort have been focused on identification and characterization of new materials and surface morphology for efficient charge injection, while maintaining simple circular or rectangular Euclidean electrode geometries. In this work we provide a systematic electrochemical evaluation of charge injection capacities of serpentine and fractal-shaped platinum microelectrodes and compare their performance with traditional circular microelectrodes. Our findings indicate that the increase in electrode perimeter leads to an increase in maximum charge injection capacity. Furthermore, we found that the electrode geometry can have even more significant impact on electrode performance than having a larger perimeter for a given surface area. The fractal-shaped microelectrodes, despite having smaller perimeter than other designs, demonstrated superior charge injection capacity. Our results suggest that electrode design can significantly affect both Faradaic and non-Faradaic electrochemical processes, which may be optimized to enable a more energy efficient design for neurostimulation.
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