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Notarstefano V, Belloni A, Mariani P, Orilisi G, Orsini G, Giorgini E, Byrne HJ. Multivariate curve Resolution-Alternating least squares coupled with Raman microspectroscopy: new insights into the kinetic response of primary oral squamous carcinoma cells to cisplatin. Analyst 2023; 148:4365-4372. [PMID: 37548234 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01182h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Raman MicroSpectroscopy (RMS) is a powerful label-free tool to probe the effects of drugs at a cellular/subcellular level. It is important, however, to be able to extract relevant biochemical and kinetic spectroscopic signatures of the specific cellular responses. In the present study, a combination of Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to analyse the RMS data for the example of exposure of primary Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells (OSCC) to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Dosing regimens were established by cytotoxicity assays, and the effects of the drug on cellular spectral profiles were monitored from 16 to 72 hours post-exposure using an apoptosis assay, to establish the relative populations of viable (V), early (EA) and late apoptotic/dead (LA/D) cells after the drug treatment. Based on a kinetic model of the progression from V > EA > D, MCR-ALS regression analysis of the RMS responses was able to extract spectral profiles associated with each stage of the cellular responses, enabling a quantitative comparison of the response rates for the respective drug treatments. Moreover, PCA was used to compare the spectral profiles of the viable cells exposed to the drug. Spectral differences were highlighted in the early stages (16 hours exposure), indicative of the initial cellular response to the drug treatment, and also in the late stages (48-72 hours exposure), representing the cell death pathway. The study demonstrates that RMS coupled with multivariate analysis can be used to quantitatively monitor the progression of cellular responses to different drugs, towards future applications for label-free, in vitro, pre-clinical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin, Ireland
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Patil N, Howe O, Cahill P, Byrne HJ. Monitoring and modelling the dynamics of the cellular glycolysis pathway: A review and future perspectives. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101635. [PMID: 36379354 PMCID: PMC9703637 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dynamics of the cellular glycolysis pathway underpin cellular function and dysfunction, and therefore ultimately health, disease, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Evolving our understanding of this fundamental process and its dynamics remains critical. SCOPE OF REVIEW This paper reviews the medical relevance of glycolytic pathway in depth and explores the current state of the art for monitoring and modelling the dynamics of the process. The future perspectives of label free, vibrational microspectroscopic techniques to overcome the limitations of the current approaches are considered. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Vibrational microspectroscopic techniques can potentially operate in the niche area of limitations of other omics technologies for non-destructive, real-time, in vivo label-free monitoring of glycolysis dynamics at a cellular and subcellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Patil
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland; School of Physics and Optometric & Clinical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, Ireland.
| | - Orla Howe
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Paul Cahill
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Pérez-Guaita D, Quintás G, Farhane Z, Tauler R, Byrne HJ. Combining Pharmacokinetics and Vibrational Spectroscopy: MCR-ALS Hard-and-Soft Modelling of Drug Uptake In Vitro Using Tailored Kinetic Constraints. Cells 2022; 11:1555. [PMID: 35563861 PMCID: PMC9099467 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman microspectroscopy is a label-free technique which is very suited for the investigation of pharmacokinetics of cellular uptake, mechanisms of interaction, and efficacies of drugs in vitro. However, the complexity of the spectra makes the identification of spectral patterns associated with the drug and subsequent cellular responses difficult. Indeed, multivariate methods that relate spectral features to the inoculation time do not normally take into account the kinetics involved, and important theoretical information which could assist in the elucidation of the relevant spectral signatures is excluded. Here, we propose the integration of kinetic equations in the modelling of drug uptake and subsequent cellular responses using Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) and tailored kinetic constraints, based on a system of ordinary differential equations. Advantages of and challenges to the methodology were evaluated using simulated Raman spectral data sets and real Raman spectra acquired from A549 and Calu-1 human lung cells inoculated with doxorubicin, in vitro. The results suggest a dependency of the outcome on the system of equations used, and the importance of the temporal resolution of the data set to enable the use of complex equations. Nevertheless, the use of tailored kinetic constraints during MCR-ALS allowed a more comprehensive modelling of the system, enabling the elucidation of not only the time-dependent concentration profiles and spectral features of the drug binding and cellular responses, but also an accurate computation of the kinetic constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pérez-Guaita
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
- Department of Anaytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quintás
- Health and Biomedicine, Leitat Technological Centre, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Zeineb Farhane
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Romá Tauler
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)—Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 08043 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
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Abstract
The development of molecular nanostructures with well-defined particle size and shape is of eminent interest in biomedicine. Among many studied nanostructures, dendrimers represent the group of those most thoroughly characterized ones. Due to their unique structure and properties, dendrimers are very attractive for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Owing to the controllable cavities inside the dendrimer, guest molecules may be encapsulated, and highly reactive terminal groups are susceptible to further modifications, e.g., to facilitate target delivery. To understand the potential of these nanoparticles and to predict and avoid any adverse cellular reactions, it is necessary to know the mechanisms responsible for an efficient dendrimer uptake and the destination of their intracellular journey. In this article, we summarize the results of studies describing the dendrimer uptake, traffic, and efflux mechanisms depending on features of specific nanoparticles and cell types. We also present mechanisms of dendrimers responsible for toxicity and alteration in signal transduction pathways at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ziemba
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Borowiec
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ida Franiak-Pietryga
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Moore C, Harvey A, Coleman JN, Byrne HJ, McIntyre J. Label-free screening of biochemical changes in macrophage-like cells following MoS 2 exposure using Raman micro-spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:118916. [PMID: 33032120 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of large scale production techniques for 2D particulate materials has dramatically increased their applications potential. Understanding the interactions of biological cells with such particulate material is therefore of paramount importance, both for toxicological assessment and potential biomedical applications. Conventional in-vitro cytological assays commonly record only a single colorimetric end-point, and do not provide an in-depth analysis of how such materials are uptaken and processed within cells. To demonstrate its potential as an alternative, label free approach, confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy has been used to profile the cellular response of macrophage-like immune cells as a result of exposure to a sub-lethal dose of particulate MoS2, as an example novel 2D material. Particles were seen to be uptaken and trafficked in sub-cellular vesicles, and this sensitive technique allows differences in the biochemical composition of the vesicles to be assessed and monitored as a function of time. Untreated macrophage-like cells contain lipidic vesicles which are found to be relatively rich in the membrane lipid sphingomyelin, key to the process of cell membrane regeneration. After exposure to MoS2, the particulate material is seen to be invaginated in similar vesicles, the most prominent of which now, however, have spectroscopic signatures which are dominated by those of phosphatidyl family lipids, consistent with the phagocytotic pathway. The lipidic content of cells is seen to increase at all time-points (4, 24 and 72 h). although vesicles composed of sphingomyelin become more prominent again following a prolonged incubation of 72 h to a sub-lethal dose of MoS2, as the immune cell has processed the particulate material and initiates recovery to a normal/untreated state. This study reveals Raman micro-spectroscopy is an effective method for monitoring cellular responses and evolution of organelle compositions in response to MoS2 exposure. The additional benefit of using this technique is that cells can be monitored as a function of time, while it can also be used for screening other micro/nano materials for toxicology and/or establishing cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moore
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Centre Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Andrew Harvey
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures & Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jonathan N Coleman
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures & Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Centre Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Byrne HJ, Bonnier F, Efeoglu E, Moore C, McIntyre J. In vitro Label Free Raman Microspectroscopic Analysis to Monitor the Uptake, Fate and Impacts of Nanoparticle Based Materials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:544311. [PMID: 33195114 PMCID: PMC7658377 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.544311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The continued emergence of nanoscale materials for nanoparticle-based therapy, sensing and imaging, as well as their more general adoption in a broad range of industrial applications, has placed increasing demands on the ability to assess their interactions and impacts at a cellular and subcellular level, both in terms of potentially beneficial and detrimental effects. Notably, however, many such materials have been shown to interfere with conventional in vitro cellular assays that record only a single colorimetric end-point, challenging the ability to rapidly screen cytological responses. As an alternative, Raman microspectroscopy can spatially profile the biochemical content of cells, and any changes to it as a result of exogenous agents, such as toxicants or therapeutic agents, in a label free manner. In the confocal mode, analysis can be performed at a subcellular level. The technique has been employed to confirm the cellular uptake and subcellular localization of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs), graphene and molybdenum disulfide micro/nano plates (MoS2), based on their respective characteristic spectroscopic signatures. In the case of PSNPs it was further employed to identify their local subcellular environment in endosomes, lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, while for MoS2 particles, it was employed to monitor subcellular degradation as a function of time. For amine functionalized PSNPs, the potential of Raman microspectroscopy to quantitatively characterize the dose and time dependent toxic responses has been explored, in a number of cell lines. Comparing the responses to those of poly (amidoamine) nanoscale polymeric dendrimers, differentiation of apoptotic and necrotic pathways based on the cellular spectroscopic responses was demonstrated. Drawing in particular from the experience of the authors, this paper details the progress to date in the development of applications of Raman microspectroscopy for in vitro, label free analysis of the uptake, fate and impacts of nanoparticle based materials, in vitro, and the prospects for the development of a routine, label free high content spectroscopic analysis technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Franck Bonnier
- UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Esen Efeoglu
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Moore
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer McIntyre
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Zhang W, Rhodes JS, Garg A, Takemoto JY, Qi X, Harihar S, Tom Chang CW, Moon KR, Zhou A. Label-free discrimination and quantitative analysis of oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity and potential protection of antioxidants using Raman micro-spectroscopy and machine learning. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:221-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang C, Makvandi P, Zare EN, Tay FR, Niu L. Advances in Antimicrobial Organic and Inorganic Nanocompounds in Biomedicine. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen‐yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 China
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz 6153753843 Iran
- Institute for Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR) Naples 80125 Italy
| | | | - Franklin R. Tay
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 China
- College of Graduate StudiesAugusta University Augusta GA 30912 USA
| | - Li‐na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 China
- College of Graduate StudiesAugusta University Augusta GA 30912 USA
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A multi-scale approach to study biochemical and biophysical aspects of resveratrol on diesel exhaust particle-human primary lung cell interaction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18178. [PMID: 31796766 PMCID: PMC6890693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are major air pollutants that lead to numerous human disorders, especially pulmonary diseases, partly through the induction of oxidative stress. Resveratrol is a polyphenol that ameliorates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and delays aging-related processes. Herein we studied the cytoprotective effect of resveratrol on DEP-exposed human lung cells in a factorial experimental design. This work investigates biophysical features including cellular compositions and biomechanical properties, which were measured at the single-cell level using confocal Raman microspectroscopy (RM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and partial least square regression (PLS) analysis were applied to analyze Raman spectra with and without resveratrol protection. The health status of individual cells could be effectively predicted using an index derived from characteristic Raman spectral peak (e.g., 1006 cm−1) based on PLS model. AFM measurements indicated that cellular adhesion force was greatly reduced, while Young’s modulus was highly elevated in resveratrol treated DEP-exposed cells. Anti-oxidant resveratrol reduced DEP-induced ROS production and suppressed releases of several cytokines and chemokines. These findings suggest resveratrol may enhance resistance of human lung cells (e.g., SAEC) to air pollutants (e.g. DEPs).
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Fazio E, Speciale A, Spadaro S, Bonsignore M, Cimino F, Cristani M, Trombetta D, Saija A, Neri F. Evaluation of biological response induced by molybdenum oxide nanocolloids on in vitro cultured NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Byrne HJ, Bonnier F, Casey A, Maher M, McIntyre J, Efeoglu E, Farhane Z. Advancing Raman microspectroscopy for cellular and subcellular analysis: towards in vitro high-content spectralomic analysis. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:E11-E19. [PMID: 30117916 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the confocal mode, Raman microspectroscopy can profile the biochemical content of biological cells at a subcellular level, and any changes to it by exogenous agents, such as therapeutic drugs or toxicants. As an exploration of the potential of the technique as a high-content, label-free analysis technique, this report reviews work to monitor the spectroscopic signatures associated with the uptake and response pathways of commercial chemotherapeutic agents and polymeric nanoparticles by human lung cells. It is demonstrated that the signatures are reproducible and characteristic of the cellular event, and can be used, for example, to identify the mode of action of the agent as well as the subsequent cell death pathway, and even mechanisms of cellular resistance. Data mining approaches are discussed and a spectralomics approach is proposed.
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12
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Efeoglu E, Maher MA, Casey A, Byrne HJ. Toxicological assessment of nanomaterials: the role of in vitro Raman microspectroscopic analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:1631-1646. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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