1
|
Poryvaev AS, Efremov AA, Alimov DV, Smirnova KA, Polyukhov DM, Sagdeev RZ, Jacoutot S, Marque SRA, Fedin MV. Nanoscale solvent organization in metal-organic framework ZIF-8 probed by EPR of flexible β-phosphorylated nitroxides. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5268-5276. [PMID: 38577353 PMCID: PMC10988587 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05724k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) draw increasing attention as nanoenvironments for chemical reactions, especially in the field of catalysis. Knowing the specifics of MOF cavities is decisive in many of these cases; yet, obtaining them in situ remains very challenging. We report the first direct assessment of the apparent polarity and solvent organization inside MOF cavities using a dedicated structurally flexible spin probe. A stable β-phosphorylated nitroxide radical was incorporated into the cavities of a prospective MOF ZIF-8 in trace amounts. The spectroscopic properties of this probe depend on local polarity, structuredness, stiffness and cohesive pressure and can be precisely monitored by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Using this approach, we have demonstrated experimentally that the cavities of bare ZIF-8 are sensed by guest molecules as highly non-polar inside. When various alcohols fill the cavities, remarkable self-organization of solvent molecules is observed leading to a higher apparent polarity in MOFs compared to the corresponding bulk alcohols. Accounting for such nanoorganization phenomena can be crucial for optimization of chemical reactions in MOFs, and the proposed methodology provides unique routes to study MOF cavities inside in situ, thus aiding in their various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artem S Poryvaev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Efremov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Dmitry V Alimov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Kristina A Smirnova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | | | - Renad Z Sagdeev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Samuel Jacoutot
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, UMR Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen 7273 Marseille 13397 CEDEX 20 France
| | - Sylvain R A Marque
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, UMR Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen 7273 Marseille 13397 CEDEX 20 France
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li M, Zhang T, Shi Y, Duan C. Harnessing Radicals in Confined Supramolecular Environments Made Possible by MOFs. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300158. [PMID: 37310416 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Researching and utilizing radical intermediates in organic synthetic chemistry have innovated discoveries in methodology and theory. Reactions concerning free radical species opened new pathways beyond the frame of the two-electron mechanism while commonly characterized as rampant processes lacking selectivity. As a result, research in this field has always focused on the controllable generation of radical species and determining factors of selectivity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as compelling candidates as catalysts in radical chemistry. From a catalytic point of view, the porous nature of MOFs entails an inner phase for the reaction that could offer possibilities for the regulation of reactivity and selectivity. From a material science perspecti ve, MOFs are organic-inorganic hybrid materials that integrate functional units in organic compounds and complex forms in the tunable long-ranged periodic structure. In this account, we summarized our progress in the application of MOFs in radical chemistry in three parts: (1) The generation of radical species; (2) The weak interactions and site selectivity; (3) Regio- and stereo-selectivity. The unique role of MOFs play in these paradigms is demonstrated in a supramolecular narrative through the analyses of the multi-constituent collaboration within the MOF and the interactions between MOFs and the intermediates during the reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mochen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Tiexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han Z, Wang J, Du P, Chen J, Huo S, Guo H, Lu X. Highly Facile Strategy for Detecting D 2O in H 2O by Porphyrin-Based Luminescent Probes. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8426-8432. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Han
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Juxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Peiyao Du
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shuhui Huo
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Huixia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gorbunova YG, Enakieva YY, Volostnykh MV, Sinelshchikova AA, Abdulaeva IA, Birin KP, Tsivadze AY. Porous porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks: synthesis, structure, sorption properties and application prospects. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
5
|
Wei W, Zhang X, Lu L, Feng S. Novel 2D isomorphic lanthanide complexes based on a bifunctional 5-(pyridin-3-yloxy)isophthalic acid: synthesis, structure, fluorescence and magnetic properties. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Tb(iii)-complex can be used as a multifunctional luminescent sensor presenting visual quenching responses towards acetone, Fe3+ and CrO42− in aqueous solution with high sensitivity and low detection limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wei
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Lu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Feng
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chongdar S, Bhattacharjee S, Bhanja P, Bhaumik A. Porous organic-inorganic hybrid materials for catalysis, energy and environmental applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3429-3460. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06340e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of organic functionalities into the porous inorganic materials make the resulting hybrid porous framework not only more flexible and hydrophobic, but also provide additional scope for further functionalization, which...
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Zee DZ, Harris TD. Enhancing catalytic alkane hydroxylation by tuning the outer coordination sphere in a heme-containing metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5447-5452. [PMID: 32874492 PMCID: PMC7449529 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic heme active sites of enzymes are sequestered by the protein superstructure and are regulated by precisely defined outer coordination spheres. Here, we emulate these protective functions in the porphyrinic metal-organic framework PCN-224 by post-synthetic acetylation and subsequent hydroxylation of the Zr6 nodes. A suite of physical methods demonstrates that both transformations preserve framework structure, crystallinity, and porosity without modifying the inner coordination spheres of the iron sites. Single-crystal X-ray analyses establish that acetylation replaces the mixture of formate, benzoate, aqua, and terminal hydroxo ligands at the Zr6 nodes with acetate ligands, and hydroxylation affords nodes with seven-coordinate, hydroxo-terminated Zr4+ ions. The chemical influence of these reactions is probed with heme-catalyzed cyclohexane hydroxylation as a model reaction. By virtue of passivated reactive sites at the Zr6 nodes, the acetylated framework oxidizes cyclohexane with a yield of 68(8)%, 2.6-fold higher than in the hydroxylated framework, and an alcohol/ketone ratio of 5.6(3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Z Zee
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
| | - T David Harris
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song Y, Yang J, Wang L, Xie Z. Metal‐Organic Sheets for Efficient Drug Delivery and Bioimaging. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:416-419. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jingjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Di Y, Cui X, Liu Y, Zhou C, Di Y. One novel functional Cd-CPs as luminescent sensor for efficient sensing of Fe3+ cations in aqueous solution. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
11
|
Liu G, Lu YK, Ma YY, Wang XQ, Hou L, Wang YY. Syntheses of three new isostructural lanthanide coordination polymers with tunable emission colours through bimetallic doping, and their luminescence sensing properties. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13607-13613. [PMID: 31460536 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tuning the emissive color changes of lanthanide (Ln) complexes is an important and appealing project for promoting the applications of Ln-complexes. A solvothermal reaction of 4-cyano-3-methylbenzoic acid (HL) and Ln(NO3)3·6H2O affords three isostructural Ln-complexes [Eu(L)3(H2O)2]n (1-Ln) (Ln = Eu, Gd and Tb) with one-dimensional chain structures. 1-Eu and 1-Tb show bright red and green emissions with absolute quantum yields of 3.06% and 11.96%, respectively, and the energy transfer was analyzed in detail through combined calculations. Interestingly, a series of heterometallic doped 1-TbxEu1-x coordination polymers were also obtained by mixing different ratios of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions, which possess continuous luminescent color changes from green to yellow, orange and red. In addition, 1-Eu exhibits high quenching efficiency and low detection limit (∼10-4 M) for the simultaneous sensing of MnO4-, CrO42- and Cr2O72- ions in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alonso JM, Muñoz MP. Platinum and Gold Catalysis: à la Carte Hydroamination of Terminal Activated Allenes with Azoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:7639-7644. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Alonso
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu G, Huang X, Lu M, Li L, Li T, Xu D. Facile synthesis of magnetic zinc metal-organic framework for extraction of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fungicides from lettuce vegetable samples. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1451-1458. [PMID: 30677235 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a simple method for the fabrication of a magnetic amino-functionalized zinc metal-organic framework based on a magnetic graphene oxide composite. The resultant framework exhibited a porous 3D structure, high surface area and good adsorption properties for nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fungicides. The adsorption process and capacity indicated that the primary adsorption mechanism might be hydrogen bonding and π-π conjugation. In addition, an optimized protocol for magnetic solid phase extraction was developed (such as adsorbent content, pH, and desorption solvent), and utilized for the extraction of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fungicides from vegetable samples. Quantitation by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry offered a detection limit of 0.21-1.0 μg/L (S/N = 3) with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9975. These results demonstrate that magnetic amino-functionalized zinc metal-organic framewor is a promising adsorbent for the extraction and quantitation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fungicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meng Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao W, Cardenal AD, Wang C, Powers DC. In Operando Analysis of Diffusion in Porous Metal‐Organic Framework Catalysts. Chemistry 2018; 25:3465-3476. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Ashley D. Cardenal
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Chen‐Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hong JH, Aslam AS, Ko MS, Choi J, Lee Y, Cho DG. Bond Rotation in an Aromatic Carbaporphyrin: Allyliporphyrin. Chemistry 2018; 24:10054-10058. [PMID: 29740892 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Allyliporphyrin is a carbaporphyrin that has replaced one pyrrole with an allyl group. Dynamic behavior (bond rotation) was observed by variable temperature 1 H NMR and 2D-NOESY NMR spectroscopy and theoretically examined by DFT calculations. These studies revealed that well-defined bond rotation was first observed in the limited space of the carbaporphyrin from 2 through cis-2 and the calculated rotational barrier was low enough, with the relative energy level of cis-2 only 0.65 kcal mol-1 higher than 2. The synthesized allyliporphyrin (2) is a strongly aromatic macrocycle as indicated by the chemical shifts of its inner NH and CH signals. However, its palladium complex displayed reduced aromaticity due to the tilted thiophene of Pd-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ho Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil S Aslam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sung Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 3055-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 3055-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang CH, Das A, Gao WY, Powers DC. Probing Substrate Diffusion in Interstitial MOF Chemistry with Kinetic Isotope Effects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3676-3681. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - Anuvab Das
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - Wen-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang CH, Das A, Gao WY, Powers DC. Probing Substrate Diffusion in Interstitial MOF Chemistry with Kinetic Isotope Effects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - Anuvab Das
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - Wen-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX USA
| |
Collapse
|