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Hädinger P, Müller MP, Hinz A. Synthesis and Reactivity of Base-Stabilized and Base-Free Silaimidoyl Bromides. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1997-2004. [PMID: 38207101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The reactivity of the base-free bromosilylene dtbpCbzSiBr (dtbpCbz = 1,8-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazolyl) toward carbodiimides and azides was studied in order to generate base-stabilized and base-free silaimidoyl bromides, respectively. The steric bulk of carbodiimides and azides allows control over the reactivity. While with small substituents such as tert-butyl or adamantyl, the reactions cannot be stopped at the Si═N stage, with large substituents, they lead to C-H activation in the product. The Dipp substituent (Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) allowed the isolation of the silaimidoyl bromide dtbpCbzSi(Br)NDipp and its CNDipp-coordinated analogue. The reactivity of the Si═N double bond species was studied with respect to cycloaddition and donor exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hädinger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maximilian P Müller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Hinz
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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2
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Ballestero‐Martínez E, Szilvási T, Hadlington TJ, Driess M. From
As
‐Zincoarsasilene (LZn‐As=SiL′) to Arsaethynolato (As≡C−O) and Arsaketenylido (O=C=As) Zinc Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Ballestero‐Martínez
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Terrance J. Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
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Ballestero-Martínez E, Szilvási T, Hadlington TJ, Driess M. From As-Zincoarsasilene (LZn-As=SiL') to Arsaethynolato (As≡C-O) and Arsaketenylido (O=C=As) Zinc Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3382-3386. [PMID: 30620428 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the As-zincosilaarsene LZn-As=SiL' A (L=[CH(CMeNDipp)2 ]- , Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 , L'=[{C(H)N(2,6-i Pr2 -C6 H3 )}2 ]2- ) towards small molecules was investigated. Due to the pronounced zwitterionic character of the Si=As bond of A, it undergoes addition reactions with H2 O and NH3 , forming LZnAs(H)SiOH(L') 1 and LZnAs(H)SiNH2 (L') 2. Oxygenation of A with N2 O at -60 °C furnishes the deep blue 1,2-disiloxydiarsene, [LZnOSi(L')As]2 4, presumably via dimerization of the arsinidene intermediate LZnOSi(L')As 3. Oxygenation of A with CO2 leads to the monomeric arsaethynolato siloxido zinc complex LZnOSi(L')(OC≡As) 5, essentially trapping the intermediary arsinidene 3 with liberated CO following initial oxidation of the Si=As bond. DFT calculations confirm the ambident coordination mode of the anionic [AsCO] ligand in solution, with the O-arsaethynolato [As≡C-O].- in 5, and the As-arsaketenylido ligand mode [O=C=As]- present in LZnO-Si(L')(-As=C=O) 5' akin to the analogous phosphorus system, [PCO]- .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Ballestero-Martínez
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Terrance J Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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Santra B, Mandal D, Gupta V, Kalita P, Kumar V, Narayanan RS, Dey A, Chrysochos N, Mohammad A, Singh A, Zimmer M, Dalapati R, Biswas S, Schulzke C, Chandrasekhar V, Scheschkewitz D, Jana A. Structural Diversity in Supramolecular Organization of Anionic Phosphate Monoesters: Role of Cations. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:2118-2133. [PMID: 31459460 PMCID: PMC6648147 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Syntheses and structures of anionic arylphosphate monoesters [ArOP(O)2(OH)]- (Ar = 2,6-CHPh2-4-R-C6H2; R = Me/Et/iPr/tBu) with different counter cations are reported. The counter cations were varied systematically: imidazolium cation, 2-methyl imidazolium cation, N-methyl imidazolium cation, N,N'-alkyl substituted imidazolium cation, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ium cation, 4,4'-bipyridinium dication, and magnesium(II) dication. The objective was to examine if the supramolecular structure of anionic arylphosphate monoesters could be modulated by varying the cation. It was found that an eight-membered P2O4H2-hydrogen-bonded dimeric motif involving intermolecular H-bonding between the [P(O)(OH)] unit of the anionic phosphate monoester along with the counter cation is formed with 2-methyl imidazolium cation, N-methyl imidazolium cation, N,N'-alkyl substituted imidazolium cation, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ium cation, and magnesium(II) dication; both discrete and polymeric H-bonded structures are observed. In the case of imidazolium cations and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ium cation, the formation of one-dimensional polymers (single lane/double lane) was observed. On the other hand, two types of phosphate motifs, intermolecular H-bonded dimer and an open-form, were observed in the case of 4,4'-bipyridinium dication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Santra
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Debdeep Mandal
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Pankaj Kalita
- National
Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Vierandra Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | | | - Atanu Dey
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Nicolas Chrysochos
- Institut
für Biochemie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt
Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Akbar Mohammad
- Discipline
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Discipline
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp-Chair
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rana Dalapati
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Shyam Biswas
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut
für Biochemie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt
Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500107, India
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Nesterov V, Reiter D, Bag P, Frisch P, Holzner R, Porzelt A, Inoue S. NHCs in Main Group Chemistry. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9678-9842. [PMID: 29969239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) in the beginning of the 1990s, these divalent carbon species have become a common and available class of compounds, which have found numerous applications in academic and industrial research. Their important role as two-electron donor ligands, especially in transition metal chemistry and catalysis, is difficult to overestimate. In the past decade, there has been tremendous research attention given to the chemistry of low-coordinate main group element compounds. Significant progress has been achieved in stabilization and isolation of such species as Lewis acid/base adducts with highly tunable NHC ligands. This has allowed investigation of numerous novel types of compounds with unique electronic structures and opened new opportunities in the rational design of novel organic catalysts and materials. This Review gives a general overview of this research, basic synthetic approaches, key features of NHC-main group element adducts, and might be useful for the broad research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Dominik Reiter
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Prasenjit Bag
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Philipp Frisch
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Richard Holzner
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Amelie Porzelt
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
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