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Mondal P, Neuschuler Z, Mandal D, Hernandez RE, Cohen SM. Reversible Postsynthetic Modification in a Metal-Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317062. [PMID: 38150287 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Postsynthetic modification (PSM) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provides access to functional materials and advanced porous solid engineering. Herein, we report the reversible PSM of a multivariate isoreticular MOF by applying dynamic furan-maleimide Diels-Alder (DA) chemistry. The key step involves incorporating a furan group into the MOF via "click" PSM, which can then undergo repeated cycles of modification and de-modification with maleimides. The structural integrity, crystallinity, and porosity of the furan-appended MOF remained intact even after three consecutive PSM/de-modification cycles using three different functionalized maleimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prantik Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zachary Neuschuler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dipendu Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ritchie E Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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2
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Engel S, Jeschenko PM, van Dongen M, Rose JC, Schäfer D, Bruns M, Herres-Pawlis S, Keul H, Möller M. Photo-cross-linked and pH-Switchable Soft Polymer Nanocapsules from Polyglycidyl Ethers. Macromolecules 2024; 57:707-718. [PMID: 38283123 PMCID: PMC10810002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Soft polymer nanocapsules and microgels, which can adapt their shape and, at the same time, sequester and release molecular payloads in response to an external trigger, are a challenging complement to vesicular structures like polymersomes. In this work, we report the synthesis of such capsules by photo-cross-linking of coumarin-substituted polyglycidyl ethers, which we prepared by Williamson etherification of epichlorohydrin (ECH) repeating units with 7-hydroxycoumarin in copolymers with tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBGE). To control capsule size, we employed the prepolymers in an o/w miniemulsion, where they formed a gel layer at the interface upon irradiation at 365 nm by [2π + 2π] photodimerization of the coumarin groups. Upon irradiation at 254 nm, the reaction could be reversed and the gel wall could be repeatedly disintegrated and rebuilt. We further demonstrated (i) reversible hydrophilization of the gels by hydrolysis of the lactone rings in coumarin dimers as a mechanism to manipulate the permeability of the capsules and (ii) binding functional molecules as amides. Thus, the presented nanogels are remarkably versatile and can be further used as a carrier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Engel
- Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pascal M. Jeschenko
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max
Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel van Dongen
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonas C. Rose
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dominic Schäfer
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), RWTH Aachen
University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Bruns
- Institute
for Applied Materials and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), RWTH Aachen
University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Helmut Keul
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Möller
- Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute
for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max
Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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BF3–Catalyzed Diels–Alder Reaction between Butadiene and Methyl Acrylate in Aqueous Solution—An URVA and Local Vibrational Mode Study. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigate the Diels–Alder reaction between methyl acrylate and butadiene, which is catalyzed by BF3 Lewis acid in explicit water solution, using URVA and Local Mode Analysis as major tools complemented with NBO, electron density and ring puckering analyses. We considered four different starting orientations of methyl acrylate and butadiene, which led to 16 DA reactions in total. In order to isolate the catalytic effects of the BF3 catalyst and those of the water environment and exploring how these effects are synchronized, we systematically compared the non-catalyzed reaction in gas phase and aqueous solution with the catalyzed reaction in gas phase and aqueous solution. Gas phase studies were performed at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level of theory and studies in aqueous solution were performed utilizing a QM/MM approach at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p)/AMBER level of theory. The URVA results revealed reaction path curvature profiles with an overall similar pattern for all 16 reactions showing the same sequence of CC single bond formation for all of them. In contrast to the parent DA reaction with symmetric substrates causing a synchronous bond formation process, here, first the new CC single bond on the CH2 side of methyl acrylate is formed followed by the CC bond at the ester side. As for the parent DA reaction, both bond formation events occur after the TS, i.e., they do not contribute to the energy barrier. What determines the barrier is the preparation process for CC bond formation, including the approach diene and dienophile, CC bond length changes and, in particular, rehybridization of the carbon atoms involved in the formation of the cyclohexene ring. This process is modified by both the BF3 catalyst and the water environment, where both work in a hand-in-hand fashion leading to the lowest energy barrier of 9.06 kcal/mol found for the catalyzed reaction R1 in aqueous solution compared to the highest energy barrier of 20.68 kcal/mol found for the non-catalyzed reaction R1 in the gas phase. The major effect of the BF3 catalyst is the increased mutual polarization and the increased charge transfer between methyl acrylate and butadiene, facilitating the approach of diene and dienophile and the pyramidalization of the CC atoms involved in the ring formation, which leads to a lowering of the activation energy. The catalytic effect of water solution is threefold. The polar environment leads also to increased polarization and charge transfer between the reacting species, similar as in the case of the BF3 catalyst, although to a smaller extend. More important is the formation of hydrogen bonds with the reaction complex, which are stronger for the TS than for the reactant, thus stabilizing the TS which leads to a further reduction of the activation energy. As shown by the ring puckering analysis, the third effect of water is space confinement of the reacting partners, conserving the boat form of the six-member ring from the entrance to the exit reaction channel. In summary, URVA combined with LMA has led to a clearer picture on how both BF3 catalyst and aqueous environment in a synchronized effort lower the reaction barrier. These new insights will serve to further fine-tune the DA reaction of methyl acrylate and butadiene and DA reactions in general.
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4
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Liew ASY, Nguang SY, Minggu LJ, Tahir N, Moh PY. Graphene oxide incorporated amino‐functionalized iron terephthalate composite as a heterogeneous Fenton‐like catalyst. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Shun Yao Liew
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Sing Yew Nguang
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | | | - Norini Tahir
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Pak Yan Moh
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
- Water Research Unit Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
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Nayab S, Trouillet V, Gliemann H, Weidler PG, Azeem I, Tariq SR, Goldmann AS, Barner-Kowollik C, Yameen B. Reversible Diels-Alder and Michael Addition Reactions Enable the Facile Postsynthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4397-4409. [PMID: 33729794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is critical in exploring their structural and chemical diversity for numerous potential applications. Herein, we report multiple approaches for the tandem postsynthetic modification (PSM) of various MOFs derived from Zr(IV), Al(III), and Zn(II). Our current work is based on our efforts to develop a wide range of MOF platforms with a dynamic functional nature that can be chemically switched via thermally triggered reversible Diels-Alder (DA) and hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA) ligations. Furan-tagged MOFs (furan-UiO-66-Zr) were conjugated with maleimide groups bearing dienophiles to prepare MOFs with a chemically switchable nature. As HDA pairs, phosphoryl dithioester-based moieties and cyclopentadiene (Cp)-grafted MOF (Cp-MIL-53-Al) were utilized to demonstrate the cleavage and rebonding of the linkages as a function of temperature. In addition to these strategies, the Michael addition reaction was also applied for the tandem PSM of IRMOF-3-Zn. Maleimide groups were postsynthetically introduced in the MOF lattice, which were further ligated with cysteine-based biomolecules via the thiol-maleimide Michael addition reaction. On the basis of the versatility of the herein presented chemistry, we expect that these approaches will help in designing a variety of sophisticated functional MOF materials addressing diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Nayab
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Gliemann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter G Weidler
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Iqra Azeem
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Saadia R Tariq
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anja S Goldmann
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Basit Yameen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
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Sompornpailin D, Ratanatawanate C, Sattayanon C, Namuangruk S, Punyapalakul P. Selective adsorption mechanisms of pharmaceuticals on benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid-based MOFs: Effects of a flexible framework, adsorptive interactions and the DFT study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137449. [PMID: 32135284 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synergetic effects of benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (BDC) linker structure and the metal cluster of MOFs on adsorption mechanisms of carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin and mefenamic acid were investigated in single and mixed solutions. A 1D flexible framework MIL-53(Al), 3D rigid framework UiO-66(Zr) and 3D flexible framework MIL-88B(Fe) were applied as adsorbents. The breathing effect of MIL-53(Al) caused by its flexible structure can enhance intraparticle diffusion for all pharmaceuticals and perform a critical role in excellent adsorption performances. The 3D rigid BDC structure of UiO-66(Zr) caused a steric effect that reflected low or negligible adsorption. Unless concerning accessibility through the internal structure of the MOFs, the binding strengths calculated by the DFT study were in the following order: MIL-88B(Fe) > MIL-53(Al) > UiO-66(Zr). The Fe cluster in MIL-88B(Fe) seems to have the highest affinity for the carboxylic group of pharmaceuticals compared with Al and Zr; however, the lower porosity of MIL-88B(Fe) might limit the adsorption capacity. Moreover, in mixed solutions, the higher acidity of mefenamic acid can enhance competitive performance in interactions with the metal cation cluster of each MOF. Together with the breathing effect, H-bonding and π-π interaction were shown to be the alternative interactions of synergetic adsorption mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujduan Sompornpailin
- International Postgraduate Programs in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chalita Ratanatawanate
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.; Research Network of NANOTEC - CU on Environment, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanchai Sattayanon
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Namuangruk
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Patiparn Punyapalakul
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Research unit Control of Emerging Micropollutants in Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC - CU on Environment, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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7
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Goldmann AS, Boase NRB, Michalek L, Blinco JP, Welle A, Barner-Kowollik C. Adaptable and Reprogrammable Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902665. [PMID: 31414512 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Establishing control over chemical reactions on interfaces is a key challenge in contemporary surface and materials science, in particular when introducing well-defined functionalities in a reversible fashion. Reprogrammable, adaptable and functional interfaces require sophisticated chemistries to precisely equip them with specific functionalities having tailored properties. In the last decade, reversible chemistries-both covalent and noncovalent-have paved the way to precision functionalize 2 or 3D structures that provide both spatial and temporal control. A critical literature assessment reveals that methodologies for writing and erasing substrates exist, yet are still far from reaching their full potential. It is thus critical to assess the current status and to identify avenues to overcome the existing limitations. Herein, the current state-of-the-art in the field of reversible chemistry on surfaces is surveyed, while concomitantly identifying the challenges-not only synthetic but also in current surface characterization methods. The potential within reversible chemistry on surfaces to function as true writeable memories devices is identified, and the latest developments in readout technologies are discussed. Finally, we explore how spatial and temporal control over reversible, light-induced chemistries has the potential to drive the future of functional interface design, especially when combined with powerful laser lithographic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja S Goldmann
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Nathan R B Boase
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Lukas Michalek
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - James P Blinco
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Alexander Welle
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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8
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Li PZ, Wang XJ, Zhao Y. Click chemistry as a versatile reaction for construction and modification of metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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von Zons T, Brokmann L, Lippke J, Preuße T, Hülsmann M, Schaate A, Behrens P, Godt A. Postsynthetic Modification of Metal–Organic Frameworks through Nitrile Oxide–Alkyne Cycloaddition. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:3348-3359. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias von Zons
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Luisa Brokmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jann Lippke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ZFM-Center for Solid State Chemistry and New Materials, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Preuße
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Miriam Hülsmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaate
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ZFM-Center for Solid State Chemistry and New Materials, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ZFM-Center for Solid State Chemistry and New Materials, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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