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Recent advances on carborane-based ligands in low-valent group 13 and group 14 elements chemistry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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Abstract
The amidinatoamidosilylene [LSiNMe2] [1; L = PhC(NtBu)2] was reacted with B2Br4(SMe2)2 in toluene at room temperature to form the bis(silylene)tetrabromodiborane [L{Me2N}Si]2B2Br4 (2). It was then reacted with excess KC8 in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature to afford the bis(silylene)dibromodiborene [L{Me2N}Si]2B2Br2 (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Ming-Chung Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Wai So
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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3
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Vrána J, Holub J, Samsonov MA, Růžičková Z, Cvačka J, McKee ML, Fanfrlík J, Hnyk D, Růžička A. Access to cationic polyhedral carboranes via dynamic cage surgery with N-heterocyclic carbenes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4971. [PMID: 34404809 PMCID: PMC8371172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhedral boranes and heteroboranes appear almost exclusively as neutral or anionic species, while the cationic ones are protonated at exoskeletal heteroatoms or they are instable. Here we report the reactivity of 10-vertex closo-dicarbadecaboranes with one or two equivalents of N-heterocyclic carbene to 10-vertex nido mono- and/or bis-carbene adducts, respectively. These complexes easily undergo a reaction with HCl to give cages of stable and water soluble 10-vertex nido-type cations with protonation in the form of a BHB bridge or 10-vertex closo-type cations containing one carbene ligand when originating from closo-1,10-dicarbadecaborane. The reaction of a 10-vertex nido mono-carbene adduct with phosphorus trichloride gives nido-11-vertex 2-phospha-7,8-dicarbaundecaborane, which undergoes an oxidation of the phosphorus atom to P = O, while the product of a bis-carbene adduct reaction is best described as a distorted C2B6H8 fragment bridged by the (BH)2PCl2+ moiety. In comparison to their neutral or anionic counterparts, examples of cationic boron clusters remain scarce. Here, the authors prepare a variety of cationic polyhedral boranes by reacting closo-10-vertex carboranes with N-heterocyclic carbenes; the resulting open-cage cationic nido- arachno- or closo- derivatives are water soluble, which may enable unprecedented applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vrána
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Maksim A Samsonov
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael L McKee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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Mu X, Hopp M, Dziedzic RM, Waddington MA, Rheingold AL, Sletten EM, Axtell JC, Spokoyny AM. Expanding the Scope of Palladium-Catalyzed B - N Cross-Coupling Chemistry in Carboranes. Organometallics 2020; 39:4380-4386. [PMID: 34012188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, a number of strategies for the functionalization of dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes (carboranes) have emerged. Despite these developments, B - N bond formation on the carborane scaffold remains a challenge due to the propensity of strong nucleophiles to partially deboronate the parent closo-carborane cluster into the corresponding nido form. Here we show that azide, sulfonamide, cyanate, and phosphoramidate nucleophiles can be straightforwardly cross-coupled onto the B(9) vertices of the o- and m-carborane core from readily accessible precursors without significant deboronation by-products, laying the groundwork for further study into the utility and properties of these new B-aminated carborane species. We further showcase select reactivity of the installed functional groups highlighting some unique features stemming from the combination of the electron-donating B(9) position and the large steric profile of the B-connected carborane substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Morgan Hopp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rafal M Dziedzic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mary A Waddington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jonathan C Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Liu LL, Zhou J, Cao LL, Stephan DW. Phosphaaluminirenes: Synthons for Main Group Heterocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16971-16982. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Levy L. Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Nesterov V, Reiter D, Bag P, Frisch P, Holzner R, Porzelt A, Inoue S. NHCs in Main Group Chemistry. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9678-9842. [PMID: 29969239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) in the beginning of the 1990s, these divalent carbon species have become a common and available class of compounds, which have found numerous applications in academic and industrial research. Their important role as two-electron donor ligands, especially in transition metal chemistry and catalysis, is difficult to overestimate. In the past decade, there has been tremendous research attention given to the chemistry of low-coordinate main group element compounds. Significant progress has been achieved in stabilization and isolation of such species as Lewis acid/base adducts with highly tunable NHC ligands. This has allowed investigation of numerous novel types of compounds with unique electronic structures and opened new opportunities in the rational design of novel organic catalysts and materials. This Review gives a general overview of this research, basic synthetic approaches, key features of NHC-main group element adducts, and might be useful for the broad research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Dominik Reiter
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Prasenjit Bag
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Philipp Frisch
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Richard Holzner
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Amelie Porzelt
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching bei München 85748 , Germany
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Synthesis, structure and reactivity of a carborane-fused silylene 1-{[PhC(NtBu)2]Si}-1,2-C2B10H11. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bai Y, Zhang J, Cui C. An arene-tethered silylene ligand enabling reversible dinitrogen binding to iron and catalytic silylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8124-8127. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03734e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A silylene–iron(0) dinitrogen complex enabled the catalytic silylation of N2 with high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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