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Kumar N, Kumar A. Enzyme-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 4-Hetero-Functionalized 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 39230948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed novel protocols for the regioselective construction of fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles by employing 2-azido-1,3,5-triazine (ADT) as a 1,3-dipole for the cycloaddition reaction with the activated alkene in an aqueous medium have been developed. Various 4-heterosubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles were readily assembled in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity. This reaction also features wide substrate scope, strong functional group tolerance, gram-scale synthesis, and an environmentally friendly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneet Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Xue F, Zhang J, Ma Z, Wang Z. Copper Dispersed Covalent Organic Framework for Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition and Fast Synthesis of Rufinamide in Water. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307796. [PMID: 38185802 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
A crystalline porous bipyridine-based Bpy-COF with a high BET surface area (1864 m2 g-1) and uniform mesopore (4.0 nm) is successfully synthesized from 1,3,5-tris-(4'-formyl-biphenyl-4-yl)triazine and 5,5'-diamino-2,2'-bipyridine via a solvothermal method. After Cu(I)-loading, the resultant Cu(I)-Bpy-COF remained the ordered porous structure with evenly distributed Cu(I) ions at a single-atom level. Using Cu(I)-Bpy-COF as a heterogeneous catalyst, high conversions for cycloaddition reactions are achieved within a short time (40 min) at 25 °C in water medium. Moreover, Cu(I)-Bpy-COF proves to be applicable for aromatic and aliphatic azides and alkynes bearing various substituents such as ester, hydroxyl, amido, pyridyl, thienyl, bulky triphenylamine, fluorine, and trifluoromethyl groups. The high conversions remain almost constant after five cycles. Additionally, the antiepileptic drug (rufinamide) is successfully prepared by a simple one-step reaction using Cu(I)-Bpy-COF, proving its practical feasibility for pharmaceutical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhongcheng Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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Jaiswal MK, Gupta A, Ansari FJ, Pandey VK, Tiwari VK. Recent Progress on Synthesis of Functionalized 1,5-Disubstituted Triazoles. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:513-558. [PMID: 38804327 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230418123350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Immediately after the invention of 'Click Chemistry' in 2002, the regioselective 1,2,3- triazole scaffolds resulted from respective organic azides and terminal alkynes under Cu(I) catalysis have been well recognized as the functional heterocyclic core at the centre of modern organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and material sciences. This CuAAC reaction has several notable features including excellent regioselectivity, high-to-excellent yields, easy to execute, short reaction time, modular in nature, mild condition, readily available starting materials, etc. Moreover, the resulting regioselective triazoles can serve as amide bond isosteres, a privileged functional group in drug discovery and development. More than hundreds of reviews had been devoted to the 'Click Chemistry' in special reference to 1,4-disubstituted triazoles, while only little efforts were made for an opposite regioisomer i.e., 1,5-disubstituted triazole. Herein, we have presented various classical approaches for an expeditious synthesis of a wide range of biologically relevant 1,5- disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues. The syntheses of such a class of diversly functionalized triazoles have emerged as a crucial investigation in the domain of chemistry and biology. This tutorial review covers the literature assessment on the development of various synthetic protocols for the functionalized 1,5-disubstituted triazoles reported during the last 12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Faisal J Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vinay K Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Overview of 1,5-Selective Click Reaction of Azides with Alkynes or Their Synthetic Equivalents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031400. [PMID: 36771064 PMCID: PMC9919577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the click reaction of azides with alkynes has evolved rapidly and become one of the most efficient methods to synthesize 1,2,3-triazoles, which are an important class of N-containing heterocycles. While the 1,4-selective click reaction of azides with alkynes is well established to synthesize 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles, the corresponding 1,5-selective click reaction for the generation of 1,5-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles is much less explored, and there is no systematic review for the 1,5-selective click reaction. This timely review summarizes the discovery and development of 1,5-selective click reactions of azides with alkynes for the synthesis of 1,5-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles. The 1,5-selective click reactions will be divided into three types according to the critical reactive intermediates: metallacyclic intermediates, acetylide intermediate, and formal 1,5-selective azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The related mechanistic studies will also be involved in this review.
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Dai J, Tian S, Yang X, Liu Z. Synthesis methods of 1,2,3-/1,2,4-triazoles: A review. Front Chem 2022; 10:891484. [PMID: 36226121 PMCID: PMC9548580 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.891484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triazole, comprising three nitrogen atoms and two carbon atoms, is divided into two isomers 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole. Compounds containing a triazole are one of the significant heterocycles that exhibit broad biological activities, such as antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antineoplastic, antimalarial, antiviral, antiproliferative, and anticancer activities. A great quantity of drugs with a triazole structure has been developed and proved, for example, ketoconazole and fluconazole. Given the importance of the triazole scaffold, its synthesis has attracted much attention. This review summarizes the synthetic methods of triazole compounds from various nitrogen sources in the past 20 years.
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Rengasamy R, Vijayalakshmi K, Punitha N, Paul Raj J, Karthikeyan K, Elangovan J. A novel route to 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles through metal-free decarboxylative azide-alkene cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
1,2,3-triazoles represent a functional heterocyclic core that has been at the center of modern organic chemistry since the beginning of click chemistry. Being a versatile framework, such an aromatic ring can be observed in uncountable molecules useful in medicine and photochemistry, just to name a few. This review summarizes the progress achieved in their synthesis from 2015 to today, with particular emphasis on the development of new catalytic and eco-compatible approaches. In doing so, we subdivided the report based on their degree of functionalization and, for each subparagraph, we outlined the role of the catalyst employed.
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Multi-component reaction for the preparation of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles by in-situ generation of azides and nickel-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Ascorbic acid is the most well-known vitamin found in different types of food. It has
tremendous medical applications in several different fields such as in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
and in organic synthesis. Ascorbic acid can be used as a substrate or mediator in organic synthesis.
In this review, we report ascorbic acid-catalyzed reactions in organic synthesis. Several examples
are included in this review to demonstrate that ascorbic acid is a versatile catalyst for the synthesis
of diverse organic compounds. Reactions catalyzed by ascorbic acid are performed in organic or
aqueous media. The ready availability and easy handling features of ascorbic acid make these procedures
highly fascinating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Das
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram Naresh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur-222003 (UP), India
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
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Copper(II)-catalyzed decarboxylative cyclization for accessing biologically relevant 3-(2-furanyl) Indoles via 3-cyanoacetyl indoles and cinnamic acids. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Swarnkar S, Ansari MY, Kumar A. Tuning the Chemoselectivity of Dehydroacetic Acid Derived Enones by Isoniazid and Phenylhydrazines: An Efficient Access to 3-Styryl Pyrano[2,3- c
]pyrazolones. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Swarnkar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Sector 10, Jankipuram extension; Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 226031 Lucknow India
| | - Mohd Yeshab Ansari
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Sector 10, Jankipuram extension; Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 226031 Lucknow India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Sector 10, Jankipuram extension; Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 226031 Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; 110001 New Delhi India
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Bao P, Yue H, Meng N, Zhao X, Li J, Wei W. Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of Alkynes, TMSN3, and Ethers: Regiocontrollable Synthesis of N1- and N2-Oxyalkylated 1,2,3-Triazoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:7218-7222. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165 Shandong, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Na Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165 Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Jiangsheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165 Shandong, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
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13
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Fu Z, Jiang Y, Wang S, Song Y, Guo S, Cai H. Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Ortho-Halogenation of Aryl Carboxylic Acids with Sodium Halide NaX Using Carboxyl as a Traceless Directing Group. Org Lett 2019; 21:3003-3007. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjiang Fu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yongqing Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Shuiliang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Shengmei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Hu Cai
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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Bao P, Meng N, Lv Y, Yue H, Li JS, Wei W. Selective assembly of N1- and N2-alkylated 1,2,3-triazoles via copper-catalyzed decarboxylative cycloaddition of alkynyl carboxylic acids with ethers and azidotrimethylsilane. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01277j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and regiocontrolled method for the synthesis of various N1- and N2 alkylated 1,2,3-triazoles via copper-catalyzed decarboxylative cycloaddition of alkynyl carboxylic acids with ethers and azidotrimethylsilane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
| | - Na Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
| | - Yufen Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qinghai 810008
- China
| | - Jiang-Sheng Li
- School of Chemistry and food Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha
- China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
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A new route to synthesis of substituted pyrazoles through oxidative [3+2] cycloaddition of electron deficient alkenes and diazocarbonyl compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Cao S, Liu Y, Hu C, Wen C, Wan J. Alkyl Propiolates Participated [3+2] Annulation for the Switchable Synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles Containing Ester Side Chain. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Hu
- College of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 P. R. China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 P. R. China
| | - Jie‐Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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